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Can anyone provide me with samples of the written orders military commanders would have given to their officers and troops in 17th century Europe? Thanks, Adambrowne666 02:19, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Hi, Adam. Here, below is the verbatim order issued on the eve of one of the most infamous incidents in British military history-the Massacre of Glencoe in February 1692;
You are hereby ordered to fall upon the Rebels, the McDonalds of Glenco, and putt all to the sword under seventy. You are to have a special care that the old Fox and his sons doe upon no account escape your hands, you are to secure all the avenues that no man escape. This you are to putt in execution at fyve of the clock precisely; and by that time, or very shortly after it, I'll strive to be att you with a stronger party: if I doe not come to you att fyve, you are not to tarry for me, but to fall on. This is by the Kings speciall command, for the good & safty of the Country, that these miscreants be cutt off root and branch. See that this be putt in execution without feud or favour, else you may expect to be dealt with as one not true to King nor Government, nor a man fitt to carry Commissione in the Kings service. Expecting you will not faill in the fullfilling hereof, as you love your selfe, I subscribe these with my hand att Balicholis Feb: 12, 1692. Signed R. Duncanson.
The order was issued by Major Duncanson of the Earl of Argyll's Regiment of Foot to Captain Robert Campbell, the officer on the spot. You can probably detect from the threatening tone of the command, the inferences to the penalties for failure, that Campbell had no advanced knowledge of the task before him. I wasn't sure if this would be any use to you. It is certainly a seventeenth century military order, though hardly typical. The general form-laying out tasks and targets-is probably fairly standard, though. Clio the Muse 00:06, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
It's just the thing! - I wanted a feeling for the tone of such things - 'put all to the sword', 'expecting you will not fail in the fulfilling thereof'. Thanks so much, Clio. Hope all's well for you. Thanks to Angus, too; you certainly got further than I did, anyway. Adambrowne666 19:01, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
I've amended my question above (of Nov. 9) on this topic. Any help appreciated! (Please post to original question.) Thanks. LuckyThracian 02:55, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Could any one attribute this quote: "Dreimal 100 Advokaten – Vaterland, du bist verraten; dreimal 100 Professoren – Vaterland, du bist verloren!" It was used to refer to the 1848-49 Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, but the question is by who? C mon 13:00, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I'm trying to draw parallels between the fall of the Roman and the British empires. I accept that the two events are not strictly comparable, but I'm just looking to paint a very broad picture. The Roman Empire was essentially on the defensive from the third century onwards, perhaps even earlier. At what point can it be said that the British Empire was also entirely on the defensive? Is there a military-historical event in the life of the British Empire comparable with the Roman defeat at Adrianople in 378 and the subsequent breach of the western frontier? Once again let me stress I am not looking for an exact comparison, merely a broad outline. It's all part of my Spenglerian thesis of decline. Thank you. General joffe 13:50, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I think I can see where you are coming from, General joffe, and, yes, it probably is possible to make out, in very broad outline, some form of Spenglerian model of decline and fall. The chief difference is that in the case of the Roman Empire the transformations took place over centuries, whereas in the British case events can be telescoped into the half century between about 1900 and 1950. It might be said that when empires cease to expand they start to decline. Roman expansion really comes to an end with the death of Trajan in 117AD. Thereafter the empire went from consolidation to defense and, in time, to the defensive. By the late nineteenth century the British Empire had reached the same defensive stage; its purpose was to deter aggression, not to prosecute war. The Empire emerged from the Great War in some ways not that much better than the Romans after the Crisis of the Third Century-the enemy had been defeated but victory had brought a whole series of new and insurmountable economic, political and structural problems. So, was there a British Adrianople and when did it come? In contrast to Xn4 I would say that there was. It came in 1942 with the Fall of Singapore, itself the very symbol of imperial defence. It was, as Churchill put it, "the greatest disaster and largest capitulation in British history." It did not just bring defeat it shattered the very idea of Empire. The resurrection of 1945 was the hollowest of shells. For the forts on the Rhine were now empty. Clio the Muse 00:38, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
Hi, I've been trying to play the keyboards in my room although I am having a lot of trouble alternating my fingering on the black and white keys (flats, sharps, and naturals). I already know how to play the white keys from highest to low in the two black key region, A, B, C, D, E, F, G. And then the blacks, A#/Bb, B#/Cb, D#/ Eb, F#/Gb, G#/Ab. But for the most part I am having quite a bit of trouble trying to know all the notes on the treble clef. There's FACE, EGBDAF, though I am unsure if that's all of them. Does anyone know all the notes to the treble clef including the confusing middle C and lines and spaces?-- 70.251.209.117 14:33, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
:Trying to work out what you are asking, do you have some manuscript paper in front of you, or could you draw out the basic stave on some paper? Just five lines equally spaced. Now try and draw a treble clef, remembering that you don't have to make it look exactly like the ones you see in print. Just make sure the basic shape is right, and the spiral is around the right line.
:Now see if you can write a C-major scale. Forget about FACE and EGBDAF for now, just write a C-major scale. To do this, start with a middle C (I'd use crochets/quarter notes, but you can use whichever sort you like). Middle C is the one you draw on one ledger line below your stave, so that's one short line underneath your other lines, about as far apart from the bottom line as the bottom line is from the one above. Draw your note on the line, so that a little bit of the line pokes out each side of the note (if the line is too long, rub it out). This is middle C.
:Now write your D above middle C; this is just the next note up, directly underneath the bottom line. The next note up after that (E) is on the first line, skewered by it, and the next note (F) is in the first space. Keep going, putting notes alternately in lines and spaces, and you can label them with the scale (C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C). Your second C should be in the space above the centre line.
:You can keep going up if you like, but if you go about the second G you'll need more ledger lines (and I think will confuse yourself at present). Write out a C-major scale, then you can use it for reference. Hope this helps or, if it doesn't, enables you to ask your question more clearly! Skittle 15:59, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
anybody know this? how much are euros to a canadian dollar? if im wrong, vice versa? Jwking 16:57, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I have a German account of the Battle of the Somme which makes reference to the British firing 'toffee apples' into their trenches. Obviously this is an expression for some kind of shell or explosive; it sure as hell is not a candy apple! The question is what kind of explosive? I thought they might be hand grenades, but toffee apple does not really describe the British Mills bomb adequately, more of a pineapple shape. Besides these attacks are not followed by infantry assaults. Thanks for your help. 86.151.241.167 17:18, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Oscar Wilde seems to have been sent down from Oxford in the spring of 1877. Does anyone know why? MindyE 19:09, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I was wondering if the O'Shea divorce case was sufficient cause to explain the political demise of Charles Stewart Parnell? Irishbard 19:54, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
And is there, indeed, any candidate from either party that is against it? Thank you —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.105.53.127 ( talk) 20:28, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Ron Paul is against the death penalty. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ex-yp10yLvs —Preceding unsigned comment added by 161.28.144.36 ( talk) 20:41, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Yes,thank you,but Mr. Paul is opposed to "federal death penalty",yet he do not dares to say he is against death penalty in general.Plus he said he used to support it.
As for Kucinich,I think that is not correct,I am pretty sure he said he is in favour of it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.105.53.127 ( talk) 21:26, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Is it true that dogs were hanged in the Salem Witch Trials? I forget where I read this, and I wasn't sure if it was true. Thanks! Grango242 22:36, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
In a report of an incident in the Occupied Netherlands, a collection of four diamond rings (one with a single 18 carat stone) was valuated at 30.000 florins. How to find out what that would be worth in today's currency? (USD or Euro) -- Thanks, Deborahjay 23:53, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Humanities desk | ||
---|---|---|
< November 12 | << Oct | November | Dec >> | November 14 > |
Welcome to the Wikipedia Humanities Reference Desk Archives |
---|
The page you are currently viewing is an archive page. While you can leave answers for any questions shown below, please ask new questions on one of the current reference desk pages. |
Can anyone provide me with samples of the written orders military commanders would have given to their officers and troops in 17th century Europe? Thanks, Adambrowne666 02:19, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Hi, Adam. Here, below is the verbatim order issued on the eve of one of the most infamous incidents in British military history-the Massacre of Glencoe in February 1692;
You are hereby ordered to fall upon the Rebels, the McDonalds of Glenco, and putt all to the sword under seventy. You are to have a special care that the old Fox and his sons doe upon no account escape your hands, you are to secure all the avenues that no man escape. This you are to putt in execution at fyve of the clock precisely; and by that time, or very shortly after it, I'll strive to be att you with a stronger party: if I doe not come to you att fyve, you are not to tarry for me, but to fall on. This is by the Kings speciall command, for the good & safty of the Country, that these miscreants be cutt off root and branch. See that this be putt in execution without feud or favour, else you may expect to be dealt with as one not true to King nor Government, nor a man fitt to carry Commissione in the Kings service. Expecting you will not faill in the fullfilling hereof, as you love your selfe, I subscribe these with my hand att Balicholis Feb: 12, 1692. Signed R. Duncanson.
The order was issued by Major Duncanson of the Earl of Argyll's Regiment of Foot to Captain Robert Campbell, the officer on the spot. You can probably detect from the threatening tone of the command, the inferences to the penalties for failure, that Campbell had no advanced knowledge of the task before him. I wasn't sure if this would be any use to you. It is certainly a seventeenth century military order, though hardly typical. The general form-laying out tasks and targets-is probably fairly standard, though. Clio the Muse 00:06, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
It's just the thing! - I wanted a feeling for the tone of such things - 'put all to the sword', 'expecting you will not fail in the fulfilling thereof'. Thanks so much, Clio. Hope all's well for you. Thanks to Angus, too; you certainly got further than I did, anyway. Adambrowne666 19:01, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
I've amended my question above (of Nov. 9) on this topic. Any help appreciated! (Please post to original question.) Thanks. LuckyThracian 02:55, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Could any one attribute this quote: "Dreimal 100 Advokaten – Vaterland, du bist verraten; dreimal 100 Professoren – Vaterland, du bist verloren!" It was used to refer to the 1848-49 Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, but the question is by who? C mon 13:00, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I'm trying to draw parallels between the fall of the Roman and the British empires. I accept that the two events are not strictly comparable, but I'm just looking to paint a very broad picture. The Roman Empire was essentially on the defensive from the third century onwards, perhaps even earlier. At what point can it be said that the British Empire was also entirely on the defensive? Is there a military-historical event in the life of the British Empire comparable with the Roman defeat at Adrianople in 378 and the subsequent breach of the western frontier? Once again let me stress I am not looking for an exact comparison, merely a broad outline. It's all part of my Spenglerian thesis of decline. Thank you. General joffe 13:50, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I think I can see where you are coming from, General joffe, and, yes, it probably is possible to make out, in very broad outline, some form of Spenglerian model of decline and fall. The chief difference is that in the case of the Roman Empire the transformations took place over centuries, whereas in the British case events can be telescoped into the half century between about 1900 and 1950. It might be said that when empires cease to expand they start to decline. Roman expansion really comes to an end with the death of Trajan in 117AD. Thereafter the empire went from consolidation to defense and, in time, to the defensive. By the late nineteenth century the British Empire had reached the same defensive stage; its purpose was to deter aggression, not to prosecute war. The Empire emerged from the Great War in some ways not that much better than the Romans after the Crisis of the Third Century-the enemy had been defeated but victory had brought a whole series of new and insurmountable economic, political and structural problems. So, was there a British Adrianople and when did it come? In contrast to Xn4 I would say that there was. It came in 1942 with the Fall of Singapore, itself the very symbol of imperial defence. It was, as Churchill put it, "the greatest disaster and largest capitulation in British history." It did not just bring defeat it shattered the very idea of Empire. The resurrection of 1945 was the hollowest of shells. For the forts on the Rhine were now empty. Clio the Muse 00:38, 14 November 2007 (UTC)
Hi, I've been trying to play the keyboards in my room although I am having a lot of trouble alternating my fingering on the black and white keys (flats, sharps, and naturals). I already know how to play the white keys from highest to low in the two black key region, A, B, C, D, E, F, G. And then the blacks, A#/Bb, B#/Cb, D#/ Eb, F#/Gb, G#/Ab. But for the most part I am having quite a bit of trouble trying to know all the notes on the treble clef. There's FACE, EGBDAF, though I am unsure if that's all of them. Does anyone know all the notes to the treble clef including the confusing middle C and lines and spaces?-- 70.251.209.117 14:33, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
:Trying to work out what you are asking, do you have some manuscript paper in front of you, or could you draw out the basic stave on some paper? Just five lines equally spaced. Now try and draw a treble clef, remembering that you don't have to make it look exactly like the ones you see in print. Just make sure the basic shape is right, and the spiral is around the right line.
:Now see if you can write a C-major scale. Forget about FACE and EGBDAF for now, just write a C-major scale. To do this, start with a middle C (I'd use crochets/quarter notes, but you can use whichever sort you like). Middle C is the one you draw on one ledger line below your stave, so that's one short line underneath your other lines, about as far apart from the bottom line as the bottom line is from the one above. Draw your note on the line, so that a little bit of the line pokes out each side of the note (if the line is too long, rub it out). This is middle C.
:Now write your D above middle C; this is just the next note up, directly underneath the bottom line. The next note up after that (E) is on the first line, skewered by it, and the next note (F) is in the first space. Keep going, putting notes alternately in lines and spaces, and you can label them with the scale (C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C). Your second C should be in the space above the centre line.
:You can keep going up if you like, but if you go about the second G you'll need more ledger lines (and I think will confuse yourself at present). Write out a C-major scale, then you can use it for reference. Hope this helps or, if it doesn't, enables you to ask your question more clearly! Skittle 15:59, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
anybody know this? how much are euros to a canadian dollar? if im wrong, vice versa? Jwking 16:57, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I have a German account of the Battle of the Somme which makes reference to the British firing 'toffee apples' into their trenches. Obviously this is an expression for some kind of shell or explosive; it sure as hell is not a candy apple! The question is what kind of explosive? I thought they might be hand grenades, but toffee apple does not really describe the British Mills bomb adequately, more of a pineapple shape. Besides these attacks are not followed by infantry assaults. Thanks for your help. 86.151.241.167 17:18, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Oscar Wilde seems to have been sent down from Oxford in the spring of 1877. Does anyone know why? MindyE 19:09, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
I was wondering if the O'Shea divorce case was sufficient cause to explain the political demise of Charles Stewart Parnell? Irishbard 19:54, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
And is there, indeed, any candidate from either party that is against it? Thank you —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.105.53.127 ( talk) 20:28, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Ron Paul is against the death penalty. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ex-yp10yLvs —Preceding unsigned comment added by 161.28.144.36 ( talk) 20:41, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Yes,thank you,but Mr. Paul is opposed to "federal death penalty",yet he do not dares to say he is against death penalty in general.Plus he said he used to support it.
As for Kucinich,I think that is not correct,I am pretty sure he said he is in favour of it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.105.53.127 ( talk) 21:26, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
Is it true that dogs were hanged in the Salem Witch Trials? I forget where I read this, and I wasn't sure if it was true. Thanks! Grango242 22:36, 13 November 2007 (UTC)
In a report of an incident in the Occupied Netherlands, a collection of four diamond rings (one with a single 18 carat stone) was valuated at 30.000 florins. How to find out what that would be worth in today's currency? (USD or Euro) -- Thanks, Deborahjay 23:53, 13 November 2007 (UTC)