The World Competitiveness Yearbook is an annual report published by the Swiss-based International Institute for Management Development (IMD) on the competitiveness of nations and has been published since 1989. ^[1] The yearbook benchmarks the performance of 63 countries based on 340 criteria measuring different facets of competitiveness. It uses two types of data:

• 2/3 hard statistical data (international/national sources)
• 1/3 survey data (Executive Opinion Survey)

Ranking of countries from 1997

World Competitiveness Yearbook, from 1997, with latest year reported in 2023.

Nation/Territory	1997	2002	2007	2012	2017	2019 [a]	2020 [2]	2021 [3]	2022 [3]	2023 [4]
Singapore	2	8	2	4	3	1	1	5	3	4
Hong Kong	3	13	3	1	1	2	5	7	5	7
United States	1	1	1	2	4	3	10	10	10	9
Switzerland	12	5	6	3	2	4	3	1	2	3
United Arab Emirates	-	-	-	16	10	5	9	9	12	10
Netherlands	4	4	8	11	5	6	4	4	6	5
Ireland	10	9	14	20	6	7	12	13	11	2
Denmark	13	6	5	13	7	8	2	3	1	1
Sweden	19	12	9	5	9	9	6	2	4	8
Qatar	-	-	-	10	17	10	14	17	18	12
Norway	5	14	13	8	11	11	7	6	9	14
Luxembourg	8	2	4	12	8	12	15	12	13	20
Canada	6	7	10	6	12	13	8	14	14	15
China	27	28	15	23	18	14	20	16	17	21
Finland	7	3	17	17	15	15	13	11	8	11
Taiwan	18	20	18	7	14	16	11	8	7	6
Germany	16	17	16	9	13	17	17	15	15	22
Australia	15	10	12	15	21	18	18	22	19	19
Austria	20	15	11	21	25	19	16	19	20	24
Iceland	21	11	7	26	20	20	21	21	16	16
New Zealand	11	18	19	24	16	21	22	20	31	31
Malaysia	14	24	23	14	24	22	27	25	32	27
United Kingdom	9	16	20	18	19	23	19	18	23	29
Israel	25	26	21	19	22	24	26	27	25	23
Thailand	31	31	33	30	27	25	29	28	33	30
Saudi Arabia	-	-	-	-	36	26	24	32	24	17
Belgium	23	19	25	25	23	27	25	24	21	13
South Korea	30	29	29	22	29	28	23	23	27	28
Lithuania	-	-	31	36	33	29	31	30	29	32
Japan	17	27	24	27	26	30	34	31	34	35
France	22	25	28	29	31	31	32	29	28	33
Indonesia	38	47	54	42	42	32	40	37	44	34
Czech Republic	33	32	32	33	28	33	33	34	26	18
Kazakhstan	-	-	-	32	32	34	42	35	43	37
Estonia	-	21	22	31	30	35	28	26	22	26
Spain	26	23	30	39	34	36	36	39	36	36
Slovenia	-	35	40	51	43	37	35	40	38	42
Poland	43	45	52	34	38	38	39	47	50	43
Portugal	32	33	39	41	39	39	37	36	42	39
Latvia	-	-	-	-	40	40	41	38	35	51
Cyprus	-	-	-	-	37	41	30	33	40	45
Chile	24	22	26	28	35	42	38	44	45	44
India	41	41	27	35	45	43	43	43	37	40
Italy	39	34	42	40	44	44	44	41	41	41
Russia	46	44	43	48	46	45	50	-	-	-
Philippines	29	40	45	43	41	46	45	52	48	52
Hungary	37	30	35	45	52	47	47	42	39	46
Bulgaria	-	-	41	54	49	48	48	53	53	57
Romania	-	-	44	53	50	49	51	48	51	48
Mexico	40	43	47	37	48	50	53	55	55	56
Turkey	35	49	48	38	47	51	46	51	52	47
Colombia	45	42	38	52	54	52	54	56	57	58
Slovakia	-	38	34	47	51	53	57	50	49	53
Ukraine	-	-	46	56	60	54	55	-	-	-
Peru	-	-	-	44	55	55	52	58	54	55
South Africa	42	39	50	50	53	56	59	62	60	61
Jordan	-	-	37	49	56	57	58	49	56	54
Greece	36	36	36	58	57	58	49	46	47	49
Brazil	34	37	49	46	61	59	56	57	59	60
Croatia	-	-	53	57	59	60	60	59	46	50
Argentina	28	48	51	55	58	61	62	63	62	63
Mongolia	-	-	-	-	62	62	61	60	61	62
Venezuela	44	46	55	59	63	63	63	66	63	64
Bahrain	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	30	25
Botswana	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	61	58	59
Kuwait	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	38

See also

• Global Competitiveness Report
• Competition (companies)

^[5]

Notes

References