The 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an
infantryregiment in the
Union army during the
American Civil War. Of the 1,100 who initially belonged to the unit, only 125 returned at the end of their three years of service. Of these losses, roughly 300 were killed in action or died from wounds received in action, approximately 500 were discharged due to wounds or disease, and approximately 175 were lost or discharged due to capture, resignation, or desertion.
The Bombing of Yawata on the night of 15/16 June 1944 was the first air raid on the
Japanese home islands conducted by
United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) land-based aircraft during
World War II. While the raid did not achieve its aims, it had other effects. It raised Japanese civilians' awareness that their country was being defeated and received unduly positive media coverage in the United States. Intelligence gathered by the B-29s also revealed weaknesses in Japan's air defenses and the raid was the first of many on Japan.
Ernest Augustus I (5 June 1771 – 18 November 1851) was
King of Hanover from 20 June 1837 until his death. He was the fifth son and eighth child of
George III, who reigned in both the
United Kingdom and Hanover.
SMS Blücher ("His Majesty's Ship Blücher") was the last
armored cruiser to be built by the
German Imperial Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). She was designed to match what German intelligence incorrectly believed to be the specifications of the British
Invincible-class battlecruisers. At the
Battle of Dogger Bank on 24 January 1915, Blücher was sunk; The number of casualties is unknown, with figures ranging from 747 to around 1,000.
Tarrare (c. 1772 – 1798), sometimes spelled Tarare, was a French showman and soldier, noted for his unusual eating habits. Able to eat vast amounts of meat, he was constantly hungry; his parents were unable to provide for him, and he was turned out of the family home as a teenager. He died in
Versailles as a result of severe
tuberculosis and a lengthy bout of
exudative diarrhoea.
The
Russian and
Soviet navies designed a series of
battlecruisers: the
Borodino,
Kronshtadt, and
Stalingrad classes. None of the three classes were ever completed; the four Borodino class ships were
launched but not completed, and only one Stalingrad class vessel was launched. Construction of the remaining ships was halted before their
hulls were finished.
ARA Moreno was the second
Rivadavia-classdreadnoughtbattleship built for the
Argentine Navy in in response to a Brazilian naval building program and border disputes. Moreno was delivered to Argentina in May 1915 and was based in
Puerto Belgrano.
Decommissioned in 1949, she was sold for
scrapping in February 1956. After a 96-day tow—which was then a world record—Moreno was scrapped in Japan.
The Battle of P'ohang-dong was an engagement between
United Nations and
North Korean forces early in the
Korean War, part of the
Battle of Pusan Perimeter. The battle ended in a victory for the United Nations after their forces were able to drive off an attempted offensive by three North Korean divisions in the mountainous eastern coast of the country. The battle was a turning point in the war for North Korean forces, which had seen previous victories owing to superior numbers and equipment, with the distances and demands exacted on them at P'ohang-dong rendering their supply lines untenable.
The Courageous class comprised three
battlecruisers known as "large light cruisers" built for the
Royal Navy during
World War I. Nominally designed to support
Admiral of the Fleet Lord
John Fisher's
Baltic Project, which was intended to land troops on the German Baltic Coast, ships of this
class were fast but very lightly armoured and armed with only a few heavy guns. All three ships were
laid up after the end of the war, but were rebuilt as
aircraft carriers during the 1920s. Glorious and Courageous were sunk early in
World War II and Furious was sold for
scrap in 1948.
Between 1933 and 1945, the organization of the Luftwaffe underwent several changes. Originally, the German military high command decided to use an organizational structure similar to the army and navy, treating the branch as a strategic weapon of war. Later on, during the period of rapid rearmament, the
Luftwaffe was organized more in a geographical fashion. The formation of the
Luftwaffe was announced in February 1935, with
ReichsmarschallHermann Göring as its Commander in Chief (
German: Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe), in blatant defiance of the
Versailles Treaty.
SMS Westfalen ("His Majesty's ship
Westphalia") was one of the four
Nassau-classbattleships, which were the first
dreadnoughts built for the
German Imperial Navy. The ship served with her three
sister ships for the majority of
World War I, seeing extensive service in the
North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the
Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where Westfalen was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. After the end of the war, Westfalen was ceded to the Allies and was broken up for scrap by 1924.
The
Wehrmacht forces for the
Ardennes Offensive were the product of a German recruitment effort targeting German males between the ages of 16 and 60, to replace soldiers lost during five months of fighting against the
Western Allies in France. To prepare, the German high command increased the call-up age range and recruited from Eastern European countries controlled by German forces, increasing manpower on the Western Front from roughly 400,000 to just over one million soldiers. Hastily organized into new divisions, however, these infantrymen lacked training and sometimes even weapons.
The 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry was an
infantryregiment in the
Union army during the
American Civil War. Of the 1,100 who initially belonged to the unit, only 125 returned at the end of their three years of service. Of these losses, roughly 300 were killed in action or died from wounds received in action, approximately 500 were discharged due to wounds or disease, and approximately 175 were lost or discharged due to capture, resignation, or desertion.
The Bombing of Yawata on the night of 15/16 June 1944 was the first air raid on the
Japanese home islands conducted by
United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) land-based aircraft during
World War II. While the raid did not achieve its aims, it had other effects. It raised Japanese civilians' awareness that their country was being defeated and received unduly positive media coverage in the United States. Intelligence gathered by the B-29s also revealed weaknesses in Japan's air defenses and the raid was the first of many on Japan.
Ernest Augustus I (5 June 1771 – 18 November 1851) was
King of Hanover from 20 June 1837 until his death. He was the fifth son and eighth child of
George III, who reigned in both the
United Kingdom and Hanover.
SMS Blücher ("His Majesty's Ship Blücher") was the last
armored cruiser to be built by the
German Imperial Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). She was designed to match what German intelligence incorrectly believed to be the specifications of the British
Invincible-class battlecruisers. At the
Battle of Dogger Bank on 24 January 1915, Blücher was sunk; The number of casualties is unknown, with figures ranging from 747 to around 1,000.
Tarrare (c. 1772 – 1798), sometimes spelled Tarare, was a French showman and soldier, noted for his unusual eating habits. Able to eat vast amounts of meat, he was constantly hungry; his parents were unable to provide for him, and he was turned out of the family home as a teenager. He died in
Versailles as a result of severe
tuberculosis and a lengthy bout of
exudative diarrhoea.
The
Russian and
Soviet navies designed a series of
battlecruisers: the
Borodino,
Kronshtadt, and
Stalingrad classes. None of the three classes were ever completed; the four Borodino class ships were
launched but not completed, and only one Stalingrad class vessel was launched. Construction of the remaining ships was halted before their
hulls were finished.
ARA Moreno was the second
Rivadavia-classdreadnoughtbattleship built for the
Argentine Navy in in response to a Brazilian naval building program and border disputes. Moreno was delivered to Argentina in May 1915 and was based in
Puerto Belgrano.
Decommissioned in 1949, she was sold for
scrapping in February 1956. After a 96-day tow—which was then a world record—Moreno was scrapped in Japan.
The Battle of P'ohang-dong was an engagement between
United Nations and
North Korean forces early in the
Korean War, part of the
Battle of Pusan Perimeter. The battle ended in a victory for the United Nations after their forces were able to drive off an attempted offensive by three North Korean divisions in the mountainous eastern coast of the country. The battle was a turning point in the war for North Korean forces, which had seen previous victories owing to superior numbers and equipment, with the distances and demands exacted on them at P'ohang-dong rendering their supply lines untenable.
The Courageous class comprised three
battlecruisers known as "large light cruisers" built for the
Royal Navy during
World War I. Nominally designed to support
Admiral of the Fleet Lord
John Fisher's
Baltic Project, which was intended to land troops on the German Baltic Coast, ships of this
class were fast but very lightly armoured and armed with only a few heavy guns. All three ships were
laid up after the end of the war, but were rebuilt as
aircraft carriers during the 1920s. Glorious and Courageous were sunk early in
World War II and Furious was sold for
scrap in 1948.
Between 1933 and 1945, the organization of the Luftwaffe underwent several changes. Originally, the German military high command decided to use an organizational structure similar to the army and navy, treating the branch as a strategic weapon of war. Later on, during the period of rapid rearmament, the
Luftwaffe was organized more in a geographical fashion. The formation of the
Luftwaffe was announced in February 1935, with
ReichsmarschallHermann Göring as its Commander in Chief (
German: Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe), in blatant defiance of the
Versailles Treaty.
SMS Westfalen ("His Majesty's ship
Westphalia") was one of the four
Nassau-classbattleships, which were the first
dreadnoughts built for the
German Imperial Navy. The ship served with her three
sister ships for the majority of
World War I, seeing extensive service in the
North Sea, where she took part in several fleet sorties. These culminated in the
Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, where Westfalen was heavily engaged in night-fighting against British light forces. After the end of the war, Westfalen was ceded to the Allies and was broken up for scrap by 1924.
The
Wehrmacht forces for the
Ardennes Offensive were the product of a German recruitment effort targeting German males between the ages of 16 and 60, to replace soldiers lost during five months of fighting against the
Western Allies in France. To prepare, the German high command increased the call-up age range and recruited from Eastern European countries controlled by German forces, increasing manpower on the Western Front from roughly 400,000 to just over one million soldiers. Hastily organized into new divisions, however, these infantrymen lacked training and sometimes even weapons.