Zürich German | |
---|---|
Züritüütsch | |
Pronunciation | [ˈtsyrityːtʃ] ⓘ |
Native to | Canton of Zürich |
Latin script | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog |
zuri1239 |
Linguasphere | 52-ACB-fg
[1] |
IETF | gsw-u-sd-chzh
[2]
[3] |
Zürich German (natively Züritüütsch [ˈtsyrityːtʃ] ⓘ; Standard German: Zürichdeutsch) is the High Alemannic dialect spoken in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its area covers most of the canton, with the exception of the parts north of the Thur and the Rhine, which belong to the areal of the northeastern (Schaffhausen and Thurgau) Swiss dialects.
Zürich German was traditionally divided into six sub-dialects, now increasingly homogenised owing to larger commuting distances:
Like all Swiss German dialects, it is essentially a spoken language, whereas the written language is standard German. Likewise, there is no official orthography of the Zürich dialect. When it is written, it rarely follows the guidelines published by Eugen Dieth in his book Schwyzertütschi Dialäktschrift. Furthermore, Dieth's spelling uses a lot of diacritical marks not found on a normal keyboard. Young people often use Swiss German for personal messages, such as when texting with their mobile phones. As they do not have a standard way of writing they tend to blend Standard German spelling with Swiss German phrasing.
The Zürich dialect is generally perceived as fast spoken and less melodic than, for example, Bernese German. Characteristic of the city dialect is that it most easily adopts external influences. The second-generation Italian immigrants (secondi) have had a crucial influence, as has the English language through the media. The wave of Turkish and ex-Yugoslavian immigration of the 1990s is also leaving its imprint on the dialect of the city.
Labial | Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Dorsal | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
Plosive | Lenis | b̥ | d̥ | ɡ̊ | ||
Fortis | p | t | k | |||
Affricate | pf | ts | tʃ | kx | ||
Fricative | Lenis | v̥ | z̥ | ʒ̊ | ɣ̊ | h |
Fortis | f | s | ʃ | ( x) | ||
Approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||
Rhotic | r |
Front | Central | Back | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||||||
short | long | short | long | short | short | long | ||
Close | i | iː | y | yː | u | uː | ||
Close-mid | e | eː | ø | øː | ( ə) | o | oː | |
Open-mid | ( ɛ) | ɛː | ( œ) | œː | ||||
Open | æ | æː | ɒ | ɒː | ||||
Diphthongs | closing | (ui) ei oi æi ou æu | ||||||
centering | iə yə uə |
The sample text is a reading of the first sentence of The North Wind and the Sun. It is a recording of a 67-year old male from the town of Meilen, about 15 kilometers from the city of Zürich. [14]
/əˈmɒːl hænd̥ d̥ə ˈb̥iːz̥ˌʋind̥ und̥ d̥ ˈz̥unə ˈkʃtritə | ʋɛːr v̥o ˈb̥æid̥nə d̥ɒz̥ æxt d̥ə ˈʃtɛrɣ̊ər z̥eiɡ̊/ [15]
[əˈmɒːl hæn‿tə ˈb̥iːz̥ˌʋind̥ un‿ˈtsunə ˈkʃtritə | ʋɛːr v̥o ˈb̥æiʔnə d̥ɒz̥ æx‿tə ˈʃtɛrɣ̊ər z̥eiɡ̊] [15]
Emaal händ de Biiswind und d Sune gschtritte, wèèr vo bäidne das ächt de schtèrcher seig. [15]
Zürich German | |
---|---|
Züritüütsch | |
Pronunciation | [ˈtsyrityːtʃ] ⓘ |
Native to | Canton of Zürich |
Latin script | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog |
zuri1239 |
Linguasphere | 52-ACB-fg
[1] |
IETF | gsw-u-sd-chzh
[2]
[3] |
Zürich German (natively Züritüütsch [ˈtsyrityːtʃ] ⓘ; Standard German: Zürichdeutsch) is the High Alemannic dialect spoken in the Canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Its area covers most of the canton, with the exception of the parts north of the Thur and the Rhine, which belong to the areal of the northeastern (Schaffhausen and Thurgau) Swiss dialects.
Zürich German was traditionally divided into six sub-dialects, now increasingly homogenised owing to larger commuting distances:
Like all Swiss German dialects, it is essentially a spoken language, whereas the written language is standard German. Likewise, there is no official orthography of the Zürich dialect. When it is written, it rarely follows the guidelines published by Eugen Dieth in his book Schwyzertütschi Dialäktschrift. Furthermore, Dieth's spelling uses a lot of diacritical marks not found on a normal keyboard. Young people often use Swiss German for personal messages, such as when texting with their mobile phones. As they do not have a standard way of writing they tend to blend Standard German spelling with Swiss German phrasing.
The Zürich dialect is generally perceived as fast spoken and less melodic than, for example, Bernese German. Characteristic of the city dialect is that it most easily adopts external influences. The second-generation Italian immigrants (secondi) have had a crucial influence, as has the English language through the media. The wave of Turkish and ex-Yugoslavian immigration of the 1990s is also leaving its imprint on the dialect of the city.
Labial | Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Dorsal | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
Plosive | Lenis | b̥ | d̥ | ɡ̊ | ||
Fortis | p | t | k | |||
Affricate | pf | ts | tʃ | kx | ||
Fricative | Lenis | v̥ | z̥ | ʒ̊ | ɣ̊ | h |
Fortis | f | s | ʃ | ( x) | ||
Approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||
Rhotic | r |
Front | Central | Back | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||||||
short | long | short | long | short | short | long | ||
Close | i | iː | y | yː | u | uː | ||
Close-mid | e | eː | ø | øː | ( ə) | o | oː | |
Open-mid | ( ɛ) | ɛː | ( œ) | œː | ||||
Open | æ | æː | ɒ | ɒː | ||||
Diphthongs | closing | (ui) ei oi æi ou æu | ||||||
centering | iə yə uə |
The sample text is a reading of the first sentence of The North Wind and the Sun. It is a recording of a 67-year old male from the town of Meilen, about 15 kilometers from the city of Zürich. [14]
/əˈmɒːl hænd̥ d̥ə ˈb̥iːz̥ˌʋind̥ und̥ d̥ ˈz̥unə ˈkʃtritə | ʋɛːr v̥o ˈb̥æid̥nə d̥ɒz̥ æxt d̥ə ˈʃtɛrɣ̊ər z̥eiɡ̊/ [15]
[əˈmɒːl hæn‿tə ˈb̥iːz̥ˌʋind̥ un‿ˈtsunə ˈkʃtritə | ʋɛːr v̥o ˈb̥æiʔnə d̥ɒz̥ æx‿tə ˈʃtɛrɣ̊ər z̥eiɡ̊] [15]
Emaal händ de Biiswind und d Sune gschtritte, wèèr vo bäidne das ächt de schtèrcher seig. [15]