Yang Wan | |
|---|---|
| Native name | 楊宛 |
| Born | c. 1602 |
| Died | 1644 Beijing |
| Pen name | Yang Wanshu (楊宛叔) |
| Occupation | Gējì,poet |
| Language | Chinese |
| Spouse | Mao Yuanyi |
Yang Wan (c. 1602—1644; Chinese name: Yáng Wǎn Chinese: 楊宛, courtesy name: Wǎnshū 宛叔), was one of the famous geji and poet of Ming Dynasty.
Yang Wan’s family background is unknkwn. According to Mao Yuanyi's preface to Yang Wan's first poetry collection, she was born around 1602. [1] It was likely she began training as a geji, from a very young age. [2]
The geji of the pleasure district along the Qinhuai River were especially celebrated for their sophistication, refinement, and literary and artistic accomplishments. [2] Qian Qianyi believed that among the talented gejis, Wang Wei and Yang Wan could stand on equal footing with Liu Rushi. [3]Yang Wan and geji Wang Wei became friends,they called each other sworn sisters. [4]Although Yang Wan was not as famous as Wang Wei, she was also quite talented, especially good at regular script. The two had similar backgrounds, so they were like sisters. [5]
The military official and scholar Mao Yuanyi had been an associate of Matteo Ricci, and wrote the military treatise Wubei Zhi, which included the Mao Kun map. Mao Yuanyi, who was also a poet, valued his concubines’ artistic achievements and pursuits.Yang Wan married Mao Yuanyi as a concubine in 1612. Wang Wei married Mao Yuanyi as a concubine in 1617. [6]In 1618, Wang Wei divorced Mao Yuanyi because Wang Wei felt that Mao Yuanyi treated Yang Wan better. [7]Geji who got married were expected to quit their profession and observe the private lifestyles expected from respectable wives, but Yang Wan had an unusual arrangement. [8] [9]In 1619, Yang Wan was already married, still attended the Wulongtan gathering(乌龙潭集会). There were 13 guests in total, including the poet Tan Yuanchun, and several gejis attended the Wulongtan gathering. [10]
Mao Yuanyi suffered a political fall and exile, which led him to excessive drinking,he died in 1640.After Mao Yuanyi died, Yang Wan began to look for other opportunities. She followed Tian Hongyu, the father of Concubine Tian Guifei, to Beijing. Tian Hongyu asked her to teach young girls art. After Tian Hongyu's death, Yang Wan went to Liu Dongping again. When the city was attacked, she dressed up as a beggar and wanted to return to Jinling, but was killed by bandits. Zhu Yizun said that during the Jiashen Rebellion, Yang Wan took Tian Hongyu's daughter to hide in a mountain village in Jinling. Bandits broke into their home and wanted to rape Tian's daughter. The two began to resist. Yang Wan was nearby to protect Tian's daughter. Both were killed by bandits. [11] [12]
Yang Wan wrote four volumes of "Zhongshan Xian(钟山献)", one volume of "Xuji(续集)" and one volume of "Zaixu(再续)". [13]Despite her fame during her lifetime, in the early Qing Dynasty a backlash against women’s cultivation of artistic skills and the decadence associated with the geji profession [2] caused Yang Wan and her work to be disparaged. [14] Very few of her poems have survived. [15]
夢 |
Dreams |
| —Translated by Carolanna Lisonbee |
- ^ Xu, Sufeng. "Lotus flowers rising from the dark mud : late Ming courtesans and their poetry". escholarship.mcgill.ca. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
- ^ a b c Widmer, Ellen; Sun, Kangyi (1997). Writing women in late imperial China. Stanford (Calif.): Stanford university press. pp. 16–45. ISBN 978-0-8047-2872-0.
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ Lee, Lily Xiao Hong (2014). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: Tang Through Ming, 618–1644. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 9780765643162.
- ^ "The Journey of a Late Ming Female Poet".
- ^ "The Journey of a Late Ming Female Poet".
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ Widmer, Ellen; Sun, Kangyi (1997). Writing women in late imperial China. Stanford (Calif.): Stanford university press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8047-2872-0.
- ^ Chang, Kang-i Sun, ed. (1999). Women writers of traditional China: an anthology of poetry and criticism (Nachdr. ed.). Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-0-8047-3231-4.
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ 朱彝尊《静志居诗话》：“甲申寇变,宛叔携田氏女至金陵匿山村中,盗突入其室,欲污田氏女,女不从,宛叔从旁力卫之,遂同遇害。”
- ^ "A brief discussion on the Qinglou poet Yang Wan".
- ^ Chang, Kang-i Sun, ed. (1999). Women writers of traditional China: an anthology of poetry and criticism (Nachdr. ed.). Stanford, Calif: Stanford Univ. Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-0-8047-3231-4.
- ^ "Details - Poet :: Ming Qing Women's Writings Digitization Project". digital.library.mcgill.ca. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ "Threads". www.threads.net. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
- Yang Wan's poems in the Ming Qing Women's Writings database (Chinese)
- 楊宛 at Baidu Baike (in Chinese)
 | This article needs additional or more specific
categories. (April 2024) |
Yang Wan | |
|---|---|
| Native name | 楊宛 |
| Born | c. 1602 |
| Died | 1644 Beijing |
| Pen name | Yang Wanshu (楊宛叔) |
| Occupation | Gējì,poet |
| Language | Chinese |
| Spouse | Mao Yuanyi |
Yang Wan (c. 1602—1644; Chinese name: Yáng Wǎn Chinese: 楊宛, courtesy name: Wǎnshū 宛叔), was one of the famous geji and poet of Ming Dynasty.
Yang Wan’s family background is unknkwn. According to Mao Yuanyi's preface to Yang Wan's first poetry collection, she was born around 1602. [1] It was likely she began training as a geji, from a very young age. [2]
The geji of the pleasure district along the Qinhuai River were especially celebrated for their sophistication, refinement, and literary and artistic accomplishments. [2] Qian Qianyi believed that among the talented gejis, Wang Wei and Yang Wan could stand on equal footing with Liu Rushi. [3]Yang Wan and geji Wang Wei became friends,they called each other sworn sisters. [4]Although Yang Wan was not as famous as Wang Wei, she was also quite talented, especially good at regular script. The two had similar backgrounds, so they were like sisters. [5]
The military official and scholar Mao Yuanyi had been an associate of Matteo Ricci, and wrote the military treatise Wubei Zhi, which included the Mao Kun map. Mao Yuanyi, who was also a poet, valued his concubines’ artistic achievements and pursuits.Yang Wan married Mao Yuanyi as a concubine in 1612. Wang Wei married Mao Yuanyi as a concubine in 1617. [6]In 1618, Wang Wei divorced Mao Yuanyi because Wang Wei felt that Mao Yuanyi treated Yang Wan better. [7]Geji who got married were expected to quit their profession and observe the private lifestyles expected from respectable wives, but Yang Wan had an unusual arrangement. [8] [9]In 1619, Yang Wan was already married, still attended the Wulongtan gathering(乌龙潭集会). There were 13 guests in total, including the poet Tan Yuanchun, and several gejis attended the Wulongtan gathering. [10]
Mao Yuanyi suffered a political fall and exile, which led him to excessive drinking,he died in 1640.After Mao Yuanyi died, Yang Wan began to look for other opportunities. She followed Tian Hongyu, the father of Concubine Tian Guifei, to Beijing. Tian Hongyu asked her to teach young girls art. After Tian Hongyu's death, Yang Wan went to Liu Dongping again. When the city was attacked, she dressed up as a beggar and wanted to return to Jinling, but was killed by bandits. Zhu Yizun said that during the Jiashen Rebellion, Yang Wan took Tian Hongyu's daughter to hide in a mountain village in Jinling. Bandits broke into their home and wanted to rape Tian's daughter. The two began to resist. Yang Wan was nearby to protect Tian's daughter. Both were killed by bandits. [11] [12]
Yang Wan wrote four volumes of "Zhongshan Xian(钟山献)", one volume of "Xuji(续集)" and one volume of "Zaixu(再续)". [13]Despite her fame during her lifetime, in the early Qing Dynasty a backlash against women’s cultivation of artistic skills and the decadence associated with the geji profession [2] caused Yang Wan and her work to be disparaged. [14] Very few of her poems have survived. [15]
夢 |
Dreams |
| —Translated by Carolanna Lisonbee |
- ^ Xu, Sufeng. "Lotus flowers rising from the dark mud : late Ming courtesans and their poetry". escholarship.mcgill.ca. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
- ^ a b c Widmer, Ellen; Sun, Kangyi (1997). Writing women in late imperial China. Stanford (Calif.): Stanford university press. pp. 16–45. ISBN 978-0-8047-2872-0.
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ Lee, Lily Xiao Hong (2014). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: Tang Through Ming, 618–1644. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 9780765643162.
- ^ "The Journey of a Late Ming Female Poet".
- ^ "The Journey of a Late Ming Female Poet".
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ Widmer, Ellen; Sun, Kangyi (1997). Writing women in late imperial China. Stanford (Calif.): Stanford university press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-8047-2872-0.
- ^ Chang, Kang-i Sun, ed. (1999). Women writers of traditional China: an anthology of poetry and criticism (Nachdr. ed.). Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-0-8047-3231-4.
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ "400 Years Ago, the Elegant Gathering at Wulongtan (Part 3)".
- ^ 朱彝尊《静志居诗话》：“甲申寇变,宛叔携田氏女至金陵匿山村中,盗突入其室,欲污田氏女,女不从,宛叔从旁力卫之,遂同遇害。”
- ^ "A brief discussion on the Qinglou poet Yang Wan".
- ^ Chang, Kang-i Sun, ed. (1999). Women writers of traditional China: an anthology of poetry and criticism (Nachdr. ed.). Stanford, Calif: Stanford Univ. Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-0-8047-3231-4.
- ^ "Details - Poet :: Ming Qing Women's Writings Digitization Project". digital.library.mcgill.ca. Retrieved 2024-03-30.
- ^ "Threads". www.threads.net. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
- Yang Wan's poems in the Ming Qing Women's Writings database (Chinese)
- 楊宛 at Baidu Baike (in Chinese)
| This article needs additional or more specific
categories. (April 2024) |