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All 356 seats in the United States House of Representatives [c] 179 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Results: Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold Populist gain Populist hold Silver hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4, 1894, to November 6, 1894, with special elections throughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356 congressional districts across each of the 44 U.S. states at the time, as well as non-voting delegates from the inhabited U.S. territories. The winners of this election served in the 54th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 1890 United States census.
The elections comprised a significant political realignment, with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive election of 1896. The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic President Grover Cleveland's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the Panic of 1893, which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring, a major coal strike damaged the economy of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic. It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party. Immediately after the coal strike concluded, Eugene V. Debs led a nationwide railroad strike. It shut down the nation's transportation system west of Detroit for weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order. Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld, a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland.
The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populist electoral fusion in Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. [2] [3] The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections.
The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house including Richard P. Bland, William S. Holman, William M. Springer, and William L. Wilson were defeated in the election. [4] As of 2022, the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives; the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in 1932.
The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti-Catholic American Protective Association; the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP. [5]
93 | 10 | 254 |
Democratic | [h] | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Populist | Republican | Silver | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 9 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
Arkansas | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
California | District | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | |
Colorado | District | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Connecticut | District | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | ||
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Georgia | District | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Illinois | District | 22 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 22 | 11 | 0 | ||
Indiana | District | 13 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 13 | 11 | 0 | ||
Iowa | District | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | ||
Kansas | District +at-large |
8 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 0 | ||
Kentucky | District | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 0 | ||
Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Maine [i] | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | ||||
Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||
Massachusetts | District | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 0 | ||
Michigan | District | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 5 | 0 | ||
Minnesota | District | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 0 | |
Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Missouri | District | 15 | 4 | 9 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 0 | ||
Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Nebraska | District | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
New Jersey | District | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 0 | ||
New York | District | 34 | 4 | 16 | 0 | 30 | 16 | 0 | ||
North Carolina | District | 9 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Ohio | District | 21 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 19 | 9 | 0 | ||
Oregon [i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Pennsylvania | District +2 at-large |
30 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 28 | 8 | 0 | ||
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
South Carolina | District | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Tennessee | District | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | ||
Texas | District | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Vermont [i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Virginia | District | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
Washington | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
West Virginia | District | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
Wisconsin | District | 10 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 6 | 0 | ||
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Total [c] | 356 | 93
[e] 26.1% |
107 | 9
[e] 2.5% |
4 | 253
[e] 71.1% |
110 | 1
[e] 0.3% |
1 |
15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York's 14th, Kentucky's 9th, and Maryland's 5th congressional districts.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 7 | Charles T. O'Ferrall | Democratic | 1884 (special) | Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being elected
Governor of Virginia. New member elected January 30, 1894. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
|
New York 14 | John R. Fellows | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to become
District Attorney of New York City. New member elected January 30, 1894. Republican gain. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
|
Pennsylvania at-large | William Lilly | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died December 1, 1893. New member elected February 26, 1894. Republican hold. |
|
South Carolina 1 | William H. Brawley | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for the
United States District Court for the District of South Carolina. New member elected April 12, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Maryland 1 | Robert F. Brattan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died May 10, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Ohio 3 | George W. Houk | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent died February 9, 1894. New member elected May 21, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican hold. [8] |
|
Alabama 3 | William C. Oates | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected
Governor of Alabama. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Kentucky 9 | Thomas H. Paynter | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to the
Kentucky Court of Appeals. New member elected November 6, 1894, but didn't take his seat until March 4, 1895. Republican gain. |
|
Maryland 5 | Barnes Compton | Democratic |
1884 1890 (lost contest) 1890 |
Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican gain. |
|
Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to become
U.S. Minister to Russia. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Kentucky 10 | Marcus C. Lisle | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died July 7, 1894. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Louisiana 4 | Newton C. Blanchard | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become a
U.S. Senator. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
Ohio 2 | John A. Caldwell | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to become
Mayor of Cincinnati. New member elected December 3, 1894. Republican hold. |
|
New York 15 | Ashbel P. Fitch | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to become
New York City Comptroller. New member elected December 30, 1894. Democratic hold. |
|
In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Thomas J. Geary | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
California 2 | Anthony Caminetti | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
California 3 | Warren B. English | Democratic | 1892 (contested) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
California 4 | James G. Maguire | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 5 | Eugene F. Loud | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 6 | Marion Cannon | Populist | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
California 7 | William W. Bowers | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | John W. Causey | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Stephen R. Mallory | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Florida 2 | Charles Merian Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Idaho at-large | Willis Sweet | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. | Republican | 1881 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Ashley B. Wright | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 3 | Joseph H. Walker | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 4 | Lewis D. Apsley | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 5 | Moses T. Stevens | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 6 | William Cogswell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 7 | William Everett | Democratic | 1893 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 9 | Joseph H. O'Neil | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Massachusetts 10 | Michael J. McEttrick | Citizens Democratic |
1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 11 | William F. Draper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 12 | Elijah A. Morse | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 13 | Charles S. Randall | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | John M. Allen | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 2 | John C. Kyle | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 3 | Thomas C. Catchings | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 4 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 5 | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 6 | T. R. Stockdale | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Mississippi 7 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana at-large | Charles S. Hartman | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired to
run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Nebraska 2 | David H. Mercer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 3 | George de Rue Meiklejohn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 4 | Eugene Jerome Hainer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 5 | William A. McKeighan | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Nebraska 6 | Omer Madison Kem | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | Francis G. Newlands | Silver | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Dakota at-large | Martin N. Johnson | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates [27] | |
Ohio 1 | Bellamy Storer | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 2 | Jacob H. Bromwell | Republican | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 3 | Paul J. Sorg | Democratic | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 4 | Fernando C. Layton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 5 | Dennis D. Donovan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 6 | George W. Hulick | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 7 | George W. Wilson | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 8 | Luther M. Strong | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 9 | Byron F. Ritchie | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 10 | Hezekiah S. Bundy | Republican | 1893 (s) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 11 | Charles H. Grosvenor | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 12 | Joseph H. Outhwaite | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 13 | Darius D. Hare | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 14 | Michael D. Harter | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 15 | H. Clay Van Voorhis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 16 | Albert J. Pearson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 17 | James A. D. Richards | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 18 | George P. Ikirt | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 19 | Stephen A. Northway | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 20 | William J. White | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 21 | Tom L. Johnson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon 1 | Binger Hermann | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon 2 | William R. Ellis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | James F. Izlar | Democratic | 1894 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. |
|
George W. Murray Redistricted from the 7th district |
Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896. [31] | ||
South Carolina 2 | W. Jasper Talbert | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 3 | Asbury Latimer | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 4 | George W. Shell | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
South Carolina 5 | Thomas J. Strait | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 6 | John L. McLaurin | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 7 | None (New district) | New district. Democratic gain. The election was voided on June 1, 1896, due to electoral fraud. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Dakota at-large 2 seats |
John Pickler | Republican | 1889 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
William V. Lucas | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Alfred A. Taylor | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Tennessee 2 | John C. Houk | Republican | 1891 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Tennessee 3 | Henry C. Snodgrass | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 6 | Joseph E. Washington | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 7 | Nicholas N. Cox | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 8 | Benjamin A. Enloe | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Tennessee 9 | James C. McDearmon | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 10 | Josiah Patterson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Texas 1 | Joseph C. Hutcheson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 2 | Samuel B. Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 3 | Constantine B. Kilgore | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Texas 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 5 | Joseph W. Bailey | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 6 | Jo Abbott | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Texas 7 | George C. Pendleton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 8 | Charles K. Bell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 9 | Joseph D. Sayers | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 10 | Walter Gresham | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Texas 11 | William H. Crain | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 12 | Thomas M. Paschal | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Texas 13 | Jeremiah V. Cockrell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | John O. Pendleton | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
West Virginia 2 | William Lyne Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
West Virginia 3 | John D. Alderson | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
West Virginia 4 | James Capehart | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894. [8] [60]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Henry Allen Cooper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 2 | Charles Barwig | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 3 | Joseph W. Babcock | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 4 | Peter J. Somers | Democratic | 1893 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 5 | George H. Brickner | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 6 | Owen A. Wells | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Wisconsin 8 | Lyman E. Barnes | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 9 | Thomas Lynch | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 10 | Nils P. Haugen | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wyoming at-large | Henry A. Coffeen | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oklahoma Territory at-large | Dennis T. Flynn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
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All 356 seats in the United States House of Representatives [c] 179 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Results: Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold Populist gain Populist hold Silver hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1894 United States House of Representatives elections were held from June 4, 1894, to November 6, 1894, with special elections throughout the year. Elections were held to elect representatives from all 356 congressional districts across each of the 44 U.S. states at the time, as well as non-voting delegates from the inhabited U.S. territories. The winners of this election served in the 54th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 1890 United States census.
The elections comprised a significant political realignment, with a major Republican landslide that set the stage for the decisive election of 1896. The 1894 elections came in the middle of Democratic President Grover Cleveland's second term. The nation was in its deepest economic depression yet following the Panic of 1893, which pushed economic issues to the forefront. In the spring, a major coal strike damaged the economy of the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic. It was accompanied by violence; the miners lost and many joined the Populist Party. Immediately after the coal strike concluded, Eugene V. Debs led a nationwide railroad strike. It shut down the nation's transportation system west of Detroit for weeks, until President Cleveland's use of federal troops ended the strike. Debs went to prison for disobeying a court order. Illinois Governor John Peter Altgeld, a Democrat, broke bitterly with Cleveland.
The fragmented and disoriented Democratic Party was crushed everywhere outside of the South, losing more than 55% of its seats to the Republican Party. The Democrats did so poorly that even in the South, they lost seats to the Republican-Populist electoral fusion in Alabama, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. [2] [3] The Democrats ultimately lost 127 seats in this election, with the Republicans gaining 130 seats after the resolution of several contested elections.
The Democratic Party failed to win one seat in twenty-four states and only won one seat in six states. Prominent Democrats in the house including Richard P. Bland, William S. Holman, William M. Springer, and William L. Wilson were defeated in the election. [4] As of 2022, the 1894 election represents the largest seat swing in a single election in the history of the House of Representatives; the only other occasion where a political party has suffered triple-digit losses was in 1932.
The main issues revolved around the severe economic depression, which the Republicans blamed on the conservative Bourbon Democrats led by Cleveland. Cleveland supporters lost heavily, weakening their hold on the party and setting the stage for an 1896 takeover by the free silver wing of the party. The Populist Party ran candidates in the South and Midwest, but generally lost ground outside of the South. The Democrats tried to raise a religious issue, claiming the GOP was in cahoots with the anti-Catholic American Protective Association; the allegations seem to have fallen flat as Catholics swung towards the GOP. [5]
93 | 10 | 254 |
Democratic | [h] | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Populist | Republican | Silver | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 9 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | |
Arkansas | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
California | District | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | |
Colorado | District | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Connecticut | District | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | ||
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Florida | District | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Georgia | District | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Illinois | District | 22 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 22 | 11 | 0 | ||
Indiana | District | 13 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 13 | 11 | 0 | ||
Iowa | District | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 1 | 0 | ||
Kansas | District +at-large |
8 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 0 | ||
Kentucky | District | 11 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 0 | ||
Louisiana | District | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Maine [i] | District | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | ||||
Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | ||
Massachusetts | District | 13 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 0 | ||
Michigan | District | 12 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 5 | 0 | ||
Minnesota | District | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 0 | |
Mississippi | District | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
Missouri | District | 15 | 4 | 9 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 0 | ||
Montana | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Nebraska | District | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
New Jersey | District | 8 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 6 | 0 | ||
New York | District | 34 | 4 | 16 | 0 | 30 | 16 | 0 | ||
North Carolina | District | 9 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
North Dakota | At-large | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
Ohio | District | 21 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 19 | 9 | 0 | ||
Oregon [i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Pennsylvania | District +2 at-large |
30 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 28 | 8 | 0 | ||
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
South Carolina | District | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Tennessee | District | 10 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | ||
Texas | District | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Vermont [i] | District | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
Virginia | District | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
Washington | At-large | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||
West Virginia | District | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
Wisconsin | District | 10 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 10 | 6 | 0 | ||
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
Total [c] | 356 | 93
[e] 26.1% |
107 | 9
[e] 2.5% |
4 | 253
[e] 71.1% |
110 | 1
[e] 0.3% |
1 |
15 special elections took place in 1894 leading up to and following the general election. They are listed below in order of election date then by state and district. Republicans flipped 3 seats in the special elections in New York's 14th, Kentucky's 9th, and Maryland's 5th congressional districts.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 7 | Charles T. O'Ferrall | Democratic | 1884 (special) | Incumbent resigned December 28, 1893 after being elected
Governor of Virginia. New member elected January 30, 1894. Democratic hold. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
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New York 14 | John R. Fellows | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned December 31, 1893 to become
District Attorney of New York City. New member elected January 30, 1894. Republican gain. Winner later re-elected in November; see below. |
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Pennsylvania at-large | William Lilly | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died December 1, 1893. New member elected February 26, 1894. Republican hold. |
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South Carolina 1 | William H. Brawley | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent resigned February 12, 1894, to become judge for the
United States District Court for the District of South Carolina. New member elected April 12, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Maryland 1 | Robert F. Brattan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died May 10, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Ohio 3 | George W. Houk | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent died February 9, 1894. New member elected May 21, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican hold. [8] |
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Alabama 3 | William C. Oates | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned November 5, 1894, after being elected
Governor of Alabama. New member elected November 6, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Kentucky 9 | Thomas H. Paynter | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent resigned January 5, 1895, having been elected to the
Kentucky Court of Appeals. New member elected November 6, 1894, but didn't take his seat until March 4, 1895. Republican gain. |
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Maryland 5 | Barnes Compton | Democratic |
1884 1890 (lost contest) 1890 |
Incumbent resigned May 15, 1894, to become a naval officer. New member elected November 6, 1894. Republican gain. |
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Arkansas 2 | Clifton R. Breckinridge | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent resigned August 14, 1894, to become
U.S. Minister to Russia. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Kentucky 10 | Marcus C. Lisle | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent died July 7, 1894. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Louisiana 4 | Newton C. Blanchard | Democratic | 1880 | Incumbent resigned March 12, 1894, to become a
U.S. Senator. New member elected December 3, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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Ohio 2 | John A. Caldwell | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent resigned April 4, 1894, to become
Mayor of Cincinnati. New member elected December 3, 1894. Republican hold. |
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New York 15 | Ashbel P. Fitch | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent resigned December 26, 1893, to become
New York City Comptroller. New member elected December 30, 1894. Democratic hold. |
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In 1894, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Thomas J. Geary | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 2 | Anthony Caminetti | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 3 | Warren B. English | Democratic | 1892 (contested) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 4 | James G. Maguire | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 5 | Eugene F. Loud | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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California 6 | Marion Cannon | Populist | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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California 7 | William W. Bowers | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | John W. Causey | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Stephen R. Mallory | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Florida 2 | Charles Merian Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Idaho at-large | Willis Sweet | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 2 | Nelson Dingley Jr. | Republican | 1881 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 3 | Seth L. Milliken | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Maine 4 | Charles A. Boutelle | Republican | 1882 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Ashley B. Wright | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 3 | Joseph H. Walker | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 4 | Lewis D. Apsley | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 5 | Moses T. Stevens | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 6 | William Cogswell | Republican | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 7 | William Everett | Democratic | 1893 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 9 | Joseph H. O'Neil | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Massachusetts 10 | Michael J. McEttrick | Citizens Democratic |
1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected Republican gain. |
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Massachusetts 11 | William F. Draper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 12 | Elijah A. Morse | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Massachusetts 13 | Charles S. Randall | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | John M. Allen | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 2 | John C. Kyle | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 3 | Thomas C. Catchings | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 4 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 5 | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Mississippi 6 | T. R. Stockdale | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Mississippi 7 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana at-large | Charles S. Hartman | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | William Jennings Bryan | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired to
run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Nebraska 2 | David H. Mercer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 3 | George de Rue Meiklejohn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 4 | Eugene Jerome Hainer | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Nebraska 5 | William A. McKeighan | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Nebraska 6 | Omer Madison Kem | Populist | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | Francis G. Newlands | Silver | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Dakota at-large | Martin N. Johnson | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates [27] | |
Ohio 1 | Bellamy Storer | Republican | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 2 | Jacob H. Bromwell | Republican | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 3 | Paul J. Sorg | Democratic | 1894 (s) | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 4 | Fernando C. Layton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 5 | Dennis D. Donovan | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 6 | George W. Hulick | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 7 | George W. Wilson | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 8 | Luther M. Strong | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 9 | Byron F. Ritchie | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 10 | Hezekiah S. Bundy | Republican | 1893 (s) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 11 | Charles H. Grosvenor | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 12 | Joseph H. Outhwaite | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 13 | Darius D. Hare | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 14 | Michael D. Harter | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 15 | H. Clay Van Voorhis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 16 | Albert J. Pearson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 17 | James A. D. Richards | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 18 | George P. Ikirt | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Ohio 19 | Stephen A. Northway | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Ohio 20 | William J. White | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Ohio 21 | Tom L. Johnson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon 1 | Binger Hermann | Republican | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Oregon 2 | William R. Ellis | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | James F. Izlar | Democratic | 1894 (special) | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss. |
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George W. Murray Redistricted from the 7th district |
Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. Murray successfully challenged Elliott's election and was awarded the seat on June 4, 1896. [31] | ||
South Carolina 2 | W. Jasper Talbert | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 3 | Asbury Latimer | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 4 | George W. Shell | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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South Carolina 5 | Thomas J. Strait | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 6 | John L. McLaurin | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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South Carolina 7 | None (New district) | New district. Democratic gain. The election was voided on June 1, 1896, due to electoral fraud. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Dakota at-large 2 seats |
John Pickler | Republican | 1889 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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William V. Lucas | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Alfred A. Taylor | Republican | 1888 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 2 | John C. Houk | Republican | 1891 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Republican. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Tennessee 3 | Henry C. Snodgrass | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 6 | Joseph E. Washington | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 7 | Nicholas N. Cox | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 8 | Benjamin A. Enloe | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Tennessee 9 | James C. McDearmon | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Tennessee 10 | Josiah Patterson | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Texas 1 | Joseph C. Hutcheson | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 2 | Samuel B. Cooper | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 3 | Constantine B. Kilgore | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Texas 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 5 | Joseph W. Bailey | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 6 | Jo Abbott | Democratic | 1886 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Texas 7 | George C. Pendleton | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 8 | Charles K. Bell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 9 | Joseph D. Sayers | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 10 | Walter Gresham | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
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Texas 11 | William H. Crain | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Texas 12 | Thomas M. Paschal | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Texas 13 | Jeremiah V. Cockrell | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | John O. Pendleton | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 2 | William Lyne Wilson | Democratic | 1882 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 3 | John D. Alderson | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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West Virginia 4 | James Capehart | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin elected ten members of congress on Election Day, November 6, 1894. [8] [60]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Henry Allen Cooper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 2 | Charles Barwig | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 3 | Joseph W. Babcock | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
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Wisconsin 4 | Peter J. Somers | Democratic | 1893 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 5 | George H. Brickner | Democratic | 1888 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 6 | Owen A. Wells | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 7 | George B. Shaw | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent died August 27, 1894. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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Wisconsin 8 | Lyman E. Barnes | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 9 | Thomas Lynch | Democratic | 1890 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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Wisconsin 10 | Nils P. Haugen | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent declined re-nomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
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Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wyoming at-large | Henry A. Coffeen | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
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District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oklahoma Territory at-large | Dennis T. Flynn | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|