Chaturanga is played in its current form in
India (approximate date).
Yangdi, a
Sui emperor, extends the
Grand Canal. He reportedly assumes power by poisoning his father. Ma Shu-mou, aka Mahu, was one of the canal overseers and was said to have eaten a steamed 2-year-old child each day he worked on the canal. On completion the canal extended for 1,100 miles. 5.5 million people were pressed into service to complete the 1,550 mile canal.
Quill pens, made from the outer feathers of
crows and other large birds, became popular. The first books are printed in
China.
The oldest inscription in
Mon language dated from 600 AD. later found at Wat Phorang,
Thailand.
Mu becomes king of the Korean kingdom of
Baekje.[7]
The city of
Teotihuacan (Central
Mexico) begins to grow unstable, as they exhaust their resources until their inevitable collapse (possibly caused by the
Toltec) circa
700.
The Germanic peoples, due to the more abundant
food supply available, use the "moldboard"
plow, introduced by the Slavs in
Eastern Europe. The plow works the land with
horses and
oxen.[8]
Possibly the first reference to
chess is made in the
Persian work Karnamak-i-Artakhshatr-i-Papakan.
The
Lombards under King
Agilulf expand into
Northern Italy, establishing a settlement with the Franks and maintaining intermittent relationships with
Rome.
Food production increases in northern and Western Europe as a result of
agricultural technology introduced by the
Slavs, who employ a lightweight
plow with a knife blade (
coulter), that cuts deep into the soil at
grassroots level, together with a shaped board, or "moldboard", that moves the cut soil to one side.
Emperor
Maurice succeeds in winning over the
Avars to Byzantine rule, but his campaigns against the Avars,
Lombards, Persians and
Slavs drain the imperial treasury, requiring an increase in
taxes. He orders the troops to stay for winter beyond the
Danube, but a mutiny breaks out under
Phocas. He brings the Byzantine forces back over the Danube and marches on to
Constantinople.[11]
November 27 – A
civil war breaks out and Phocas enters Constantinople. Maurice is captured trying to escape; he is forced to witness the slaughter of his five sons and all his supporters, and is then executed (beheaded) after a 20-year reign. His wife,
Constantina, and his three daughters are spared, and sent to a
monastery. Phocas is proclaimed the new emperor of the
Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine–Persian War: King
Khosrau II launches an offensive against Constantinople, to avenge Maurice's death, his "friend and father", and tries to reconquer Byzantine territory.
Narses, governor of
Upper Mesopotamia, rebels against Phocas at the city of
Edessa and requests aid from the Persians. Khosrau sends an expeditionary force to
Armenia and crosses the
Euphrates.
Spring –
Witteric, counting on the support of the
nobles, attacks the royal
palace in
Toledo, and overthrows King
Liuva II. He cuts off his right hand, and has him executed. Witteric becomes the new king of the
Visigoths.[14]
The last mention of the
Roman Senate on the Italian mainland is made (according to the
Gregorian register). It mentions that the Senate has acclaimed new statues of Emperor
Phocas and Empress
Leontia.[15]
The
Avars regroup after they are almost destroyed; together with the
Slavs they start
pillaging through the
Byzantine provinces, west and south of the
Danube. Due to the new Persian war, Emperor
Phocas has few imperial troops available to defend the
Balkan Peninsula.[16]
August 13 – Emperor
Wéndi, age 63, is assassinated by his son
Yángdi, after a 23-year reign in which he has attacked hereditary privilege and reduced the power of the military
aristocracy. He is succeeded by Yángdi, who becomes the second emperor of the
Sui Dynasty.
As a result of a quarrel between the
Lakhmids (Southern
Iraq) and King
Khosrau II, the
Persian frontier with
Arabia is no longer guarded (approximate date).
Asia
Emperor
Yángdi orders the capital to be transferred from
Chang'an to
Luoyang. He begins the construction of the
Grand Canal, that will link existing
waterways to the new Chinese capital; it will be built by a million
laborers.
Yángdi is offended by his general
Gao Jiong, who makes several comments critical of the emperor's policies, against
Tujue submissive
Yami Qaghan. He is executed (
beheaded), and Gao's sons are
exiled to the border provinces (
Northern China).
Heraclius proclaims himself and his son as
consuls, claiming the imperial title—and mint coins with the two wearing the consular robes.[26]Syria and
Palaestina Prima revolt.
Sui dynastyEmperor Yang of Sui expresses the desire to control routes to the West, leading to two and a half centuries of Chinese military and trading activities in
Central Asia.
Emperor
Yángdi completes the
Grand Canal; it provides an unbroken inland ship
transport between the
Yellow and
Yangtze rivers. The
canal network is 1,776 km (1,400 miles) long—linking five river systems—and extends from
Beijing to the city of
Hangzhou.
^Geoffrey Hindley, A Brief History of the Anglo-Saxons: "The beginnings of the English nation" New York: Carrol & Graf Publishers (2006), p. 33–36.
ISBN978-0-7867-1738-5
^W.G. Aston, trans., Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, 2 vols. in 1 (London: Keagan and Co., 1896), vol. 2, p. 128–133
Chaturanga is played in its current form in
India (approximate date).
Yangdi, a
Sui emperor, extends the
Grand Canal. He reportedly assumes power by poisoning his father. Ma Shu-mou, aka Mahu, was one of the canal overseers and was said to have eaten a steamed 2-year-old child each day he worked on the canal. On completion the canal extended for 1,100 miles. 5.5 million people were pressed into service to complete the 1,550 mile canal.
Quill pens, made from the outer feathers of
crows and other large birds, became popular. The first books are printed in
China.
The oldest inscription in
Mon language dated from 600 AD. later found at Wat Phorang,
Thailand.
Mu becomes king of the Korean kingdom of
Baekje.[7]
The city of
Teotihuacan (Central
Mexico) begins to grow unstable, as they exhaust their resources until their inevitable collapse (possibly caused by the
Toltec) circa
700.
The Germanic peoples, due to the more abundant
food supply available, use the "moldboard"
plow, introduced by the Slavs in
Eastern Europe. The plow works the land with
horses and
oxen.[8]
Possibly the first reference to
chess is made in the
Persian work Karnamak-i-Artakhshatr-i-Papakan.
The
Lombards under King
Agilulf expand into
Northern Italy, establishing a settlement with the Franks and maintaining intermittent relationships with
Rome.
Food production increases in northern and Western Europe as a result of
agricultural technology introduced by the
Slavs, who employ a lightweight
plow with a knife blade (
coulter), that cuts deep into the soil at
grassroots level, together with a shaped board, or "moldboard", that moves the cut soil to one side.
Emperor
Maurice succeeds in winning over the
Avars to Byzantine rule, but his campaigns against the Avars,
Lombards, Persians and
Slavs drain the imperial treasury, requiring an increase in
taxes. He orders the troops to stay for winter beyond the
Danube, but a mutiny breaks out under
Phocas. He brings the Byzantine forces back over the Danube and marches on to
Constantinople.[11]
November 27 – A
civil war breaks out and Phocas enters Constantinople. Maurice is captured trying to escape; he is forced to witness the slaughter of his five sons and all his supporters, and is then executed (beheaded) after a 20-year reign. His wife,
Constantina, and his three daughters are spared, and sent to a
monastery. Phocas is proclaimed the new emperor of the
Byzantine Empire.
Byzantine–Persian War: King
Khosrau II launches an offensive against Constantinople, to avenge Maurice's death, his "friend and father", and tries to reconquer Byzantine territory.
Narses, governor of
Upper Mesopotamia, rebels against Phocas at the city of
Edessa and requests aid from the Persians. Khosrau sends an expeditionary force to
Armenia and crosses the
Euphrates.
Spring –
Witteric, counting on the support of the
nobles, attacks the royal
palace in
Toledo, and overthrows King
Liuva II. He cuts off his right hand, and has him executed. Witteric becomes the new king of the
Visigoths.[14]
The last mention of the
Roman Senate on the Italian mainland is made (according to the
Gregorian register). It mentions that the Senate has acclaimed new statues of Emperor
Phocas and Empress
Leontia.[15]
The
Avars regroup after they are almost destroyed; together with the
Slavs they start
pillaging through the
Byzantine provinces, west and south of the
Danube. Due to the new Persian war, Emperor
Phocas has few imperial troops available to defend the
Balkan Peninsula.[16]
August 13 – Emperor
Wéndi, age 63, is assassinated by his son
Yángdi, after a 23-year reign in which he has attacked hereditary privilege and reduced the power of the military
aristocracy. He is succeeded by Yángdi, who becomes the second emperor of the
Sui Dynasty.
As a result of a quarrel between the
Lakhmids (Southern
Iraq) and King
Khosrau II, the
Persian frontier with
Arabia is no longer guarded (approximate date).
Asia
Emperor
Yángdi orders the capital to be transferred from
Chang'an to
Luoyang. He begins the construction of the
Grand Canal, that will link existing
waterways to the new Chinese capital; it will be built by a million
laborers.
Yángdi is offended by his general
Gao Jiong, who makes several comments critical of the emperor's policies, against
Tujue submissive
Yami Qaghan. He is executed (
beheaded), and Gao's sons are
exiled to the border provinces (
Northern China).
Heraclius proclaims himself and his son as
consuls, claiming the imperial title—and mint coins with the two wearing the consular robes.[26]Syria and
Palaestina Prima revolt.
Sui dynastyEmperor Yang of Sui expresses the desire to control routes to the West, leading to two and a half centuries of Chinese military and trading activities in
Central Asia.
Emperor
Yángdi completes the
Grand Canal; it provides an unbroken inland ship
transport between the
Yellow and
Yangtze rivers. The
canal network is 1,776 km (1,400 miles) long—linking five river systems—and extends from
Beijing to the city of
Hangzhou.
^Geoffrey Hindley, A Brief History of the Anglo-Saxons: "The beginnings of the English nation" New York: Carrol & Graf Publishers (2006), p. 33–36.
ISBN978-0-7867-1738-5
^W.G. Aston, trans., Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, 2 vols. in 1 (London: Keagan and Co., 1896), vol. 2, p. 128–133