  | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 ( ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Gemini |
| Right ascension | 06h 09m 43.9853s [1] |
| Declination | +23° 06′ 48.472″ [1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.71 - 5.77 [2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | B3Ia [3] |
| U−B color index | −0.63 [4] |
| B−V color index | +0.21 [4] |
| Variable type | α Cyg [5] [2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 16.00±4.3 [6] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) |
RA: −0.064
[1]
mas/
yr Dec.: −2.685 [1] mas/ yr |
| Parallax (π) | 0.3878 ± 0.0616 mas [1] |
| Distance | approx. 8,000
ly (approx. 2,600 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | −6.26 [7] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 21 [7] M☉ |
| Radius | 55 [8] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 204,000 [8] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 2.45 [8] cgs |
| Temperature | 16,500 [8] K |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 80 [8] km/s |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
3 Geminorum is a blue supergiant star in the constellation Gemini. It is a small amplitude pulsating variable and a close double star, with a mean combined apparent visual magnitude of about 5.7.
3 Geminorum was found to be an α Cygni variable in 1998 and given the designation PU Geminorum. It varies by a few tenths of a magnitude [5] with a main period of 6.807 days [2] and a secondary period of 25 days. [8]
3 Geminorum is also a close double star. The brighter component is the variable blue supergiant. The companion is 2.5 magnitudes fainter. The separation is about 0.6 arc-seconds. [10] There is also a much fainter, approximately 14th magnitude, star 14" away. [11]
Faint Hα emission lines have been detected in the spectrum of 3 Geminorum, [12] but this is not usually expressed in published spectral classifications. [3] An "e" is only occasionally appended to the spectral type to reflect the emission lines. [13] [5] 3 Geminorum has frequently been classified as a normal supergiant ( luminosity class Ib), [14] although a bright supergiant (Ia) luminosity class is now preferred. [3]
3 Geminorum can be occulted by the Moon. Observations of these occultations can give information about the angular diameter of a star, or about close companions. Occultations of 3 Geminorum have been observed, but no double or diameter information has been published. [15]
References
- ^ a b c d e Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv: 2012.01533. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c "PU Gem". Variable Star Index. Retrieved 2022-05-22.
- ^ a b c Herman, R. (1973). "Classification des éTOILES B à Partir des Raises de l'HYDROGèNE-COMPARAISON avec d'Autres Classificaitons". Spectral Classification and Multicolour Photometry. 50: 17. Bibcode: 1973IAUS...50...17H. doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-2627-7_3. ISBN 978-94-010-2629-1.
- ^ a b Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode: 2002yCat.2237....0D.
- ^ a b c Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S.
- ^ Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv: 1606.08053. Bibcode: 2006AstL...32..759G. doi: 10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID 119231169.
- ^ a b Searle, S. C.; Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D.; Ryans, R. (2008). "Quantitative studies of the optical and UV spectra of Galactic early B supergiants. I. Fundamental parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 481 (3): 777. arXiv: 0801.4289. Bibcode: 2008A&A...481..777S. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20077125. S2CID 1552752.
- ^ a b c d e f Haucke, M.; et al. (June 2018). "Wind properties of variable B supergiants. Evidence of pulsations connected with mass-loss episodes". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 614: 28. arXiv: 1902.01341. Bibcode: 2018A&A...614A..91H. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201731678. S2CID 126150688. A91.
- ^ "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
- ^ Roberts, Lewis C.; Turner, Nils H.; Bradford, L. William; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.; Oppenheimer, Ben R.; Kuhn, Jeff R.; Whitman, Kathryn; Perrin, Marshall D.; Graham, James R. (2005). "Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 130 (5): 2262. Bibcode: 2005AJ....130.2262R. doi: 10.1086/491586.
- ^ Mason, Brian D.; Wycoff, Gary L.; Hartkopf, William I.; Douglass, Geoffrey G.; Worley, Charles E. (2001). "The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (6): 3466. Bibcode: 2001AJ....122.3466M. doi: 10.1086/323920.
- ^ Rosendhal, J. D. (1973). "A survey of H-alpha emission in early-type high-luminosity stars". Astrophysical Journal. 186: 909. Bibcode: 1973ApJ...186..909R. doi: 10.1086/152555.
- ^ Kohoutek, L.; Wehmeyer, R. (1999). "Catalogue of H-alpha emission stars in the Northern Milky Way". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 134 (2): 255. Bibcode: 1999A&AS..134..255K. doi: 10.1051/aas:1999101.
- ^ Skiff, B. A. (2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014). 1. Bibcode: 2014yCat....1.2023S.
- ^ Meyer, C.; Rabbia, Y.; Froeschle, M.; Helmer, G.; Amieux, G. (1995). "Observations of lunar occultations at Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 110: 107. Bibcode: 1995A&AS..110..107M.
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| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 ( ICRS) | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Gemini |
| Right ascension | 06h 09m 43.9853s [1] |
| Declination | +23° 06′ 48.472″ [1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.71 - 5.77 [2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | B3Ia [3] |
| U−B color index | −0.63 [4] |
| B−V color index | +0.21 [4] |
| Variable type | α Cyg [5] [2] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 16.00±4.3 [6] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) |
RA: −0.064
[1]
mas/
yr Dec.: −2.685 [1] mas/ yr |
| Parallax (π) | 0.3878 ± 0.0616 mas [1] |
| Distance | approx. 8,000
ly (approx. 2,600 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | −6.26 [7] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 21 [7] M☉ |
| Radius | 55 [8] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 204,000 [8] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 2.45 [8] cgs |
| Temperature | 16,500 [8] K |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 80 [8] km/s |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
3 Geminorum is a blue supergiant star in the constellation Gemini. It is a small amplitude pulsating variable and a close double star, with a mean combined apparent visual magnitude of about 5.7.
3 Geminorum was found to be an α Cygni variable in 1998 and given the designation PU Geminorum. It varies by a few tenths of a magnitude [5] with a main period of 6.807 days [2] and a secondary period of 25 days. [8]
3 Geminorum is also a close double star. The brighter component is the variable blue supergiant. The companion is 2.5 magnitudes fainter. The separation is about 0.6 arc-seconds. [10] There is also a much fainter, approximately 14th magnitude, star 14" away. [11]
Faint Hα emission lines have been detected in the spectrum of 3 Geminorum, [12] but this is not usually expressed in published spectral classifications. [3] An "e" is only occasionally appended to the spectral type to reflect the emission lines. [13] [5] 3 Geminorum has frequently been classified as a normal supergiant ( luminosity class Ib), [14] although a bright supergiant (Ia) luminosity class is now preferred. [3]
3 Geminorum can be occulted by the Moon. Observations of these occultations can give information about the angular diameter of a star, or about close companions. Occultations of 3 Geminorum have been observed, but no double or diameter information has been published. [15]
References
- ^ a b c d e Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv: 2012.01533. Bibcode: 2021A&A...649A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c "PU Gem". Variable Star Index. Retrieved 2022-05-22.
- ^ a b c Herman, R. (1973). "Classification des éTOILES B à Partir des Raises de l'HYDROGèNE-COMPARAISON avec d'Autres Classificaitons". Spectral Classification and Multicolour Photometry. 50: 17. Bibcode: 1973IAUS...50...17H. doi: 10.1007/978-94-010-2627-7_3. ISBN 978-94-010-2629-1.
- ^ a b Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode: 2002yCat.2237....0D.
- ^ a b c Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode: 2009yCat....102025S.
- ^ Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv: 1606.08053. Bibcode: 2006AstL...32..759G. doi: 10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID 119231169.
- ^ a b Searle, S. C.; Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D.; Ryans, R. (2008). "Quantitative studies of the optical and UV spectra of Galactic early B supergiants. I. Fundamental parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 481 (3): 777. arXiv: 0801.4289. Bibcode: 2008A&A...481..777S. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361:20077125. S2CID 1552752.
- ^ a b c d e f Haucke, M.; et al. (June 2018). "Wind properties of variable B supergiants. Evidence of pulsations connected with mass-loss episodes". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 614: 28. arXiv: 1902.01341. Bibcode: 2018A&A...614A..91H. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201731678. S2CID 126150688. A91.
- ^ "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
- ^ Roberts, Lewis C.; Turner, Nils H.; Bradford, L. William; Ten Brummelaar, Theo A.; Oppenheimer, Ben R.; Kuhn, Jeff R.; Whitman, Kathryn; Perrin, Marshall D.; Graham, James R. (2005). "Adaptive Optics Photometry and Astrometry of Binary Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 130 (5): 2262. Bibcode: 2005AJ....130.2262R. doi: 10.1086/491586.
- ^ Mason, Brian D.; Wycoff, Gary L.; Hartkopf, William I.; Douglass, Geoffrey G.; Worley, Charles E. (2001). "The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (6): 3466. Bibcode: 2001AJ....122.3466M. doi: 10.1086/323920.
- ^ Rosendhal, J. D. (1973). "A survey of H-alpha emission in early-type high-luminosity stars". Astrophysical Journal. 186: 909. Bibcode: 1973ApJ...186..909R. doi: 10.1086/152555.
- ^ Kohoutek, L.; Wehmeyer, R. (1999). "Catalogue of H-alpha emission stars in the Northern Milky Way". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 134 (2): 255. Bibcode: 1999A&AS..134..255K. doi: 10.1051/aas:1999101.
- ^ Skiff, B. A. (2014). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2016)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/Mk. Originally Published in: Lowell Observatory (October 2014). 1. Bibcode: 2014yCat....1.2023S.
- ^ Meyer, C.; Rabbia, Y.; Froeschle, M.; Helmer, G.; Amieux, G. (1995). "Observations of lunar occultations at Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement. 110: 107. Bibcode: 1995A&AS..110..107M.
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Star clusters |
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