Name
|
Founder
|
Founded
|
Type
|
References
|
3HO |
Harbhajan Singh Khalsa |
1969 |
Sikh |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 131
|
Adidam, previously Free Daist Communion, Dawn Horse Fellowship, etc. |
Adi Da |
1972 |
Neo-Hindu-inspired |
[Clarke 2006]: 2–3
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 6–7
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 146, 6–7
[Lewis 1998]: 25–28
|
Adonai-Shomo |
Frederick T. Howland |
1861 |
Adventist
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 707
[Lewis 1998]: 28
|
Adonism |
Franz Sättler |
1925 |
Modern Pagan |
[6]: 4
|
Adventures in Enlightenment, A Foundation |
Terry Cole-Whittaker |
1985 |
Religious Science |
[Lewis 1998]: 28–29
|
Aetherius Society |
George King |
1954 |
UFO-
Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 3
[Lewis 1998]: 29–31
[7]: 25–26
|
The African Church |
Jacob Kehinde Coker |
1901 |
Anglican |
[Chryssides 2001]: 26
[8]
|
African initiated churches |
Multiple |
1800s |
Syncretistic
Christian-
Indigenous |
[Chryssides 2001]: 26–27
|
African Theological Archministry, previously Order of Damballah Hwedo Ancestor Priests, Shango Temple, and Yoruba Temple |
Walter Eugene King |
1973 |
Afro-American
Voodoo |
[Melton 2003]: 934
[Lewis 1998]: 31
|
Agasha Temple of Wisdom |
Richard Zenor |
1943 |
Spiritualism |
[Melton 2003]: 764
[Lewis 1998]: 32
|
Agni Yoga (
Roerichism) |
Helena Roerich,
Nicholas Roerich |
1920 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 876
[Lewis 1998]: 32
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 16–17
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 6
|
Ahmadi Religion of Peace and Light |
Abdullah Hashem |
2015 |
Shia Islam-
Millenarian |
[Introvigne 2024]
|
Ahmadiyya |
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad |
1889 |
Messianic
Islam |
[Lewis 1998]: 32–33
[Chryssides 2001]: 27–28
[Melton 2003]: 985
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 6
|
Aiyy Faith, previously Kut-Siur: 62 |
Lazar Afanasyev alias Téris |
1990 |
Modern Pagan Neo-
Tengrist |
[9]: 62
[9]: 57
|
Aladura |
Josiah Ositelu |
1930 |
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]
[Chryssides 2001]: 28–29, 517
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 7
|
Alamo Christian Foundation,
a.k.a. Alamo Christian Church, Consecrated, Alamo Christian Ministries, and Music Square Church |
Tony Alamo; Susan Alamo |
1969 |
Fundamentalist
Communal |
[Lewis 1998]: 33–34
[Chryssides 2001]: 29
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 13
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 7
|
Altruria |
Edward Biron Payne |
1894 |
Christian
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 707
[Lewis 1998]: 34–35
|
American Buddhist Movement |
|
1980 |
Western Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1116
[Lewis 1998]: 35–36
|
American Buddhist Society and Fellowship, Inc. |
Robert Ernest Dickhoff |
1945 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1102
[Lewis 1998]: 36
|
American World Patriarchs |
Uladyslau Ryzy-Ryski |
1972 |
Eastern Orthodox |
[Melton 2003]: 309
[Lewis 1998]: 37–38
|
Amica Temple of Radiance |
Ivah Berg Whitten |
1932 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 876
[Lewis 1998]: 38
|
Ananda Ashrama |
Paramananda |
1923 |
Neo-Hindu
Neo-Vedanta |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 29–30
|
Ananda Marga |
Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar |
1955 |
Neo-Hindu
Tantric |
[Melton 2003]: 1001
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 30–31
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 11
[Lewis 1998]: 41
[Chryssides 2001]: 30–31
[10]: 370
|
Ananda movement, incl.
Ananda World Brotherhood Colonies and Ananda Church of Self-Realization |
Kriyananda |
1968 |
Neo-Hindu
Self-Realization Fellowship |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 33–34
|
Anandamayee Sangha, officially, Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha |
Anandamayi Ma |
1920s |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 32
|
Ancient British Church in North America |
Jonathan V. Zotique |
1976 |
Homosexually oriented Christian |
[Melton 2003]: 1142
[Lewis 1998]: 43
|
Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis |
H. Spencer Lewis |
1915 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Lewis 1998]: 42–43
[Chryssides 2001]: 31
[Melton 2003]: 841
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 11
|
Ancient Teachings of the Masters (ATOM) |
Darwin Gross |
1983 |
Sant Mat
Eckankar |
[Melton 2003]: 1054
[Clarke 2006]: 32–33, 508
[Lewis 1998]: 43
|
Anglo-Saxon Federation of America |
Howard B. Rand |
1928 |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 651
[Lewis 1998]: 43–44
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 13
|
Ansaaru Allah Community |
As Siddid Al Imaan Al Haahi Al Mahdi |
1960s, late |
Black Islam |
[Melton 2003]: 986–987, 986–987
[Lewis 1998]: 44
|
Ant Hill Kids,
a.k.a. Holy Moses Mountain Family |
Roch Thériault |
1977 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[11]
[12]
|
Anthroposophy (
Anthroposophical Society) |
Rudolf Steiner |
1912 |
Western esotericism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 33–34
[Lewis 1998]: 44–47
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 20
[13]: 41
|
Antiochian Catholic Church in America |
Gordon Mar Peter |
1980s |
Independent Catholic
Monophysite |
[Melton 2003]: 241
[Lewis 1998]: 47
|
Antoinism |
Louis-Joseph Antoine |
1910 |
Christian Healing |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]
|
Apostles of Infinite Love,
a.k.a. The Order of Magnificat of the Mother of God |
Michel Collin,
Jean-Gaston Tremblay |
1961 |
Catholic |
[14]
|
Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarean) |
Samuel Heinrich Froehlich |
1906 |
European
Free-Church |
[Melton 2003]: 548
[Lewis 1998]: 47–48
|
Apostolic Christian Church of America |
Samuel Heinrich Froehlich |
1830 |
European
Free-Church |
[Melton 2003]: 548
[Lewis 1998]: 47–48
|
Apostolic Church |
Daniel Powell Williams |
1916 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 23
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 15
|
Apostolic Church of Christ (Pentecostal) |
Johnnie Draft; Wallace Snow |
1969 |
Apostolic
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 464
[Lewis 1998]: 48
|
Apostolic Overcoming Holy Church of God |
William Thomas Phillips |
1920 |
Apostolic
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 465
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 16
|
Arcane School |
Alice and Foster Bailey |
1937 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 857
[Chryssides 2001]: 38
|
Arica School |
Oscar Ichazo |
1968 |
Sufism |
[Melton 2003]: 971
[Chryssides 2001]: 38–39
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 17
|
Art of Living Foundation,
a.k.a. Association for Inner Growth and 'Ved Vignan Maha Vidya Preeth' |
Ravi Shankar |
1981/1982 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 45–46
[Melton 2003]: 1004
|
Arya Samaj |
Dayananda Saraswati |
1875 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1004
[Chryssides 2001]: 40–41
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 45–46
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 18
|
Aryan Nations,
a.k.a. Church of Jesus Christ–Christian |
Wesley Swift |
1940s, late |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 654
[Chryssides 2001]: 91
|
Ásatrú Folk Assembly |
Stephen McNallen |
1970s |
Modern Pagan
Polytheistic reconstructionism
Heathenry |
[15]
|
Assemblies of God |
merger |
1914 |
Pentecostal |
[16]: 106
[Chryssides 2001]: 41–42
[Clarke 2006]: 48
[16]: 106
|
Assemblies of the Lord Jesus Christ |
merger |
1952 |
Apostolic
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 18
|
Assembly of Christian Soldiers |
Jessie L. Thrift |
1971 |
Christian Identity
Ku Klux Klan |
[Melton 2003]: 1131
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 21
|
Assembly of Man |
Franklin Merrell-Wolff |
1928 |
Eastern and
Western esotericism |
[17]
|
Association for Research and Enlightenment |
Edgar Cayce |
1931 |
Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 31
[Chryssides 2001]: 42–43
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 21
|
Association of Vineyard Churches,
a.k.a. Vineyard Movement |
John Wimber |
1982 |
Neo-charismatic
Trinitarian
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 446
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 316
|
Aumism |
Gilbert Bourdin |
1969 |
Syncretistic
Esoteric-
Hinduism |
[18]: 217
[18]: 222, 218
[18]: 215
|
Aum Shinrikyo,
a.k.a. Aleph |
Shoko Asahara |
1987 |
Japanese
Japanese Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1073
[19]
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 23
[Chryssides 2001]: 44–45
[20]
|
Ausar Auset Society |
R.A. Straughn |
1970s, mid |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 842
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 24
|
Azali or Azali Babi |
Subh-i-Azal |
1863 |
Babism |
[21]: 246
|
Bábism |
Báb (Ali Muhammad Shirazi) |
1844 |
Shia Islam-
Millenarian |
[22]
[Lewis 1998]: 58
[22]
[23]: 180
|
Baháʼí Faith |
Bahá'u'lláh (Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Alí Nuri) |
1863 |
Babism-
Millenarian |
[Chryssides 2001]: 48–49
[Clarke 2006]: 58–56
[Melton 2003]: 992
[24]
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 25–26
[Miller 1995]: 243–248
|
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship |
Bawa Muhaiyaddeen |
1971 |
Sufism |
[Melton 2003]: 972
[Chryssides 2001]: 50–51
|
Bethel Ministerial Association |
Albert Franklin Varnell |
1934 |
Apostolic
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 32
|
Bible Presbyterian Church |
Carl McIntire |
1938 |
Reformed
Presbyterian |
[Melton 2003]: 370
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 33
|
Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ |
schism |
1957 |
Apostolic
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 466
[Lewis 1998]: 77
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 34
|
Biosophy |
Ignaz Paul Vitalis Troxler,
F. W. J. Schelling |
1806 |
|
[25]
[26]
|
Blackburn Cult,
a.k.a. Divine Order of the Royal Arms of the Great Eleven |
May Otis Blackburn |
1922 |
Modern Pagan
New Thought |
[27]: 1
[27]: 35
|
Brahma Kumaris |
Dada Lekhraj |
1936/1937 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Chryssides 2001]: 56–57
[28]
[Melton 2003]: 1006
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 89–91
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 37
|
Brahmo Samaj,
a.k.a.
Adi Dharm |
Ram Mohan Roy |
1828 |
Neo-Hindu
Unitarian Universal |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 92–93
[29]: 1:1028–30, 93
[30]
|
Brahmoism (Brahmo Dharma) |
Debendranath Tagore |
1848/1850 |
Neo-Hindu
Unitarian Universal |
[30]: 43–57
|
Branch Davidians |
Benjamin Roden |
1930 |
Seventh-day Adventist
Shepherd's Rod |
[Melton 2003]: 617
[Chryssides 2001]: 59
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 38
|
Branhamism |
William M. Branham |
1951 |
Pentecostal |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 37–40
|
Breatharians
a.k.a. Inedia |
Wiley Brooks |
1970s |
Hindu-influenced |
[Chryssides 2001]: 60–61
[31]: 30
|
The Brethren (Jim Roberts group),
a.k.a. The Body of Christ and The Garbage Eaters |
Jimmie T. Roberts |
1970, circa |
Unclassified
Christian Churches |
[Melton 2003]: 1131–1132
|
British Israelism,
a.k.a. Anglo-Israelism |
|
1870s |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 61–62
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 39–40
|
Bruderhof,
a.k.a. the
Hutterian Brethren and Hutterian Society of Brothers |
Eberhard Arnold |
1920, circa |
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 709
[Chryssides 2001]: 63–64
[32]: 709
|
Brunstad Christian Church |
Johan Oscar Smith |
1905 |
Evangelical
Non-denominational Christian |
[33]
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 269–270
[33]
|
Builders of the Adytum |
Paul Foster Case |
1922 |
Ritual magic |
[Melton 2003]: 891
[Chryssides 2001]: 67–68
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 41–42
|
Burkhanism or Ak Jang |
Chet Chelpan; Chugul Sarok Chandyk |
1904 |
Altaian
Millenarian-
Indigenist
Tengrist |
[34]
|
Cao Dai,
a.k.a. Dai Dao Tam Ky Pho Do |
Ngô Văn Chiêu,
Lê Văn Trung |
1919 |
Syncretistic Vietnamese
Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 61
[Chryssides 2001]: 69–70
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 44
|
Cargo cults |
|
1885 |
Syncretistic
Millenarian-
Indigenist |
[Chryssides 2001]: 70
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 62
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 45
|
Carlebach movement |
Shlomo Carlebach |
1960s, late |
Neo-Hasidic
Rabbinic Judaism |
[29]: 7:4868–74
|
Celestial Church of Christ |
Samuel Oshoffa |
1947 |
Indigenist
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 64
[Chryssides 2001]: 73
|
The Centers Network |
|
1981 |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 73–74
|
Chabad,
a.k.a. Chabad-Lubavitch |
Shneur Zalman of Liadi |
1775 |
Hasidic
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 70
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 206,368
|
Charismatic Movement,
a.k.a. neo-Pentecostalism |
|
1950s/1960s |
Charismatic Christian |
[Clarke 2006]: 106–108
[35]
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 70
[Chryssides 2001]: 78
|
Chen Tao,
a.k.a. God's Salvation Church and God Saves the Earth Flying Saucer Foundation |
Hon-Ming Chen |
1955 |
UFO religion |
[Chryssides 2001]: 78–79
[36]
|
Cheondoism,
a.k.a.
Chendogyo |
Choe Je-u |
1905 |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 80–81
|
Cherubim and Seraphim,
a.k.a.
Sacred Cherubim and Seraphim Society and
Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim |
Moses Orimolade Tunolase |
1925, circa |
African
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 65
[Chryssides 2001]: 79
|
Children of Thunder |
Glenn Taylor Helzer |
2000 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[37]
|
Christ Apostolic Church |
Joseph Ayo Babalola |
1941 |
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 479
[Chryssides 2001]: 82–83
|
Christadelphians,
a.k.a.
Thomasites |
John Thomas |
1844 |
Baptist family
Restorationism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 81–82
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 48
[Melton 2003]: 107
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 50
|
The Christian Community,
a.k.a. the
Christian Community Church and
Christengemeinschaft |
Rudolf Steiner
Friedrich Rittelmeyer |
1922 |
Anthroposophy |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 70
[Chryssides 2001]: 83
|
Christian Identity,
a.k.a. the Identity Movement |
1870s |
1940s |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 652
[38]: 48
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 138
[Chryssides 2001]: 84
[Clarke 2006]: 291–92
[39]: 387
|
Christian Reformed Church in North America |
Gijsbert Haan |
1857 |
Reformed
Presbyterian |
[Melton 2003]: 365
[Chryssides 2001]: 86
|
Christian Science |
Mary Baker Eddy |
1876 |
Christian
Faith healing
New Thought |
[Chryssides 2001]: 86–87.
[Melton 2003]: 741
[40]
|
Christian World Liberation Front,
a.k.a. the
Spiritual Counterfeits Project |
Jack Sparks, Fred Dyson, Pat Matrisciana |
1969 |
Christian Fundamentalist-
Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 76
[Chryssides 2001]: 87–88
|
Church of All Worlds |
Tim Zell, Lance Christie |
1962 |
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 909
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 58
[Chryssides 2001]: 88–89
|
Church of Aphrodite (defunct) |
Gleb Botkin |
1939 |
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 911
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 58
|
Church of Bible Understanding |
Stewart Traill |
1971 |
Adventist
Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 79
[Chryssides 2001]: 89–90
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 59
|
Church of Euthanasia |
Chris Korda, Robert Kimberk |
1992 |
Parody Religion |
[41]
|
Church of Daniel's Band |
|
1893 |
Non-
Episcopal
Methodism |
[Melton 2003]: 395
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 61
|
Church of Divine Science |
Malinda Cramer |
1888 |
New Thought
Faith healing |
[Miller 1995]: 326
|
Church of God in Christ |
Charles H. Mason |
1908 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 85
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62
|
The Church of God (Jerusalem Acres) |
Grady R. Kent |
1957 |
White
Trinitarian
Holiness
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 437
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62
|
Church of God Mountain Assembly |
J.H. Parks, Steve N. Bryant, Tom Moses, and William O. Douglas |
1906 |
White
Trinitarian
Holiness
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 437
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 63, 65
|
Church of God of Prophecy |
Ambrose Tomlinson |
1903 |
White
Trinitarian
Holiness
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 438
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 62–63
|
Church of God with Signs Following |
George Went Hensley |
1920s |
Holiness
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 489
[Chryssides 2006]: 300–301
|
Church of Israel |
Dan Gayman |
1974 |
British Israelism |
[Melton 2003]: 653
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 65
|
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
Joseph Smith |
1830 |
Latter-day Saint Movement-
Millenarian |
|
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) |
Joseph Smith
James Strang |
1844 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[42]
|
The Church of Light |
C.C. Zain |
1932 |
neo-
Hermetism |
[Lewis 1998]: 210–211
[43]: 105–106
|
Church of Satan |
Anton LaVey |
1966 |
Satanism |
[Clarke 2006]: 508–509
[Chryssides 2001]: 91–92
[Miller 1995]: 401–410
|
Church of the SubGenius |
J.R. "Bob" Dobbs |
1979 |
Parody |
|
Church of the Creator |
Rev. Dr. Grace Marama URI |
1969 |
Liberal family |
[Melton 2003]: 668
|
Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster or
Pastafarianism |
Bobby Henderson |
2005 |
Parody |
[44]
[45]
|
Church of the Living Word, also known as The Walk |
John Robert Stevens |
1954 |
Fundamentalist
Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 386
[Chryssides 2001]: 92–93
|
Church of the Lord (Aladura) |
Josiah Ositelu |
1930 |
Pentecostal Family |
[Melton 2003]: 517
[Chryssides 2001]: 93
|
Church of World Messianity |
Mokichi Okada |
1934 |
Shinto
Faith healing |
[Melton 2003]: 1120
[Chryssides 2001]: 94
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 94, 371
|
Church Universal and Triumphant |
Mark Prophet,
Elizabeth Clare (Wolf) Prophet |
1958 |
Theosophical
Occult |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 97
[Chryssides 2001]: 94–95
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Collegiate Association for the Research of Principles, also known as CARP |
Sun Myung Moon |
1955 |
Unification Church |
[46]
[Chryssides 2001]: 71
[47]
|
Commandment Keepers: Holy Church of the Living God |
Arnold Josiah Ford |
1924 |
Black Judaism |
[Melton 2003]: 951
[Lewis 1998]: 180
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 74
|
Community Chapel and Bible Training Center |
Donald Lee Barnett |
1967 |
Latter Rain
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 496
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 75
|
Concerned Christians |
Monte Kim Miller |
1980s |
|
[Chryssides 2001]: 96
[48]
|
Conservative Judaism |
Sabato Morais,
Marcus Jastrow,
H. Pereira Mendes |
1887 |
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Melton 2003]: 943
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 76
[Chryssides 2001]: 97
|
Core Shamanism, The Foundation for Shamanic Studies |
Michael Harner |
1980 |
Neoshamanism |
[Clarke 2006]: 580
[49]
|
Covenant of the Goddess |
merger |
1975 |
Goddess
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 915
[Chryssides 2001]: 48–49
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 98
|
Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans |
Margot Adler |
1987 |
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 915
[Chryssides 2001]: 99
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 99
|
The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord |
James D. Ellison |
1970s, mid |
British Israelism |
[Chryssides 2001]: 99–100
[Melton 2003]: 654
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 78
|
Creativity |
Ben Klassen |
1970s, early |
Pantheism
Agnostic Atheism
White Racialism. |
[50]
|
Crossroads Movement |
|
1970s |
|
[Chryssides 2006]: 100
[Chryssides 2001]: 100
|
Cyberchurches |
|
2000s, early |
Non-denominational Christian |
[Chryssides 2001]: 103
|
Dalit Buddhist Movement, also known as the Neo-Buddhist movement or Navayana Buddhist movement |
B. R. Ambedkar |
1956 |
Neo-Buddhism (
Navayana) |
|
Dances of Universal Peace |
Samuel L. Lewis |
1968 |
|
[51]
|
Dianic Wicca |
merger |
1971 |
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 916
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 84
|
Discordianism |
Greg Hill,
Kerry Wendell Thornley |
1963 |
Absurdism,
Greek Mythology |
[52]
|
Eastern Lightning,
a.k.a. the Church of Almighty God |
Yang Xiangbin, Zhao Weishan |
1991 |
Chinese house churches |
[53]: 97
[54]: 71
[55]: 96
[53]
[54]: 1
|
Eckankar or ECK |
Paul Twitchell |
1965/1971 |
Derived from
Radha Soami but denies connection |
[Clarke 2006]: 178–79
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 144–146, 384
[Melton 2003]: 1056, 144, 384, 144, 508
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 91
|
Efficacious Spirit Teachings,
a.k.a. Spirit Church and The Lingling Sect |
Hua Xuehe |
1986 |
Pentecostalism |
[56]: 43
[57]: 123
[56]: 42
[58]: 43
|
Elan Vital, formerly
Divine Light Mission |
Hans Ji Maharaj |
1920s |
Derived from
Sant Mat but denies connection |
[Melton 2003]: 1055
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 384
[Clarke 2006]: 508
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 85–86, 167
[28]: 126
[59]: 156
|
Emin |
Raymond Armin |
1971 |
New Age |
|
End Time Survivors
Jesus Christians |
David McKay |
1981 |
Fundamentalist
Millennialism |
[60]
[61]
|
Esoteric Nazism |
|
1940s, late |
Occult
Western esotericism |
[13]
[62]: 17
|
Est (
Erhard Seminars Training) |
Werner Erhard |
1981 |
Human Potential Movement
Self religions |
[63]
[64]: 193
[65]
[66]: 167, 171–172
[5]: 35
[67]
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 108, 107–108
[1]: 44
[28]: 126–127
|
Evangelical Association of the Israelite Mission of the New Universal Covenant |
Ezequiel Ataucusi Gamonal |
1968 |
Syncretistic
Messianic Judaism-
Indigenous |
[68]
|
Evangelical Methodist Church |
J.H. Hamblen |
1946 |
Non-
Episcopal
Methodist |
[Melton 2003]: 396
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 97
|
Falun Gong |
Li Hongzhi |
1992 |
Qigong movement |
[Melton 2003]: 1126
[69]
|
Family International, previously the Children of God, the Family of Love and the Family |
David Berg |
1968 |
Fundamentalist,
Jesus movement
countercultural
evangelical |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 133
[Clarke 2006]: 185
[70]
[28]: 126
[70]
|
Fellowship of Isis |
Olivia Robertson |
1976 |
Modern Pagan
Goddess |
[Melton 2003]: 888
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 103
|
Fellowships of the Remnant |
Denver Snuffer Jr. |
2013 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
|
Feraferia |
Frederick Adams |
1967 |
Modern Pagan
Goddess |
[71]
|
Findhorn Foundation |
Eileen Caddy,
Peter Caddy, Alexis Edwards, Roger Benson |
1963 |
Christian-
Anthroposophistical-
Rosicrucian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 138
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 104
|
Fire Baptized Holiness Church of God of the Americas |
W.E. Fuller |
1898 |
Black
Trinitarian
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 482
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 104
|
First Satanic Church |
Karla LaVey |
1997 |
Satanism |
[72]: 701
|
Followers of Christ |
Marion Reece (or Riess) |
1800s, late |
Unclassified
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 1137
[73]
|
Fourth Way |
George Gurdjieff |
1913–1916 |
Esoteric Esoteric
Sufism |
[Clarke 2006]: 245–47
[13]: 42
[Miller 1995]: 259–266
|
Fraternitas Rosae Crucis |
Paschal Beverly Randolph |
1858 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 843
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 108
|
Fraternity of the Inner Light |
Dion Fortune |
1924 |
neo-
Hermeticism
Esoteric Christianity |
[Clarke 2006]: 217–219
|
Freedomites |
|
1902 |
|
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 272
|
Friends of the Western Buddhist Order (FWBO), now
a.k.a.
Triratna Buddhist Community |
Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood) |
1967 |
Neo-Buddhism |
[74]
|
Fundamentalist Christianity |
|
1800s, late |
Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 113–114
|
Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints |
Lorin C. Woolley |
1929 |
Latter-day Saint Movement |
[75]
|
General Church of the New Jerusalem |
schism |
1890 |
Swedenborgianism |
[Melton 2003]: 763
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 117
|
The
Genesis II Church of Health and Healing |
Jim Humble |
2009/2010 |
UFO-
New Age inspired
Pseudoscience |
[76]
[77]
[78]
[79]
|
Gentle Wind Project |
John "Tubby" Miller and Mary "Moe" Miller |
1980 |
Spiritualism |
[80]
|
Ghost Dance |
|
1889 |
Native American religion |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 119
|
Global Peace Foundation |
Hyun Jin Moon |
2007 |
Unification Church |
[81]
[82]
|
Godianism,
a.k.a. Chiism |
K. O. K. Onyioha |
1949 |
African
Indigenist
Modern Pagan |
[Clarke 2006]: 242–43
|
Grail Movement |
Oskar Ernst Bernhardt |
1924 |
Syncretistic
Christian
New Age
Channeling |
[Melton 2003]: 786
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 122–123
|
Hanuman Foundation |
Richard Alpert (Ram Dass) |
1974/1980 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 51
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 178
[Melton 2003]: 1013
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 129
|
Happy Science (Kofuku-no-Kagaku) |
Ryuho Okawa |
1986 |
Japanese |
[83]
|
Heaven's Gate formerly Human Individual Metamorphosis and Total Overcomers Anonymous |
Marshall Herff Applewhite,
Bonnie Lu Nettles |
1973 |
Syncretistic
Christian
New Age
UFO religion |
[84]
[85]: 17
[84]
[86]: 71
|
Hikari no Wa |
Fumihiro Joyu |
2007 |
Aum Shinrikyo |
[87]: 29
|
Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy |
Swami Rama |
1971 |
Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1014
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 183–184
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 133
|
House of Israel |
David Hill a.k.a. Rabbi Edward Washington |
1972 |
Black Hebrew Israelites |
[88]
|
Humanistic Judaism |
Sherwin Wine |
1965 |
Nontheistic
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Clarke 2006]: 288–89
|
Human Sacrifices Sect of Nacozari |
Silvia Meraz |
2009 |
Santa Muerte |
[89]
|
Huna |
Max Freedom Long |
1936 |
New Thought
New Age
Hawaiian religion |
[Lewis 1998]: 406–407
|
I AM Activity |
Guy Ballard,
Edna Anne Wheeler Ballard |
1930s, early |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 873
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 138
|
Iglesia ni Cristo |
Felix Manalo |
1913, formally 1914 |
Restorationism
Nontrinitarian
Fundamentalist |
[Clarke 2006]: 292–93
|
Isha Foundation |
Jaggi Vasudev |
1992 |
Hindu |
[90]
|
Indian Shaker Church |
John and Marry Slocum |
1881 |
Native American and
Christian |
|
Independent Fundamental Churches of America |
R. Lee Kirkland |
1922 |
Unaffiliated
Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 179
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 142
|
Insight Meditation Society |
Jack Kornfield,
Sharon Salzberg,
Joseph Goldstein |
1976 |
Theravada
Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1067
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 143
|
International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON),
a.k.a. Hare Krishna movement |
A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada |
1966 |
Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 199
|
International House of Prayer,
a.k.a. IHOP or IHOPKC |
Mike Bickle |
1999 |
Charismatic Movement Post-tribulational Historic premillennialism |
|
International Church of the Foursquare Gospel |
Aimee Semple McPherson |
1923 |
White
Trinitarian
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 451
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 108
|
International Community of Christ,
a.k.a. Church of the Second Advent (CSA) and Jamilians |
Eugene Douglas Savoy |
1972 |
New Age |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 139
|
Iriadamant |
Pierre Doris Maltais |
1973 |
Animism
Native American religions
Spiritual ecology |
[91]
|
ISKCON Revival Movement (IRM) |
? |
2000 |
Neo-Hindu
ISKCON |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 199–200, 78
|
Ivanovism (the Ivanovites) |
Porfiry Ivanov |
1933 |
Syncretistic
Modern Pagan
Slavic Native Faith |
[92]: 128–145
|
Jediism |
|
2000s |
Star Wars-inspired
New Age |
[93]: 62
[93]: 62
|
Jehovah's Witnesses |
Charles Taze Russell |
1870 |
Adventist
Bible Students
Nontrinitarian |
[Melton 2003]: 637
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 150, 152–153
|
Jesus Army,
a.k.a. "Jesus Fellowship Church" and "Bugbrooke Jesus Fellowship" |
Noel Stanton |
1977 |
Fundamentalist
Communal |
[10]: 149–163
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 153
|
Jesus Movement |
|
1960s, late |
Fundamentalist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 196
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 153
[94]
|
Jewish Renewal |
Zalman Schachter-Shalomi |
1970s, mid |
Neo-Hasidic
Rabbinic Judaism
Syncretistic |
[29]: 7:4868–74
|
Jews for Jesus |
Moishe Rosen |
1970 |
Fundamentalist
Messianic Judaism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 197
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 155
|
John Frum |
|
1936 |
Syncretistic
Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 197
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 155
|
Joy of Satan Ministries |
Andrea Maxine Dietrich |
2002 |
Satanism
Theism |
[95]: 448
|
Kabbalah Centre |
Philip Berg |
1970s |
Kabbalist
New Age |
[Clarke 2006]: 322–23
|
Kalki cult,
a.k.a. Oneness Movement and
Oneness University |
Kalki Bhagawan (Vijay Kumar Naidu) |
1989 |
Indian religions-inspired
New Age
Neo-Hindu
2012 phenomenon-inspired |
[96]
[97]
|
Karma Triyana Dharmachakra |
the 16th
Gyalwa Karmapa |
1976 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1108
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 157–158.
|
Kemetic Orthodoxy |
Tamara Siuda |
1988 |
Modern Pagan
Polytheistic reconstructionism
Kemetic |
[98]
|
Kerista |
John Presmont |
1956 |
Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 730
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 158
|
Kopimism |
Isak Gerson |
2012 |
Internet religion |
|
Konkokyo |
Bunjirō Kawate [
ja] |
1859 |
Japanese
Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1122
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 161
|
Krishnamurti Foundations |
Jiddu Krishnamurti |
1928 |
Neo-Theosophical
Universalism |
[99]
|
Kripalu Center (Kirpalu) |
Amrit Desai |
1966 |
Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1019
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 161
|
Lama Foundation |
Steve Durkee |
1967 |
Communal |
[Melton 2003]: 731
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 164
|
Latter Day Saint movement (
Mormonism) |
Joseph Smith |
1830 |
Christian restorationism |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 187
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 190, 192
|
Latter Rain Movement |
George Hawtin, Percy Hunt |
1946 |
Millenarian
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 209
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165
|
Laymen's Home Missionary Movement |
Paul S. L. Johnson |
1920, circa |
Adventist
Bible Students |
[Melton 2003]: 639
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165
|
Lectorium Rosicrucianum |
Jan van Rijckenborgh; Zwier Willem Leene;
Catharose de Petri |
1924 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Clarke 2006]: 338–339
[Melton 2003]: 844
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 165–166
|
The Living Word Fellowship |
John Robert Stevens |
1951 |
Latter Rain
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 506
[100]
|
Local Church movement |
Ni Shu-tsu (
Watchman Nee) |
1920s |
Independent
Fundamentalist Other Bible Students |
[Melton 2003]: 609–610
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 169, 171
|
Love Family,
a.k.a. the
Church of Jesus Christ at Armageddon and
Love Israel |
Paul Erdman |
1969 |
Communal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 216
[Chryssides 2001]: 90–91
|
Love Has Won |
Amy Carlson |
2005, circa |
New Age |
[101]
[102]
|
Lucis Trust |
Alice A. Bailey |
1923 |
Neo-Theosophical |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 217
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 172–173
|
Lumpa Church |
Alice Lenshina |
1953 |
African initiated church |
[103]
|
Mahikari |
Kotama Okada |
1959 |
Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1123
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 176
|
Makasol (Wind Nation),
a.k.a. Paliau movement |
Paliau Maloat |
1970s, circa |
Papuan
Indigenist
Millenarian
countercultural |
[Clarke 2006]: 482–85
|
Manson Family |
Charles Manson |
1967 |
Millenarianism |
[104]
|
Maranatha Campus Ministries |
Bob Weiner |
1972 |
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 223
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 178
|
Martinus' Spiritual Science |
Martinus Thomsen |
1932 |
Esoteric |
[105]
[106]
[107]
|
Mata Amritanandamayi Math |
Mata Amritanandamayi |
1981 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Clarke 2006]: 31–32
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 26–27
|
Mazdaznan |
Otoman Zar-Adusht Ha'nish |
1902 |
Zoroastrianism |
[Melton 2003]: 991
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 181
|
Meher Baba followers |
Merwan Sheriar Irani |
1921 |
Hindu-inspired |
[Melton 2003]: 991
[59]
|
Messianic Judaism |
|
1960s |
Judeo-Christian |
[Clarke 2006]: 397–99, 399
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 184
|
Million Man March |
Louis Farrakhan |
1995 |
Nation of Islam |
[108]: 245
|
Mita Congregation |
Juanita García Peraza |
1940 |
Deliverance
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 462
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186
|
Modekngei (Ngara Modekngei) |
Tamadad from Chol |
1915, circa |
Syncretistic
Christian-
Indigenous |
[109]
|
Monastic Order of Avallon |
Henri Hillion de Coatmoc'han |
1972 |
Modern Pagan |
[110]
|
Moody Church |
Dwight L. Moody |
1864 |
Fundamentalist
Evangelical |
[Melton 2003]: 602
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186
|
Moorish Science Temple of America |
Timothy Drew |
1925 |
Black Islam |
[Melton 2003]: 988
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 186, 188
|
Moral Re-Armament |
Frank N. D. Buchman |
1921 |
|
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 233
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 188, 190
|
Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God |
Credonia Mwerinde,
Joseph Kibweteere |
1989 |
Catholicism |
[111]: 209
[111]: 203
[111]: 213, 206
|
Movement of Spiritual Inner Awareness |
John-Roger Hinkins |
1971 |
Syncretistic
Sant Mat and
Eckankar-influenced |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 384
[Clarke 2006]: 412, 412–14
[Melton 2003]: 1054
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 194
|
Namdhari |
Balak Singh |
1800s, mid |
Sikh |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 243
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 196
|
Narcosatánicos |
Adolfo Constanzo |
1985 |
Palo |
[112]
|
Nation of Islam |
Elijah Muhammad |
1930s, mid |
Black Islam
UFO religion |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 245
[113]
|
Nation of Yahweh |
Hulon Mitchell, Jr. |
1970s |
Black Judaism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 200
[Melton 2003]: 952–953
[114]: 217
|
National Spiritualist Association of Churches |
Harrison D Barrett, James M. Peebles,
Cora L. Richmond |
1893 |
Spiritualism |
[Melton 2003]: 772
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 197
|
Native American Church,
a.k.a. Peyotism |
|
1906 |
Native American religion
Indigenist
Entheogen Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 809
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 202
|
Native Ukrainian National Faith,
a.k.a. RUNVira or Sylenkoism |
Lev Sylenko |
1960s, mid |
Modern Pagan
Slavic Native Faith |
[92]: 130
|
Neo-charismatic movement |
|
1980s, early |
Charismatic Christian
Nondenominational Christian |
[35]: 286–87
|
Neo-Hinduism or Reform Hinduism |
|
1830, circa |
Hindu |
[Clarke 2006]: 435–36
|
New Acropolis (Nouvelle Acropole) |
Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi |
1957 |
Neo-Theosophical
Western esotericism |
[Clarke 2006]: 441–442
[115]: 217
|
New Apostolic Church |
Heinrich Geyer |
1863 |
Catholic Apostolic Church Unclassified
Christian Churches |
[Melton 2003]: 1139
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 205
|
New Kadampa Tradition |
Geshe Kelsang Gyatso |
1970s, mid |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1112
[116]: 310–311
|
The New Message from God |
Marshall Vian Summers |
1992 |
UFO religion |
[117]
[118]
|
New Reformed Orthodox Order of the Golden Dawn |
|
1969 |
Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn
Witchcraft
Modern Pagan |
[Melton 2003]: 923
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 207
|
New Thought |
Phineas Parkhurst Quimby |
1800s, mid |
Metaphysical
Faith healing |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 258
[Miller 1995]: 325–330
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 208
|
Noahidism |
|
1990s |
Orthodox Judaism-inspired |
[119]
[120]
[121]: 115
|
Nuwaubian Nation or United Nuwaubian Nation of Moors
|
Dwight York
|
1967
|
UFO religion,
New Age,
Christian,
Jewish,
Black supremacist
|
[122]
[123]
|
Oahspe Faithists |
John Ballou Newbrough |
1882 |
UFO religion |
[124]
|
Odinism |
Orestes Brownson |
1848 |
Modern Pagan |
[125]
|
Oneida Community |
John Humphrey Noyes |
1848 |
Perfectionism |
[126]
|
Oomoto |
Mrs.
Nao Deguchi |
1899 |
Japanese
Shinto-
Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 266
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 216
|
Open Bible Standard Churches |
merger |
1935 |
White
Trinitarian
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 454
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 217
|
Opus Dei: 251 |
Saint Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer |
1928 |
Roman Catholic |
[127]
[128]: 251
[129]
[130]: 3, 122–123
[Clarke 2006]: 427–428
[28]: 126, 470–71
[131]
|
Order of the Solar Temple |
Joseph Di Mambro,
Luc Jouret |
1984 |
Rosicrucian |
[111]: 130
[111]: 125
[111]
|
Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.) |
Carl Kellner;
Theodor Reuss |
1895/1906 |
Western esotericism Neo-
Hermetism
Thelema |
[Clarke 2006]: 430
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 270
|
Pentecostal Church of God |
|
1919 |
Pentecostal |
[35]
[16]: 109
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 225
|
Pentecostalism |
|
1900s |
Charismatic Christian |
[35]
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 224–25
|
People Unlimited, also known as Eternal Flame Foundation, People Forever, and CBJ |
Charles Paul Brown, Bernadeane Brown, James Russell Strole |
1982 |
Immortalism, Christianity |
[Lewis 1998]: 95–96
[132]
|
Peoples Temple |
Jim Jones |
1955 |
Psychic-
New Age |
[Melton 2003]: 832
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 226
[133]
|
Philosophical Research Society |
Manly Palmer Hall |
1934 |
Occult |
[Melton 2003]: 849
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 228
|
Pilgrims of Arès |
Michel Potay |
1974 |
|
[134]
|
Plymouth Brethren |
John Nelson Darby |
1830 |
evangelical
Millenarian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 281
[Chryssides 2001]: 61
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 228–229
|
Potter's House also known as Christian Fellowship Ministries (CFM), The Door, Victory Chapel, Christian Center, Crossroads Chapel, etc. |
Wayman Mitchell |
1970 |
Pentecostal |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 51–52
|
The Process Church of the Final Judgment |
Mary Ann MacLean and
Robert de Grimston |
1963 |
Satanism |
[135]: 329
|
Quiverfull
|
Mary Pride
|
1985
|
Christian Natalism
|
[136]
|
Radha Soami, also Radhasoami Movement or
Sant Mat movement |
Shiv Dayal Singh |
1861 |
Sikh-derived or
Syncretistic
Sikh-
Hindu or
Sant Mat-inspired |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 344–45, 344–45, 383–84
[Clarke 2006]: 507
[Melton 2003]: 1059, 507–509
|
Radha Soami Satsang Beas |
Baba Jaimal Singh |
1891 |
Sant Mat
Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345
[Melton 2003]: 1059
[Clarke 2006]: 508
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234
|
Radha Soami Satsang Dayalbagh |
Kamta Prasad Sinha |
1907 |
Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 344–45
|
Raëlism,
a.k.a. Raëlian Church |
Claude Vorilhon (Rael) |
1973/1974 |
UFO religion |
[Melton 2003]: 806
[Clarke 2006]: 509–10
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234
|
Rainbow Family,
a.k.a. Rainbow Coalition |
Barry Adams or Jesse Jackson |
1960s, late |
Communal
Afro-American |
[Melton 2003]: 732
[Clarke 2006]: 511–12
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 234, 236
|
Rajneesh movement,
a.k.a. Osho movement |
Rajneesh Chandra Mohan |
1966 |
Indian religions-inspired
Syncretistic |
[Clarke 2006]: 512–14
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345–46
[Melton 2003]: 1051
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 236, 238
|
Ramakrishna Mission,
a.k.a. Ramakrishna movement or
Vedanta Society |
Swami Vivekananda |
1897 |
Neo-Hindu
Neo-Vedanta |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 314
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 483–84
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 382
[137]: 57–58
|
Ramtha's School of Enlightenment |
J. Z. Knight |
1977 |
New Age |
[138]
[139]
[140]
|
Rastafari |
Leonard Howell,
Joseph Hibbert,
Archibald Dunkley, Robert Hinds |
1920s/1935 |
Jewish and
Christian-influenced Afro-centric |
[Melton 2003]: 954
[Clarke 2006]: 518–20
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 241,243
[141]
|
Reconstructionist Judaism |
Mordecai Kaplan |
1922 |
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Clarke 2006]: 523–25
|
Reform Judaism,
a.k.a. Progressive or Liberal Judaism |
Isaac Harby;
Isaac M. Wise; others |
1820s |
Rabbinic Judaism |
[Clarke 2006]: 525–26
|
Reformed Druids of North America |
|
1960s |
Modern Pagan |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 299
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 244
|
Reiki, also Usui Shiko Ryoho System of Healing |
Mikao Usui |
1922 |
Energy medicine
Japanese Buddhism |
[Clarke 2006]: 528–529
|
Religious Science |
Ernest Holmes |
1948 |
New Thought |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 301
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 245–246
|
Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism |
Vladimir Megre |
1997 |
Syncretistic
Modern Pagan
Slavic Native Faith |
[95]: 442
|
Risshō Kōsei Kai |
Nikkyo Niwano,
Myoko Naganuma |
1938 |
Nichiren Buddhist |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 248
[142]
|
The
Rosicrucian Fellowship |
Carl Louis von Grasshof |
1909 |
Rosicrucianism |
[Melton 2003]: 845
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 249
|
Ruhani Satsang,
a.k.a. Kirpal Light Satsang |
Kirpal Singh |
1948 |
Radha Soami |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 345
[Clarke 2006]: 508
|
Sacred Name Movement |
Clarence Orvil Dodd |
1930s |
Judeo-Christian (
Judaizers)
Nontrinitarian
Church of God (Seventh-Day) |
[Clarke 2006]: 543
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 251
|
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj |
Anandamohan Bose, Sivanath Sastri, Umesh Chandra Dutta |
1878 |
Brahmoism |
[30]: 43–57
|
Sahaja Yoga |
Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi |
1970 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1029
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 373–74
[143]
|
Saiva Siddhanta Church |
Subramuniy |
1957 |
Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 376–77
[Melton 2003]: 1029
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 251
|
The Salvation Army |
William Booth |
1865 |
Holiness movement |
[Melton 2003]: 419
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 252, 254
|
Saminism, Samin movement: 207–240 |
Samin Surosentiko |
1889 |
Abrahamic religions
Indigenist |
[144]: 103
[145]: 207
|
Sant Nirankari Mission |
Baba Buta Singh Ji |
1929, formally 1947 |
Sikh
Nirankari |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 313
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 210
|
Santa Muerte Cult |
|
1940s, late (or earlier)
[146] |
Syncretic
Folk Catholic |
[147]
|
Sathya Sai Baba movement or Sai Baba movement |
Sathya Sai Baba |
1950 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 389–90, 389
[Clarke 2006]: 545–47
|
Science of Identity Foundation (SIF) |
Chris Butler alias Jagad Guru Siddhaswarupananda |
1977 |
Neo-Hindu
ISKCON |
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 411–12
|
Scientology |
L. Ron Hubbard |
1955 |
UFO-
Psychic
New Age |
[148]
[149]
[Melton 2003]: 816
[Miller 1995]: 385–392
[28]: 126
[150]
|
Sekta Niebo |
Bogdana Kacmajora |
1990 |
Christian |
[151]
|
Seicho-no-Ie |
Masaharu Taniguchi,
Fenwicke Holmes |
1930 |
Japanese
Religious Science-
Shinto |
[83]
[Clarke 2006]: 568–569
|
Self-Realization Fellowship |
Paramahansa Yogananda |
1935 |
Neo-Hindu |
[Melton 2003]: 1031
[Jones & Ryan 2007]: 392–94
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 261
|
Semitic Neopaganism |
Raphael Patai |
1960s |
Modern Pagan
Polytheistic reconstructionism
Feminism |
[152]
|
Seventh-day Adventist Church |
Ellen G. White;
Joseph Bates |
1860 |
Adventist
Millerite
Seventh-day Sabbatarian |
[Melton 2003]: 621
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 262
|
Seventh-day Adventist Reform Movement |
schism |
1925 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[Melton 2003]: 622–623
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 262–263
|
Shakers |
Ann Lee |
1750s |
Communal—Before 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 724
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 263, 265
|
Shengdao,
a.k.a. Tongshanshe |
Peng Tairong (Ruzun) |
1900s, early |
Chinese salvationist |
[153]: 685
|
Shepherd's Rod,
a.k.a. the Davidians, officially, the Davidian Seventh-day Adventist Association |
Victor T. Houteff |
1935 |
Seventh-day Adventist |
[Melton 2003]: 619
[Lewis 1998]: 189
|
Shiloh Youth Revival Centers |
John J. Higgins, Jr. |
1969 |
Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 734
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266
|
Shinji Shumeikai,
a.k.a. Shumei |
Mihoko Koyama |
1970 |
Church of World Messianity
Faith healing |
[83]
|
Shinnyo-en |
Shinjo Ito, Tomoji Ito |
1936 |
Japanese
Japanese Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1081
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266–267
|
Shinreikyo |
Kanichi Otsuka |
1950, circa |
Japanese
Shinto
Syncretistic |
[Melton 2003]: 1123
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 266
|
Shouters |
Li Changshou |
1965 |
Christianity |
[56]: 45
[56]
|
Shri Ram Chandra Mission |
Shri Ram Chandraji Maharaj |
1945 |
Hindu |
[154]
|
Slavic Native Faith,
a.k.a. Rodnovery or Slavic Neopaganism |
Władysław Kołodziej,
Jan Stachniuk |
1920–30s |
Modern Pagan
Polytheistic reconstructionism |
[92]: 112–127
[155]
|
Slavic-Hill Rodnovery |
Aleksandr Belov |
1980s |
Modern Pagan
Slavic Native Faith |
[155]: 39
|
Soka Gakkai International |
Tsunesaburo Makiguchi |
1930 |
Japanese
Nichiren Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1082
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 271
[156]
|
Spiritualism |
Kate and Margaret Fox |
1848 |
Psychic-
Mediumship
Metaphysical |
[Miller 1995]: 331–338
[157]: 248
|
Subud (Susila Budhi Dharma) |
Muhammed Subuh |
1933 |
Kejawèn neo-
Sufism |
[Clarke 2006]: 607–608
[Miller 1995]: 267–274
[144]: 101
[Melton 2003]: 981
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 279
|
Sufi Ruhaniat International |
Samuel L. Lewis |
1968 |
neo-
Sufism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 342
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 279
|
Sukyo Mahikari |
Sekiguchi Sakae |
1978 |
Japanese
Mahikari
Syncretistic |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 344
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Summum |
Claude Rex Nowell |
1975 |
Unclassified
Christian Churches |
[Melton 2003]: 1141
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 281
|
Syntheism |
Alexander Bard |
2012 |
Pantheist
Humanist
Netocratic |
[158]
|
The Satanic Temple |
Lucien Greaves, Malcolm Jarry |
2012 |
Satanism
Nontheistic |
[159]
[160]
[161]
[162]
[163]
|
Tenrikyo |
Miki Nakayama |
1838 |
Japanese
Shinto |
[Melton 2003]: 1124
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 287–288
|
Tensegrity |
Carlos Castaneda |
1995 |
Neoshamanism
New Age |
[49]
[Clarke 2006]: 581
|
Terasem |
Martine Rothblatt |
2004 |
Transhumanism |
[164]
|
The Family,
a.k.a. Santiniketan Park Association & Great White Brotherhood |
Anne Hamilton-Byrne |
1963 |
New Age |
[165]
|
Thelema,
a.k.a. the
A∴A∴ order |
Aleister Crowley |
1900s, early |
Occult neo-
Hermetism
Western esotericism |
[13]: 41–42
|
Theosophy or
Theosophical Society,
a.k.a. 1882 as
Theosophical Society Adyar |
Helena Petrovna Blavatsky,
Henry Steel Olcott,
William Quan Judge |
1875 |
Occult
Eastern and
Western esotericism |
[13]: 40–41
[166]
[Clarke 2006]: 624–625
[Miller 1995]: 315–324
[166]
|
Theosophical Society Pasadena |
William Quan Judge |
1895 |
Theosophical |
[166]: blz. 427
[Miller 1995]: 315–324
|
Tolstoyan primitivism |
Leo Tolstoy |
1901 |
Christian anarchism
Pacifism |
[167]: 672
[167]: 672
|
Toronto Blessing |
Randy Clark |
1994 |
Pentecostal |
[10]: 122–123
[168]
|
Transcendental Meditation (TM) |
Maharishi Mahesh Yogi |
1958 |
Neo-Hindu-inspired |
[Melton 2003]: 1045
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 292–293, 295–296
|
Triratna Buddhist Community (formerly FWBO) |
Sangharakshita (Dennis Lingwood) |
1967 |
Neo-Buddhism |
[74]
|
True Buddha School |
Lu Sheng-yen |
1980s, late |
Tibetan Buddhism
Taoism |
[169]
|
True Russian Orthodox Church |
Pyotr Kuznetsov |
2007 |
Russian Orthodoxy
Apocalypticism |
[170]
|
Twelve Tribes |
Gene and Marsha Spriggs |
1972 |
Messianic Jewish
Communal—After 1960 |
[Melton 2003]: 737
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 212, 334–335
|
Two by Twos,
a.k.a. Cooneyites, Christian Conventions, the Workers and Friends, the Truth, etc. |
|
1897 |
Independent
fundamentalist family |
[Melton 2003]: 611
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 298
[Chryssides 2001]: 330
[171]
|
Umbanda |
Zélio Fernandino de Moraes |
1920 |
Spiritism |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 299
[172]
|
Unarius Academy of Science |
Ernest Norman,
Ruth Norman |
1954 |
UFO Religion |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 300, 302–303
|
Unification Church, also known as the
Moonies |
Sun Myung Moon |
1954 |
Syncretistic
Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 365
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 300, 302–303
|
Unitarian Universalism |
consolidation |
1961 |
Unitarian Universalism |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 308–310
[Chryssides 2006]: 335
|
United Holy Church of America |
Isaac Cheshier |
1900 |
Black
Trinitarian
Pentecostal |
[Melton 2003]: 487
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 304
|
United House of Prayer for All People |
Marcelino Manoel de Graca |
1925 |
African American
Pentecostal |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 371
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 304–305
|
United Israel World Union |
David Horowitz |
1944 |
Other
Jewish Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 959
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 305
|
United Lodge of Theosophists |
Robert Crosbie |
1909 |
Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 855
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 305
|
United Pentecostal Church International |
merger |
1945 |
Apostolic
Pentecostals |
[Melton 2003]: 476
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 287–306
|
Unity Church |
Charles Fillmore and
Myrtle Fillmore |
1889/1903 |
New Thought-
Christian |
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 373
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 306–307
|
Universal Great Brotherhood |
Serge Raynaud de la Ferriere |
1940s, late |
Other
Theosophical Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 883
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 310
|
Universal Life Church |
Kirby Hensley |
1962 |
Liberal Family |
[Melton 2003]: 680
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 311
|
Universal White Brotherhood |
Peter Deunov |
1900 |
Other
Theosophical Groups
Esoteric Christianity |
[Melton 2003]: 880
[173]
|
Urantia Foundation |
William S. Sadler |
1934 |
UFO religion
Psychic
New Age Christian occultist |
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 319–322
[Melton 2003]: 839
[Beit-Hallahmi 1997]: 380
|
Vajradhatu |
Chögyam Trungpa |
1973 |
Tibetan Buddhism |
[Melton 2003]: 1115
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 313
|
Vale do Amanhecer |
Tia Neiva |
1959 |
Spiritualism |
[174]
|
Volunteers of America |
Ballington Booth,
Maud Booth |
1896 |
Holiness movement |
[Melton 2003]: 420
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 316
|
The Way International |
Victor Paul Wierwille |
1942 |
Independent
fundamentalist family |
[Melton 2003]: 608
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 318
|
The Way of the Livingness (Universal Medicine) |
Serge Benhayon |
1999 |
Neo-Theosophical and/or "Socially harmful cult". |
[175]
[176]
[177]
|
White Eagle Lodge |
Lady Elizabeth Carey |
1943 |
Other
Theosophical Groups |
[Melton 2003]: 884
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 319
|
Wicca |
Gerald Gardner |
1949, circa |
Modern Pagan
Witchcraft
Occult |
[13]: 55
[Nichols, Mather & Schmidt 2006]: 338
[Miller 1995]: 339–346
|
Wotansvolk |
David Lane |
1990s |
neo-völkisch paganism |
[178]
|
The Word Foundation |
Harold W. Percival |
1904, circa |
Theosophical |
[Melton 2003]: 856
[Beit-Hallahmi 1992]: 320
|
World Peace and Unification Sanctuary Church |
Hyung Jin Moon, Yeon Ah Lee Moon |
2015 |
Unification Church-based ultra-Orthodox/
Fundamentalism |
[179]
[180]
|
Yiguandao |
Wang Jueyi;
Chang Thien Ran |
1800s, late |
Chinese salvationist-
Millenarian |
[153]: 702–703
[Clarke 2006]
|