VideoWiki/Hepatitis C ( Tutorial) | |
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Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus, that primarily affects the liver. [1]
During the initial infection, people often have mild or no symptoms. [2] Occasionally they will have a fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, or yellow tinged skin called jaundice. [2]
About 80% of people who get the initial infection, will never completely fight off the hepatitis C virus, and it will persist in their liver. [2]
Over many years, the chronic infection of the liver, can lead to complications like a fatty liver, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. [2] Worldwide hepatitis C is the cause of 27% of cirrhosis cases, and 25% of hepatocellular carcinomas. [3]
Liver failure will also cause other problems, such as confusion, accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, and enlarged blood vessels in the esophagus or stomach that can cause serious bleeding. [1]
Hepatitis C is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact, associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, needlestick injuries in healthcare, and transfusions. [2] [4] It may also be spread from an infected mother, to her baby during birth. [2]
It is not spread by superficial contact, and the risk of being infected through a blood transfusion, can be reduced to one per two million, with proper blood screening. [2]
It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. [5]
Diagnosis is by blood testing to look for either antibodies to the virus or its RNA. [2] Testing is recommended in all people who are at risk. [2]
There is no vaccine against hepatitis C [2] [6]. Prevention includes harm reduction efforts for intravenous drug users, universal precautions for health care workers, condom use, and proper screening of donated blood. [7]
About 95% of people can be cured of the chronic infection, with antiviral medications such as sofosbuvir, or simeprevir. [2] [7] These drugs are effective but can be expensive. [7]
Earlier generation treatments such as peginterferon, and ribavirin are more affordable, but have cure rates of less than 50%, and greater side effects. [7] [8]
Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer, may require a liver transplant. [9] Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. [9]
As of 2015, about 2% of the worlds population was infected with the hepatitis C virus, causing 167,000 deaths due to liver cancer, and 326,000 deaths due to cirrhosis. [10] [11] It occurs most commonly in Africa, Central, and East Asia. [7]
The existence of hepatitis C (originally identifiable only as a type of non- A, non- B hepatitis) was suggested in the 1970s, and proven in 1989. [12] Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. [13]
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VideoWiki/Hepatitis C ( Tutorial) | |
---|---|
Link to Commons | |
Steps for video creation | |
Step 1 | Preview my changes (10 sec) |
Step 2 | Upload to Commons (10 min) |
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus, that primarily affects the liver. [1]
During the initial infection, people often have mild or no symptoms. [2] Occasionally they will have a fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, or yellow tinged skin called jaundice. [2]
About 80% of people who get the initial infection, will never completely fight off the hepatitis C virus, and it will persist in their liver. [2]
Over many years, the chronic infection of the liver, can lead to complications like a fatty liver, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. [2] Worldwide hepatitis C is the cause of 27% of cirrhosis cases, and 25% of hepatocellular carcinomas. [3]
Liver failure will also cause other problems, such as confusion, accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, and enlarged blood vessels in the esophagus or stomach that can cause serious bleeding. [1]
Hepatitis C is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact, associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, needlestick injuries in healthcare, and transfusions. [2] [4] It may also be spread from an infected mother, to her baby during birth. [2]
It is not spread by superficial contact, and the risk of being infected through a blood transfusion, can be reduced to one per two million, with proper blood screening. [2]
It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. [5]
Diagnosis is by blood testing to look for either antibodies to the virus or its RNA. [2] Testing is recommended in all people who are at risk. [2]
There is no vaccine against hepatitis C [2] [6]. Prevention includes harm reduction efforts for intravenous drug users, universal precautions for health care workers, condom use, and proper screening of donated blood. [7]
About 95% of people can be cured of the chronic infection, with antiviral medications such as sofosbuvir, or simeprevir. [2] [7] These drugs are effective but can be expensive. [7]
Earlier generation treatments such as peginterferon, and ribavirin are more affordable, but have cure rates of less than 50%, and greater side effects. [7] [8]
Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer, may require a liver transplant. [9] Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. [9]
As of 2015, about 2% of the worlds population was infected with the hepatitis C virus, causing 167,000 deaths due to liver cancer, and 326,000 deaths due to cirrhosis. [10] [11] It occurs most commonly in Africa, Central, and East Asia. [7]
The existence of hepatitis C (originally identifiable only as a type of non- A, non- B hepatitis) was suggested in the 1970s, and proven in 1989. [12] Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. [13]
{{
cite journal}}
: |first1=
has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
{{
cite journal}}
: |first1=
has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)