The 130s was a decade that ran from January 1, 130, to December 31, 139.
The
Roman Empire was under the rule of Emperor
Hadrian, and after 138,
Antonius Pius. During the middle of the decade, Jewish leader
Simon bar Kokhba led a large-scale armed rebellion against the Romans in
Judea, known as the
Bar Kokhba revolt. This was the last of the major
Jewish–Roman wars. However, the revolt was quelled in 135 by the Romans and the rebels' Jewish state was destroyed. The Romans retook Jerusalem and named it
Aelia Capitolina. The Romans also fought wars with the
Alani and the
Suebi tribes.
The
Praetor's Edict is definitively codified by
Salvius Julianus, on Hadrian's orders. This change means that senatorial decrees become a mere confirmation of the imperial speech (oratio principis) which initiated them.
Reorganization of the Imperial Council: Central administration is reinforced, and administrative positions are entrusted to knights, according to a very strict hierarchy. Under the reorganization, the
Roman Senate is excluded from controlling the business of state.
Hadrian restores the monarchist policy of
Claudius and
Domitian. The
equestrian order is given full legal status, and attains the second order of the state.
Italy is divided into legal districts managed by
consuls, a direct blow to the power and prestige of the Senate.
By topic
Religion
The Edict of Hadrian prohibits the practice of
circumcision. Additionally, Hadrian prohibits public reading of the
Torah under penalty of death, as well as observance of festivals and the
Sabbath, the teaching of Judaic Law, and the ordination of
rabbis.
Legio X Fretensis must evacuate
Jerusalem, returning to
Caesarea. The
Jews enter the city, and re-establish their system of sacrifices. They strike coins to celebrate their independence, which will last for only 30 months.
Legio XXII Deiotariana, which advanced from
Egypt, is completely destroyed.
The Roman province of
Iudaea (plus Galilee) becomes
Syria Palaestina; the name
Palestine as a designation for this land has been used since at least the 5th century BC (mentioned by
Herodotus).
^LeGlay, Marcel; Voisin, Jean-Louis; Le Bohec, Yann (2001). A History of Rome (Second ed.). Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. p. 284.
ISBN0-631-21858-0.
The 130s was a decade that ran from January 1, 130, to December 31, 139.
The
Roman Empire was under the rule of Emperor
Hadrian, and after 138,
Antonius Pius. During the middle of the decade, Jewish leader
Simon bar Kokhba led a large-scale armed rebellion against the Romans in
Judea, known as the
Bar Kokhba revolt. This was the last of the major
Jewish–Roman wars. However, the revolt was quelled in 135 by the Romans and the rebels' Jewish state was destroyed. The Romans retook Jerusalem and named it
Aelia Capitolina. The Romans also fought wars with the
Alani and the
Suebi tribes.
The
Praetor's Edict is definitively codified by
Salvius Julianus, on Hadrian's orders. This change means that senatorial decrees become a mere confirmation of the imperial speech (oratio principis) which initiated them.
Reorganization of the Imperial Council: Central administration is reinforced, and administrative positions are entrusted to knights, according to a very strict hierarchy. Under the reorganization, the
Roman Senate is excluded from controlling the business of state.
Hadrian restores the monarchist policy of
Claudius and
Domitian. The
equestrian order is given full legal status, and attains the second order of the state.
Italy is divided into legal districts managed by
consuls, a direct blow to the power and prestige of the Senate.
By topic
Religion
The Edict of Hadrian prohibits the practice of
circumcision. Additionally, Hadrian prohibits public reading of the
Torah under penalty of death, as well as observance of festivals and the
Sabbath, the teaching of Judaic Law, and the ordination of
rabbis.
Legio X Fretensis must evacuate
Jerusalem, returning to
Caesarea. The
Jews enter the city, and re-establish their system of sacrifices. They strike coins to celebrate their independence, which will last for only 30 months.
Legio XXII Deiotariana, which advanced from
Egypt, is completely destroyed.
The Roman province of
Iudaea (plus Galilee) becomes
Syria Palaestina; the name
Palestine as a designation for this land has been used since at least the 5th century BC (mentioned by
Herodotus).
^LeGlay, Marcel; Voisin, Jean-Louis; Le Bohec, Yann (2001). A History of Rome (Second ed.). Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell. p. 284.
ISBN0-631-21858-0.