Nabal (
JE | WPGWPG) Calebite noble who appears in one of the incidents which marked David's wanderings (I Sam. xxv.). Nabal was a man of great ...
Nabataeans (
JE | WPGWPG) Semitic tribe or group of tribes which overran the ancient Edomite country and established a kingdom which extended from Damascus ...
Nabon>>Jonah NabonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish family which, from the seventeenth century onward, produced several rabbinical writers. It had several branches, of ...
Naboth (
JE | WPGWPG) Jezreelite of the time of Ahab, King of Israel; owner of a small plot of ground near Jezreel (II Kings ix. 21, 25-26) and ...
Nadab (
JE | WPGWPG) Eldest son of Aaron and Elisheba; one of the leaders of the children of Israel who went with Moses to Sinai and "saw the God ...
Simon Yakovlevich Nadson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian poet; born at St. Petersburg Dec. 26, 1862; died at Yalta Dec. 31, 1886. His father was a Jew who had entered the ...
Moses ben Judah NagariJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Philosophical writer. According to Steinschneider, he lived at Rome about 1300, and his name should be read "Na'ar" () ...
Nagasaki (
JE | WPGWPG) Commercial seaport in the ken of the same name, Japan. Of its Jewish community most of the members emigrated from Russia ...
Benjamin Shalom Nagawkar (
JE | WPGWPG) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay before 1830. He enlisted in the 25th Regiment Bombay Native Light Infantry July 1, 1848 ...
Samuel Moses Nagawkar (
JE | WPGWPG) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1810. He enlisted in the 10th Regiment Native Infantry Oct. 1, 1832. He was on foreign ...
Nagy-Kanizsa (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian town, in the county of Szalad. The antiquity of its disused cemetery, which dates back to the end of the seventeenth ...
Nahman ben Hayyim ha-Kohen (
JE | WPGWPG) French tosafist; flourished toward the end of the twelfth century. As Gross concludes from "Kol Bo" (ed. Venice, 1562), No ...
Nahman bar Isaac (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; died in 356; like Raba, a pupil of R. Nachman b. Jacob. While he was still ...
Nahman bar JacobJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian amora of the third generation; died 320; pupil of Mar Samuel. He was chief justice of the Jews who were subject ...
Nahman b. Samuel ha-Levi (
JE | WPGWPG) Frankist; rabbi of Busk, Galicia; lived in the first part of the eighteenth century. When Mikulski, the administrator of the ...
Nahman b. Simhah of Bratzlav (
JE | WPGWPG) Founder of the Ḥasidic sect known as "Bratzlaver Ḥasidim"; born at Miedzyboz (Medzhibozh), Podolia, Oct. 9, 1770 ...
Nahmias (
Naamias,
Nehmias) (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the most ancient and prominent Jewish families of Toledo. The oldest member known is Joseph Nachmias, son-in-law ...
Joseph Nahmoli (
JE | WPGWPG) Talmudist and rabbi of Larissa in the eighteenth century; father-in-law of Isaac ibn Shangi (author of "Be'er Yiẓ ...
Nahor (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Serug; father of Terah and, consequently, grandfather of Abraham. He is said to have lived one hundred and forty-eight ...
NahshonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Amminadab; descendant in the fifth generation from Judah and brother-in-law of Aaron (Ex. vi. 23; I Chron. ii. 4-10) ...
Nahshon ben ZadokJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon; head of the Academy of Sura from 874 to 882, in succession to Mar Amram ben Sheshna. He wrote explanations to difficult ...
Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the so-called Minor Prophets. He is called, in the title of his book, "Nahum the Elkoshite". Where Elkosh was is not ...
Book of Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the Minor Prophetical works which centers about the overflow of Nineveh. The dispirited people of Judah are aroused ...
Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) Liturgical poet; lived about 1300, probably in southern Spain. He possessed unusual talent. Some of his poems have been translated ...
Nahum Eliezer ben Jacob (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of the second half of the seventeenth and the first half of the eighteenth century; born about 1660; diedabout 1746 ...
41–60
Nahum of GimzoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the second generation (first century). In the Talmud (Ta'an. 21a; Yer. Shek. v. 15) he is called "ish gam ...
Nahum the Mede (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the first generation (first century); lived in Jerusalem. According to R. Nathan, he was one of the three most renowned ...
Menahem Nahum, of Chernobyl (
JE | WPGWPG) Ḥasidic leader in the last part of the eighteenth century. He was a pupil of Baer of Meseritz, by whom he was sent to ...
Nahum ben Simai (
JE | WPGWPG) Palestinian amora of the third century; a son of the tanna Simai. He is cited as "Menahem" in Pes. 104a and in M. K ...
Nahum ben Uzziel Kaplan (Reb
Nahum Grodner) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Preacher and philanthropist; born 1811; died at Grodno Oct. 25, 1879. Though he was a great Talmudist, he preferred to hold ...
Nail (
JE | WPGWPG) the finger nail. In Hebrew the corresponding word occurs only in the plural, (Deut. xxi. 12), the singular of which denotes ...
Naioth (
JE | WPGWPG) Place in which David and Samuel took refuge when the former was pursued by Saul (I Sam. xix. 18 et seq., xx. 1). The meaning ...
Najera,
Nagera (
JE | WPGWPG) City in Spain, situated between Logroño and Burgos. In the tenth century it had a prosperous Jewish community. In the ...
Nakdanim (
JE | WPGWPG) Punctuators or Masoretic annotators; the successors of the Masorites proper. Their activity consisted in collecting and conserving ...
Names (
Personal) >>Jewish nameJE (
JE | WPGWPG) the conferring of a name upon a person was in early Biblical times generally connected with some circumstance of birth; several ...
Names of God (
JE | WPGWPG) Like other Hebrew proper names, the name of God is more than a mere distinguishing title. It represents the Hebrew conception ...
Nancy (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, France, and the ancient capital of Lorraine; seat of a consistory whose ...
Nantes (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of the Loire-Inférieure, France. According to Camille Mellinet ("La Commune et la Milice ...
Naomi (
JE | WPGWPG) Wife of Elimelech and mother-in-law of Ruth. Naomi accompanied her husband and two sons into the land of Moab; but after the ...
Naphtali (
JE | WPGWPG) Second son of Jacob and Bilhah, and younger full brother of Dan. According to Gen. xxx. 8, the name means "my wrestling", ...
Tribe of NaphtaliJE (
JE | WPGWPG) According to the two enumerations of the Israelites given in the Book of Numbers (i.-iii., xxvi.), the adult males of Naphtali ...
Naphtali ben David (
JE | WPGWPG) Hebrew author; born at Witzenhausen, Germany; lived in Amsterdam at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He belonged to ...
Naphtali Herz ben Jacob Elhanan (
JE | WPGWPG) German cabalist; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main in the second half of the sixteenth century. He lived in Palestine and was ...
Naphtali Hirsch ben Menahem (
JE | WPGWPG) President of the community of Lemberg in the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Perush ha-Millot", explanations of difficult ...
Naphtali Hirz ben Jacob Goslar (
JE | WPGWPG) German rabbi and philosopher of the eighteenth century. After acting as dayyan at Halberstadt for some time, he settled at ...
Naphtali b. Isaac ha-Kohen ((dupe of
C624)) (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish-German rabbi; born in Ostrov, Poland, 1649; died at Constantinople 1719. His father was rabbi of Ostrov. In 1663 Naphtali ...
Napoleon Bonaparte (
JE | WPGWPG) Emperor of the French; born in Ajaccio, Corsica, Aug. 15, 1769; died at St. Helena in 1821. Only those incidents in his career ...
Alfred Joseph Naquet (
JE | WPGWPG) French chemist and politician; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Oct. 6, 1834. After studying in Paris he graduated as M.D. in ...
David ben Joseph Narboni (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi; lived at Narbonne, France, in the first half of the twelfth century. He was probably the son of Joseph Gaon of Narbonne ...
Narbonne (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town in the department of Aude, France. Jews were settled here as early as the fifth century. They lived on the whole ...
Nard (
JE | WPGWPG) A species of Valeriana spica Vahl = Nardostachys Jatamansi de Candolle, growing in eastern Asia. It was well known to the ...
NareshJE (
JE | WPGWPG) City in Babylonia, situated near Sura (Letter of Sherira Gaon, in Neubauer, "M. J. C." i. 32) on a canal (B. M. 93b). It may ...
Moses Narol (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of Metz; father of the physician Tobias Cohn; died at Metz in 1659. Narol was rabbi and physician at Narol, Galicia ...
Sinai Simon Nascher (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian writer; born at Szent Miklos, Liptau, March 16, 1841; died at Baja July 25, 1901. He studied at Baja and Berlin ...
Nashim (
JE | WPGWPG) Third order of the Talmud, treating of betrothal, marriage, divorce, and in general of all the relations of woman to man ....
Joseph Nasi, Duke of Naxos (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish statesman and financier; born in Portugal at the beginning of the sixteenth century; died at Constantinople Aug. 2 ...
81–100
Reyna Nasi (
JE | WPGWPG) Duchess of Naxos; born in Portugal; only daughter of the Marano Francisco Mendes-Nasi and Gracia Mendesia (Beatrice de Luna) ...
Nassau (
JE | WPGWPG) Formerly a German dukedom; since 1866 it has formed a part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. In 1865, immediately ...
Adolf Ritter von Nassau (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian journalist; born at Pohrlitz, Moravia, Dec. 25, 1834; educated at Vienna. He became stenographer to the Austrian ...
Isaac b. Solomon Nataf (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Tunis, Africa, at the end of the eighteenth and in the beginning of the nineteenth century. He was the author of ...
Natality (
JE | WPGWPG) Proportionate number of births in a population, generally measured by the number per thousand of population. Since the writing ...
Ludwik Natanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish physician; brother of Henryk Natanson; born 1821; died at Warsaw June 6, 1896. He studied medicine at the universities ...
Zaïre Martel Nathalie [
fr (
JE | WPGWPG) French actress; born at Tournon, Seine-et-Marne, Sept. 3, 1816; died Nov. 17, 1885. She made her début at the Folies ...
Nathan+ (
JE | WPGWPG) Prophet; lived in the reign of David. On three occasions he appears as the king's successful adviser. In connection with ...
NathanJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Palestinian tanna of the third generation (2d cent.); son of a Babylonian exilarch. For some unknown reason he left Babylonia ...
Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) American family that has been identified with both the general and the Jewish community of New York city since the latter ...
Nathan of Avignon (
JE | WPGWPG) Talmudist; lived in the second half of the fourteenth century. He was the author of "Hilkot Shechiṭah u-Bediḳ ...
Barnett Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English dramatic and musical entrepreneur; born in 1793; died in London Dec. 6, 1856. Nathan was also a teacher of dancing ...
Elias Salomon Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) German physician and author; born at Eutin about 1806; died at Hamburg July 5, 1862; educated at Kiel (M.D. 1830). He took ...
Isaac Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English musician and composer; born at Canterbury, England, in 1792; died at Sydney, N. S. W., Jan. 15, 1864. He was intended ...
Nathan b. Isaac Jacob Bonn (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Mayence, and later at Hamburg, in the middle of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Shikchat Leḳ ...
Nathan ben Isaac ha-Kohen HababliJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian historian of the tenth century. He was the author of a history of the exilarchate that gives many interesting details ...
Nathan Jedidiah ben Eliezer (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian poet; born at Orvieto in 1607. In 1625, being then at Sienna, he paraphrased in Hebrew terza-rima three "widduyim": ...
Nathan ben JehielJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian lexicographer; born in Rome not later than 1035; died in 1106. He belonged to one of the most notable Roman families ...
Nathan ben Joel Falaquera (
Palaquera) (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish physician of the latter half of the thirteenth century; perhaps identical with Nathan of Montpellier, the teacher ...
Nathan ben Joseph 'Official (
JE | WPGWPG) French rabbi and controversialist; lived at Sens in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was one of the most famous ...
Nathan Judah ben SolomonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Provençal physician of the fourteenth century. His Provençal names were En Bongodas and Bonjues and he was probably ...
Nathan b. Labi (
b. Judah) (
JE | WPGWPG) German liturgist; lived at the beginning of the fourteenth century. He was the author of a liturgical work entitled "Sefer ...
Nathan ben Machir (
JE | WPGWPG) French Talumdist of the eleventh century. He was the brother of the liturgical poet Menahem b. Machir, to whom he gave responsa ...
Sir
Matthew Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English soldier and administrator; born in London Jan. 3, 1862; son of Jonah Nathan. He joined the Royal Engineers on May ...
Nathan ben Meïr of Trinquetaille (
JE | WPGWPG) French Talmudist and Biblical commentator; flourished in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. He was the paternal grandfather ...
Nathan Mordecai (
JE | WPGWPG) French physician; lived at Avignon in the middle of the fifteenth century. He was in correspondence with Joseph Colon, who ...
Nathan ben Samuel (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish physician; flourished, as far as is known, at the beginning of the fourteenth century. He is designated in some manuscripts ...
Wolf ben Abraham Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) German Biblical exegete and theologian; born at Dessau July 8, 1751; died there Sept. 6, 1784. He wrote a commentary on the ...
The Exilarch
Nathan de-Zuzita (
JE | WPGWPG) According to Joseph b. Ḥama (Shab. 56b), Nathan de-Zuzita is to be identified with the exilarch 'Uḳ ...
121–140
Nathanael of Chinon (
JE | WPGWPG) French tosafist; flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director ...
Bernhard Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian-Hebrew journalist and author; born at Satanow, Podolia, April 15, 1832. He received his early Hebrew education under ...
Jacob Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish professor of chemistry; born at Warsaw 1832; died there Sept. 14, 1884; educated at the University of Dorpat. In 1862 ...
Joseph Saul Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish rabbi and author; born at Berzan 1808; died at Lemberg March 4, 1875; son of Aryeh Lebush Nathanson, rabbi at Berzan ...
Marcus Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian scholar; born at Wilna 1793; died at Telsh, government of Kovno, June 10, 1868. He was the son-in-law of Joshua Zeitels ...
Mendel Levin Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Danish merchant, editor, and economist; born in Altona Nov. 20, 1780; died in Copenhagen Oct. 6, 1868. When only eighteen ...
National Farm School (
JE | WPGWPG) American institution having for its object the training of Jewish lads in practical and scientific agriculture; situated at ...
The
Seventy nations and languages (
JE | WPGWPG) the haggadic assumption that there are seventy nations and languages in the world is based upon the ethnological table given ...
Natronai II, b. Hilai JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of the academy at Sura early in the second half of the ninth century; he succeeded Sar Shalom. His father had occupied ...
Natronai b. Nehemiah (
Mar Yanka) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of Pumbedita from 719 to 730; son-in-law of the exilarch Ḥasdai I. Vain of his family connections and secure in ...
Samuel NaumbourgJE (
JE | WPGWPG) French composer; born at Dennenlohe, Bavaria, March 15, 1817; died at Saint-Mandé, near Paris, May 1, 1880. After having ...
Jacob Naumburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of Mayence and Offenbach at the end of the eighteenth century. He was the grandson of Jonah Te'omim, the author ...
Louis Naumburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Cantor; born in Treuchtlingen, Bavaria, 1813; died in New York city March 4, 1902. He was descended from a family of cantors ...
Abram Navarra (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Casale (Casale-Monferrato) in 1650. Responsa by him are found, in manuscript, in the collections of David Kaufmann ...
Navarre (
JE | WPGWPG) Former kingdom in Spain, surrounded by Aragon, Castile, and the Basque Provinces; now comprised in the provinces of Navarre ...
Navarro (
JE | WPGWPG) Portuguese family, the following members of which became well known: Judah ben Moses Navarro: Son of Moses Navarro, body-physician ...
Navigation (
JE | WPGWPG) That the Israelites, practically, did not engage in navigation is due to the fact that they never held the sea-coast for any ...
Nazarenes (
JE | WPGWPG) Sect of primitive Christianity; it appears to have embraced all those Christians who had been born Jews and who neither would ...
141–160
Nazareth (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in Galilee, situated in a valley to the north of the plain of Esdraelon. It is about 1,200 feet above the level of the ...
Nazarite (
JE | WPGWPG) One who lives apart; one who has made a vow of abstinence; in the former sense used as early as Sifra, Emor, iv. 3; Sifre ...
NazirJE (
JE | WPGWPG) A treatise of the Mishnah and the Tosefta and in both Talmuds, devoted chiefly to a discussion of the laws laid down in Num ...
Isaac Nazir (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the earliest cabalists. According to an account which is not altogether trustworthy, he was the real founder of cabalistic ...
Johann August Wilhelm Neander (
JE | WPGWPG) German Church historian; born at Göttingen Jan. 17, 1789; died at Berlin July 14, 1850. Prior to his baptism his name ...
Mount Nebo (
JE | WPGWPG) According to Deut. xxxii. 49 and xxxiv. 1-3, it was from this mountain that Moses, just before his death, surveyed the promised ...
Nebraska (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the central units of the United States of America; admitted into the Union in 1854. Jews traversed the state on their ...
Nebuchadnezzar (
JE | WPGWPG) the son of Nabopolassar; became king of Babylon in 604 B.C. as Assyria was on the decline; died 561.His name, either in this ...
Nebushasban (
JE | WPGWPG) the first-named of the four chief officers sent by Nebuzar-adan to take Jeremiah out of the court of the guard (Jer. xxxix ...
Nebuzar-adan (
JE | WPGWPG) Captain of Nebuchadnezzar's body-guard. Nebuzar-adan entered Jerusalem in 586 B.C., burned the Temple, the king's ...
Necho (
JE | WPGWPG) King of Egypt from 610 to 594 B.C.; son of Psam(m)ethik I., of the twenty-sixth Egyptian dynasty. According to Herodotus (ii ...
Necromancy (
JE | WPGWPG) Divination by aid of the dead is said to have been common among the Persians (Strabo, xvi. 2, 39, νεκυ ...
Nedarim (
JE | WPGWPG) A treatise in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and both Talmuds, devoted chiefly to a discussion of the regulations contained in Num ...
Judah Nehama [
he (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish rabbi; born in Salonica 1825; died there 1899. He was rabbi in his native place; for many years vice-president of ...
Nehardea (
Nearda) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Babylonia, situated at or near the junction of the Euphrates with the Nahr Malka; one of the earliest centers of Babylonian ...
Nehemiah (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Hachaliah; rebuilder of the walls of Jerusalem. The sole source of information about Nehemiah is the canonical book ...
Book of NehemiahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) A work ascribed to Nehemiah, but bearing in some canons the title Esdras II. or Esdras III., having been attributed to Ezra ...
Nehemiah of Beth-horon (
JE | WPGWPG) Amora of the first generation; lived in the third century at Beth-horon, a small town northwest of Jerusalem. In the different ...
Nehemiah ha-Kohen (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish cabalist and Shabbethaian preacher; died at Amsterdam shortly after 1690, or, according to another account, in Poland ...
Nehemiah ben Kohen Zedek (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of Pumbedita from 960 to 968. While his predecessor, Aaron b. Sargado, was still in office, Nehemiah tried to have him ...
Nehunya ben ha-KanahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the first and second centuries. It appears from B. B. 10b that Nechunya was a contemporary, but not a pupil ...
Nehushtan (
JE | WPGWPG) Bronze figure of a serpent which was broken in pieces by Hezekiah at the beginningof his reign (II Kings xviii. 4). It was ...
Neighboring Landowners (
JE | WPGWPG) the legal maxim "Sic utere tuo ut alienum non lædas" (So use your own that you may not injure another's [property]) ...
Ne'ilah (
JE | WPGWPG) the last of the five services held on the Day of Atonement. The earliest mention of it is in the Mishnah (Ta'an. 26a) ...
Julia (Mrs Fred Terry) Neilson (
JE | WPGWPG) English actress; born in London 1868; educated at Wiesbaden, Germany. Returning to London in 1883, she became a student at ...
181–200
Albert Neisser (
JE | WPGWPG) German dermatologist; born at Schweidnitz Jan. 22, 1855. His father, Moritz Neisser, was physician and "Geheimer Sanitä ...
Ambrosius Neményi (
Neumann) (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian deputy; born at Peczel 1852; died in Budapest Dec. 13, 1904; studied law at Vienna and Paris (LL.D., Budapest)....
Nemirov (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the government of Podolia, Russian Poland. Of the period before 1648 it is only known that Nemirov was one of the ...
Graziadio (Hananeel) Nepi (
Neppi) (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian rabbi and physician; born in 1759 at Ferrara; died Jan. 18, 1836, at Cento. He studied at Ferrara for twelve years ...
Nergal (
JE | WPGWPG) God of the Babylonian city of Cuthah or Cuth or Kutu. In II Kings xvii. 30 it is said that the men of Cuth, whom Sargon settled ...
Nero (
JE | WPGWPG) Roman emperor; born at Antium Dec. 15, 37 C.E.; died near Rome in 68. His original name was Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, but ...
Nervous Diseases (
JE | WPGWPG) the Jews are more subject to diseases of the nervous system than the other races and peoples among which they dwell. Hysteria ...
Nesek (
JE | WPGWPG) Wine consecrated to use in idolatrous worship and therefore absolutely forbidden to a Jew. In a broader sense "nesek", or ...
Nesvizh (
JE | WPGWPG) Small town in the government of Minsk, Russia; it was in existence in the thirteenth century. The census of 1897 gives it ...
Nethaneel ben IsaiahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Yemenite commentator and poet of the fourteenth century; author of a homiletic commentary on the Pentateuch entitled "Nur ...
Nethinim (
JE | WPGWPG) Temple officials. They are first heard of as returning from Babylon to Palestine, after the Exile, in two batches, one numbering ...
Charles Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) French philanthropist; born at Strasburg in 1828; died at Jaffa, Palestine, Oct. 2, 1882. He studied at Strasburg and Belfort ...
Eugene Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) Roman Catholic archbishop at Manila; born 1840 at Bergheim, near Colmar, in Alsace. At the age of fourteen he and his brother ...
201 to 300
201–220
Justin Arnold Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) French physician; born at Strasburg Sept. 20, 1855. He studied in the hospitals of Paris between 1876 and 1884 ("externe", ...
Adolf NeubauerJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Sublibrarian at the Bodleian Library and reader in Rabbinic Hebrew at Oxford University; born at Bittse, Hungary, March 11 ...
Joseph Neuberg (
JE | WPGWPG) English litterateur; secretary to Thomas Carlyle; born at Würzburg, Bavaria, May 21, 1806; died in London March 23, 1867 ...
Ferdinand Neuburger (
JE | WPGWPG) German dramatist; born at Düsseldorf Aug. 28, 1839; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main Oct. 27, 1895. He began life as a tutor ...
Max Neuburger (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian physician; born Dec. 8, 1868, at Vienna, at whose university he studied medicine (M.D. 1893). After three years of ...
Abraham NeudaJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian rabbi; born at Loschitz, Moravia, in 1812; died there Feb. 22, 1854. He was the son of R. Aaron Neuda of Loschitz ...
Daniel Neufeld (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish writer; born at Praszka, government of Kalisz, 1814; died at Warsaw in 1874. His activity was confined to his birth-place ...
Ladislaus Neugebauer (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian writer; born at Budapest Feb. 22, 1845. After studying at Budapest and Vienna he entered the service of the Austro-Hungarian ...
Neuilly-sur-Seine (
JE | WPGWPG) Town of France, and suburb of Paris. It has a population of 32,730. Its Jewish community, which now (1904) comprises about ...
Abraham Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian rabbi; born at Gerolzhofen, near Würzburg, 1809; died at St. Petersburg Aug. 22, 1875. In 1822 he studied Talmud ...
Angelo Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian theatrical director; born at Vienna Aug. 18, 1838. Neumann went upon the stage in 1859, as a barytone, appearing ...
Armin Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian deputy; born at Grosswardein Feb. 14, 1845. After having prepared for the rabbinical career at the Jewish theological ...
Carl Friedrich Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German Orientalist and historian; born at Reichmansdorf, near Bamberg, Dec. 22, 1798; died in Berlin March 17, 1870. His parents ...
Eleonora Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German violinist; born at Lissa in 1819; died at Triest in Jan., 1841. She received her musical education at Warsaw, where ...
Isidor Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian dermatologist; born at Misslitz, Moravia, March 2, 1832; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1858). He became privat-docent ...
Moses Samuel Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian poet; born at Ban, Hungary, in 1769; died at Budapest Nov. 29, 1831; son of a poor cantor who died prematurely ....
Salomon Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German physician and statistician; born at Pyritz, Pomerania, Oct.22, 1819; studied medicine at Berlin and Halle (M.D. 1842) ...
Naphtali Herz Neumanovitz (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian author; born at Jozefow, government of Lublin, Feb. 12, 1843; died at Warsaw, March 11, 1898. He was descended from ...
Leopold Neumegen (
JE | WPGWPG) English school-master; born in Posen in 1787; died at Kew, near London, April, 1875. He first taught in Göttingen, and ...
Wilhelm Neurath (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian economist; born at St. Georgen May 31, 1840. After winning his doctor's degree he became privat-docent at the ...
Neuss (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Rhenish Prussia. Its Jewish community, which dates back to the eleventh century, is known for the series of persecutions ...
Phinehas Neustadt (
JE | WPGWPG) German rabbi and author; born at Borek, province of Posen, Prussia, Sept. 23, 1823; died at Breslau Feb. 24, 1902. Neustadt ...
Neustadt-Schirwindt (
Wladyslavow) (
JE | WPGWPG) District town in the government of Suwalki, Russian Poland; built in 1643 under Ladislaus (Wladyslaw) IV., King of Poland ...
Louis Neustätter (
JE | WPGWPG) German portrait- and genre-painter; born in Munich Sept. 5, 1829; died in Tutzing, on the Starnbergersee, May 24, 1899. Neustä ...
Neutitschein (
JE | WPGWPG) City in the province of Moravia, Austria. It had a Jewish congregation in the Middle Ages, which was expelled Aug. 30, 1563 ...
Elias Neuwiedel (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian grammarian; born at Neustadt-Sugind (Alexandrowo) 1821; died at Warsaw Sept. 16, 1886. He studied Talmud at the yeshibah ...
Löb Nevakhovich (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian writer; born in Letichev, Volhynia, in the second half of the eighteenth century; died in St. Petersburg Aug. 1 (13) ...
Nevers (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief city of the department of the Nièvre, France, with a population of 27,108 (1904). In the twelfth century Jews were ...
New Era Illustrated Magazine (
JE | WPGWPG) A monthly publication founded in Boston, Mass., as the New Era Jewish Magazine, by Raphael Lasker, in June, 1902. Its title ...
New Hampshire (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the New England states of the United States of America, and one of the thirteen original states. Record is found as ...
New Jersey (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the North Atlantic states and one of the thirteen original states of the United States of America. It contains the ...
New Mexico (
JE | WPGWPG) A territory in the western division of the United States; acquired after the war with Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ...
New Moon (
JE | WPGWPG) the period of New Moon was, in pre-exilic times, celebrated by cessation of labor; it was superior even to the Sabbath-day ...
241–260
Blessing of the New Moon (
JE | WPGWPG) the periodical reappearance of the moon, like the reappearance of everything that is a benefit to mankind, such as fruits ...
New Orleans (
JE | WPGWPG) Largest city in the state of Louisiana, which passed into the possession of the United States in 1803. Among its earliest ...
New Testament (
JE | WPGWPG) the name of "New Testament" was given by the Christian Church, at the close of the second century, to the gospels and to other ...
New-year (
JE | WPGWPG) in the earliest times the Hebrew year began in autumn with the opening of the economic year. There followed in regular succession ...
New-year for trees (
JE | WPGWPG) the anniversary of the festival of trees, which occurs on the 15th of Shebaṭ (roughly corresponding to Feb. 1), is known ...
New York (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief commercial city of the state of New York and the largest city of the United States; contains a larger Jewish population ...
New York (
JE | WPGWPG) Most populous state of the American Union, with an estimated Jewish population of 750,000. The history of the Jews of the ...
Newark (
JE | WPGWPG) Largest city of the state of New Jersey, U. S. A. Its first Jewish congregation was founded Aug. 20, 1848, under the name ...
Joseph E Newburger (
JE | WPGWPG) American jurist; born in New York city 1853; educated in the public schools and at Columbia College (School of Law), New York ...
Newcastle-upon-Tyne (
JE | WPGWPG) English seaport; center of the English coal-trade. It has a population of 214,803, including about 500 Jewish families. Jews ...
Alfred Alvarez Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) English metal-worker and art-collector; born in London 1851; died there 1887. He revived the blacksmith's art in its medieval ...
Leopold Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) American soldier. He entered in the Civil war as captain of Company B, 31st New York Infantry, and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel ...
Selig Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) German Hebraist; born at Posen, Prussian Poland, in 1788; died at Williamsburg, N. Y., Feb. 20, 1871. He was educated at Posen ...
Newport (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the capitals of the state of Rhode Island, U. S. A. Before the American Revolution, Newport excelled New York as a ...
Sefer ha-Neyar (
JE | WPGWPG) Anonymous compendium of laws; compiled during the first third of the fourteenth century, after 1319, probably by a Provenç ...
261–280
Alfred Neymarck (
JE | WPGWPG) French economist and statistician; born at Châlons-sur-Marne Jan. 3, 1848. He was editor of the "Revue Contemporaine" ...
Nezhin (
Nyezhin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town, in the government of Chernigov; one of the centers of the tobacco-trade. In 1648 Nezhin was taken by the Cossacks ...
Nezikin (
JE | WPGWPG) Order of the Mishnah and the Tosefta, in both the Babylonian and the Jerusalem Talmud. The name "Nezikin", which occurs ...
Nibhaz (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the deities worshiped by the Avites(II Kings xvii. 31), who had been imported into the country about Samaria after ...
Nicanor (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Patroclus, and general and friend of Antiochus Epiphanes, who in 165 B.C. sent him and Gorgias with an army against ...
Nicodemus (
JE | WPGWPG) Prominent member of the Sanhedrin, and a man of wealth; lived in Jerusalem in the first century C.E. He is mentioned in John ...
Nicodemus (Nakdimon) ben Gorion (
JE | WPGWPG) Lived at Jerusalem in the first century C.E.; the wealthiest and most respected member of the peace party during the revolution ...
Niebla (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the oldest towns of Spain, situated 12 miles west of Seville and to the east of Huelva. It was one of the earliest ...
Abraham ben Ephraim Niederländer (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian mathematician of the sixteenth century; scribe of R. Judah Löw ben Bezaleel (MaHaRaL) of Prague. He was the ...
Ahasverus Samuel van Nierop (
JE | WPGWPG) Dutch jurist; born at Hoorn Jan. 24, 1813; died at Amsterdam May 15, 1878. He studied law at the Amsterdam Athenæum, ...
281–300
Frederik Salomon van Nierop (
JE | WPGWPG) Dutch economist; born at Amsterdam March 6, 1844. He took his degree as doctor of law at Leyden in 1866, established himself ...
David NietoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Haham of the Sephardic community in London; born at Venice 1654; died in London Jan. 10, 1728. He first practised as a physician ...
Isaac NietoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Haham of the Portuguese congregation Sha'are Shamaim, Bevis Marks, London; born 1702; died at London 1774; son of David ...
Niggun (
JE | WPGWPG) A Neo-Hebraic noun formed from the "pi'el" of the verb = "to play strings", "make music"; hence meaning generally "tune ...
Night (
JE | WPGWPG) the period between sunset and sunrise (see Calendar; Day). The older Biblical term for the whole day was "yom wa-lailah" or ...
Moses Nigrin (
Negrin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Cabalist; lived in Safed early in the sixteenth century; a contemporary of Moses di Trani. He is chiefly known as a commentator ...
Simon (Solomon) Nigrin (
Negrin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Author; lived in Jerusalem in the early part of the seventeenth century; a grandnephew of Moses Nigrin. He is the supposed ...
Nijni-Novgorod (
Nizhni-Novgorod) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name; famed for its fairs, which are held annually. It is without the ...
Nikolaief (
Nikolayev) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian Black Sea port and naval station, in the government of Kherson; founded in 1784; now an important commercial center ...
Nikolsburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in southern Moravia. The settlement of the Jews in Nikolsburg dates probably from 1420, when, after the expulsion from ...
Nile (
JE | WPGWPG) the great river of Egypt; frequently referred to in the Bible. The Authorized Version everywhere renders the word employed ...
Nîmes (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of Gard, France. Jews were settled here in very remote times. Hilderic, Count of Nîmes, ...
Nimrod (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Cush and grandson of Ham; his name has become proverbial as that of a mighty hunter. His "kingdom" comprised Babel ...
Nineveh (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Assyria. The form of its name is derived from the Masoretic text. It answers as nearly as possible to the native Assyrian ...
Nippur (
JE | WPGWPG) Ancient name of a great city in central Babylonia whose ruined site is now known as Nuffar (Niffer), which is the same word ...
Nisan (
JE | WPGWPG) First ecclesiastical and seventh civil month (Neh. ii. 1; Esth. iii. 7). In the earlier Biblical books it is designated "Ḥ ...
Nish (
Nissa) (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Servia on the Nissava. Its Jewish community dates from the beginning of the eighteenth century, as is shown by a question ...
301 to 400
301–320
Nishmat (
JE | WPGWPG) Literally, "the soul of". A part of the liturgy which on Sabbaths and festivals leads up to the short benediction ("yishtabbaḥ ...
Nisibis (
JE | WPGWPG) City in northeastern Mesopotamia, in the ancient province of Migdonia. The Biblical Accad (Gen. x. 10) is rendered "Neẓ ...
Henriette Nissen (
Nissen-Saloman) (
JE | WPGWPG) Swedish singer; born in Göteborg March 12, 1819; died in Harzburg Aug. 27, 1879. She studied pianoforte under Chopin ...
Nissi ben Noah (
JE | WPGWPG) Karaite scholar; lived at Bassora, later at Jerusalem, in the eighth century. He is believed to have been the son of abu Nissi ...
Don Nissim Benveniste (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish scholar of the fifteenth century. His halakic consultations with Isaac Aboab were published, under the title "She' ...
Hayyim b. Elijah Nissim (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish rabbi; probably lived in the second half of the eighteenth century. He was the author of "Maza Ḥayyim ...
Nissim ben Moses of Marseilles (
JE | WPGWPG) Philosopher of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. He was the author of a philosophical commentary on the Pentateuch ...
Nissim b. Reuben Gerondi (
JE | WPGWPG) Physician, astronomer, and halakist; flourished at Barcelona about 1340 to 1380. He had much to suffer at the hands of certain ...
Noah>>Noah in rabbinic literatureJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Lamech and the ninth in descent from Adam. In the midst of abounding corruption he alone was "righteous and blameless ...
Mordecai Manuel Noah (
JE | WPGWPG) American politician, journalist, playwright, and philanthropist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 19, 1785; died in New York ...
321–340
Noah b. Pesah (
JE | WPGWPG) Acting rabbi in Pinsk; died there in 1638. He wrote a commentary on Bereshit Rabbah under the title of "Toledot Noaḥ ...
Nob (
JE | WPGWPG) City or village of priests where David received holy bread when in pressing need of food at the beginning of his persecution ...
Nobah (
JE | WPGWPG) Apparently, a Manassite warrior who, during the conquest of the territory east of the Jordan, made himself master of Kenath ...
Elijah ben Joseph di Nola (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian physician and rabbi of the sixteenth century. In 1563 he was living in Rome, where he occupied the position of rabbi ...
Menahem Nola (
John Paul Eusthatius) (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian convert to Christianity; born about 1540; died at Rome about 1602. Nothing is known of Nola's life before his ...
Theodor Nöldeke (
JE | WPGWPG) German Orientalist; born March 2, 1836, at Harburg. He studied Oriental languages at Göttingen, Vienna, Leyden, and Berlin ...
Nomism (
JE | WPGWPG) That religious tendency which aims at the control of both social and individual life by legalism, making the law the supreme ...
Nones (
JE | WPGWPG) American family, tracing its descent from Benjamin Nones of Philadelphia, who lived at the end of the eighteenth century ....
Noph (
JE | WPGWPG) City of ancient Egypt, mentioned in Isa. xix. 13, Jer. ii. 16, xliv. 1, xlvi. 14, and Ezek. xxx. 13, 16. All the ancient versions ...
Max (Simon) Nordau (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian litterateur and philosopher; born in Budapest July 29, 1849.His parents were very poor. His father, Gabriel Sü ...
Joshua D Norden (
JE | WPGWPG) English soldier and adventurer; died at Graham's Town, Cape Colony, April 26, 1846. He was field commandant in the Kaffir ...
Nordhausen (
JE | WPGWPG) Prussian manufacturing town, in the province of Saxony. The earliest mention of Jews at Nordhausen occurs in a document signed ...
Isaac Nordheimer (
JE | WPGWPG) American Orientalist; born 1809 at Memelsdorf, near Erlangen, in Bavaria; died 1842. A very promising Talmudic student, he ...
Nördlingen (
JE | WPGWPG) City in the district of Swabia, Bavaria; till 1803 a free city of the German empire. Like Augsburg, Nuremberg, Würzburg ...
North Carolina (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the South Atlantic states of the American Union, and one of the thirteen original states. In 1826 Isaac Harby estimated ...
Northampton (
JE | WPGWPG) Capital of Northamptonshire, England. Jews were living there as early as 1180, when it is recorded that Samuel of Northampton ...
341–360
Northeim (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the province of Hanover, Prussia. It has a population of 6,695, of whom over 100 are Jews. Jews lived there as early ...
Norway (
JE | WPGWPG) Northwestern division of the Scandinavian peninsula. It has a total population of 2,240,032. The census of 1897 counted over ...
Norwich (
JE | WPGWPG) Capital town of the county of Norfolk, England. After London, Oxford, and Cambridge, it is the earliest English town mentioned ...
Norzi (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian family, many members of which were distinguished as scholars and rabbis. Probably the family name is derived from ...
Nose (
JE | WPGWPG) Anthropologists who consider the nose an important racial index (Topinard, Bertillon, Deniker, and others) in their classifications ...
Nose-ring (
JE | WPGWPG) the Hebrew word (plural) is used for both earrings and nose-rings, but where the latter is referred to the word is added ...
Alfred Nossig (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian author and sculptor; born at Lemberg, Galicia, April 18, 1864. He studied law, philosophy, and natural science at ...
Notarikon (
JE | WPGWPG) A system of shorthand consisting in either simply abbreviating the words or in writing only one letter of each word. This ...
Nothhandel (
JE | WPGWPG) Technical term used in the laws referring to the petty trading of the Jews, which laws aimed to exclude the Jews from such ...
Nathan Notkin (
Note) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian army-contractor and financier; born at Shklov about the middle of the eighteenth century; died at St. Petersburg 1804 ...
Osip Konstantinovich Notovich (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian journalist; born in 1849 at Kertch, where his father was rabbi. Notovich studied law at the University of St. Petersburg ...
Menahem Noveira (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian rabbi of Verona and poet of the eighteenth century. He was a grandson of Hezekiah Mordecai Basan. His three responsa ...
Novgorod (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the oldest of Russian cities, on the River Volkhoff; it has been in existence since the ninth century. In the first ...
Novgorod-Syeversk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Chernigov. The town dates its origin as far back as the eleventh century. Jews lived there ...
Novgorod-Volhynsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Volhynia. It has a total population of 16,873, of whom about 9,000 are Jews (1897). The ...
Novoaleksandrovsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city in the government of Kovno. It has (1897) a total population of 6,370, of whom 4,277 are Jews. Among the latter ...
Novogrudok (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Minsk. The first mention of Jews in connection with Novogrudok dates back to 1484, when ...
Novomoskovsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city in the government of Yekaterinoslav; it has a total population of 12,862, including 1,147 Jews. Among the latter ...
361–380
Novy-Dvor (
JE | WPGWPG) Village in the district of Grodno. In the sixteenth century Novy-Dvor had a well-organized Jewish community, some of whose ...
Novy Israel (
JE | WPGWPG) Name of a Jewish reformed religious party or sect, with tendencies toward Christianity, which arose in Odessa at the end of ...
Numbers and
Numerals (
JE | WPGWPG) the letters of the alphabet were used as numerical symbols as early as the Maccabean period (comp. Numismatics). Whether such ...
Numenius (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Antiochus. Together with Antipater, son of Jason, he was sent to Sparta and Rome, first by Jonathan Maccabeus (I Macc ...
Numismatics (
JE | WPGWPG) the study of Jewish coinage, strictly speaking, begins with the Maccabean period. Some information, however, concerning the ...
Nun (
JE | WPGWPG) Fourteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name signifies "fish", and perhaps indicates the original shape of the letter ...
Henrique (Enrique) Nunes (
JE | WPGWPG) Judæo-Portuguese convert to Christianity; born in Borba, Portugal; died July, 1524. After being baptized in Castile, ...
Robert Nunes (
JE | WPGWPG) Jamaican magistrate; born in Montego Bay, Jamaica, Dec. 12, 1820; died at Falmouth, Jamaica, Jan. 31, 1889. Originally destined ...
Manuela Nunes da Almeyda (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish poetess; born in London; mother of Mordecai Nunes Almeyda, the patron of the Spanish poet Daniel Israel Lopez Laguna ...
David Nuñes-Torres (
JE | WPGWPG) Ḥakam and editor; born probably at Amsterdam; died in 1728 at the Hague. He was preacher of the societies Abi Yetomim ...
Nuñez (
JE | WPGWPG) Marano family, of which the following members are known: Beatriz Nuñez: Burned, at the age of sixty, at the auto da ...
Maria Nuñez (
JE | WPGWPG) Daughter of the Portuguese Marano Gaspar Lopez Homem and Mayor Rodriguez; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries ...
Samuel Nuñez (
Ribiero) (
JE | WPGWPG) Marano physician of the eighteenth century; born in Lisbon. He belonged to a distinguished family in that city, and was a ...
Isaac Joseph Nuñez-Vaes (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Leghorn, Italy; died before 1788. A follower of the Cabala, he was highly respected by his contemporaries for his ...
Jacob Nuñez-Vaes (
JE | WPGWPG) Editor and rabbi of Leghorn, Italy; died there about 1815; son of Isaac Joseph Nuñez-Vaes, and pupil of Isaac Nuñ ...
Nuremberg (
JE | WPGWPG) Most important commercial city of Bavaria. According to Wagenseil ("De Civitate Norimburgiæ", p. 71), Jews were living ...
Hilarius Nusbaum [
pl;
ru (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish historian and communal worker; born in Warsaw 1820; died there 1895. He was educated in the Warsaw rabbinical seminary ...
381–400
Myer Nussbaum (
JE | WPGWPG) American lawyer; born in Albany, N. Y.; son of Simon and Clara Nussbaum, who went to America from Neustadt-on-the-Saale, Bavaria ...
Nut (
JE | WPGWPG) the rendering in the English versions of the two Hebrew words "egoz" and "boṭnim". 1. "Egoz." This is mentioned once ...
Alexander Nyári (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian art critic; born Aug. 28, 1861, at Zala-Egersczeg; educated at Vienna under Hansen, receiving his diploma as architect ...
Nyons (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the ancient province of Dauphiné, France. A Jewish community must have existed there before the fourteenth century ...
Nabal (
JE | WPGWPG) Calebite noble who appears in one of the incidents which marked David's wanderings (I Sam. xxv.). Nabal was a man of great ...
Nabataeans (
JE | WPGWPG) Semitic tribe or group of tribes which overran the ancient Edomite country and established a kingdom which extended from Damascus ...
Nabon>>Jonah NabonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish family which, from the seventeenth century onward, produced several rabbinical writers. It had several branches, of ...
Naboth (
JE | WPGWPG) Jezreelite of the time of Ahab, King of Israel; owner of a small plot of ground near Jezreel (II Kings ix. 21, 25-26) and ...
Nadab (
JE | WPGWPG) Eldest son of Aaron and Elisheba; one of the leaders of the children of Israel who went with Moses to Sinai and "saw the God ...
Simon Yakovlevich Nadson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian poet; born at St. Petersburg Dec. 26, 1862; died at Yalta Dec. 31, 1886. His father was a Jew who had entered the ...
Moses ben Judah NagariJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Philosophical writer. According to Steinschneider, he lived at Rome about 1300, and his name should be read "Na'ar" () ...
Nagasaki (
JE | WPGWPG) Commercial seaport in the ken of the same name, Japan. Of its Jewish community most of the members emigrated from Russia ...
Benjamin Shalom Nagawkar (
JE | WPGWPG) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay before 1830. He enlisted in the 25th Regiment Bombay Native Light Infantry July 1, 1848 ...
Samuel Moses Nagawkar (
JE | WPGWPG) Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1810. He enlisted in the 10th Regiment Native Infantry Oct. 1, 1832. He was on foreign ...
Nagy-Kanizsa (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian town, in the county of Szalad. The antiquity of its disused cemetery, which dates back to the end of the seventeenth ...
Nahman ben Hayyim ha-Kohen (
JE | WPGWPG) French tosafist; flourished toward the end of the twelfth century. As Gross concludes from "Kol Bo" (ed. Venice, 1562), No ...
Nahman bar Isaac (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; died in 356; like Raba, a pupil of R. Nachman b. Jacob. While he was still ...
Nahman bar JacobJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian amora of the third generation; died 320; pupil of Mar Samuel. He was chief justice of the Jews who were subject ...
Nahman b. Samuel ha-Levi (
JE | WPGWPG) Frankist; rabbi of Busk, Galicia; lived in the first part of the eighteenth century. When Mikulski, the administrator of the ...
Nahman b. Simhah of Bratzlav (
JE | WPGWPG) Founder of the Ḥasidic sect known as "Bratzlaver Ḥasidim"; born at Miedzyboz (Medzhibozh), Podolia, Oct. 9, 1770 ...
Nahmias (
Naamias,
Nehmias) (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the most ancient and prominent Jewish families of Toledo. The oldest member known is Joseph Nachmias, son-in-law ...
Joseph Nahmoli (
JE | WPGWPG) Talmudist and rabbi of Larissa in the eighteenth century; father-in-law of Isaac ibn Shangi (author of "Be'er Yiẓ ...
Nahor (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Serug; father of Terah and, consequently, grandfather of Abraham. He is said to have lived one hundred and forty-eight ...
NahshonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Amminadab; descendant in the fifth generation from Judah and brother-in-law of Aaron (Ex. vi. 23; I Chron. ii. 4-10) ...
Nahshon ben ZadokJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon; head of the Academy of Sura from 874 to 882, in succession to Mar Amram ben Sheshna. He wrote explanations to difficult ...
Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the so-called Minor Prophets. He is called, in the title of his book, "Nahum the Elkoshite". Where Elkosh was is not ...
Book of Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the Minor Prophetical works which centers about the overflow of Nineveh. The dispirited people of Judah are aroused ...
Nahum (
JE | WPGWPG) Liturgical poet; lived about 1300, probably in southern Spain. He possessed unusual talent. Some of his poems have been translated ...
Nahum Eliezer ben Jacob (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of the second half of the seventeenth and the first half of the eighteenth century; born about 1660; diedabout 1746 ...
41–60
Nahum of GimzoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the second generation (first century). In the Talmud (Ta'an. 21a; Yer. Shek. v. 15) he is called "ish gam ...
Nahum the Mede (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the first generation (first century); lived in Jerusalem. According to R. Nathan, he was one of the three most renowned ...
Menahem Nahum, of Chernobyl (
JE | WPGWPG) Ḥasidic leader in the last part of the eighteenth century. He was a pupil of Baer of Meseritz, by whom he was sent to ...
Nahum ben Simai (
JE | WPGWPG) Palestinian amora of the third century; a son of the tanna Simai. He is cited as "Menahem" in Pes. 104a and in M. K ...
Nahum ben Uzziel Kaplan (Reb
Nahum Grodner) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Preacher and philanthropist; born 1811; died at Grodno Oct. 25, 1879. Though he was a great Talmudist, he preferred to hold ...
Nail (
JE | WPGWPG) the finger nail. In Hebrew the corresponding word occurs only in the plural, (Deut. xxi. 12), the singular of which denotes ...
Naioth (
JE | WPGWPG) Place in which David and Samuel took refuge when the former was pursued by Saul (I Sam. xix. 18 et seq., xx. 1). The meaning ...
Najera,
Nagera (
JE | WPGWPG) City in Spain, situated between Logroño and Burgos. In the tenth century it had a prosperous Jewish community. In the ...
Nakdanim (
JE | WPGWPG) Punctuators or Masoretic annotators; the successors of the Masorites proper. Their activity consisted in collecting and conserving ...
Names (
Personal) >>Jewish nameJE (
JE | WPGWPG) the conferring of a name upon a person was in early Biblical times generally connected with some circumstance of birth; several ...
Names of God (
JE | WPGWPG) Like other Hebrew proper names, the name of God is more than a mere distinguishing title. It represents the Hebrew conception ...
Nancy (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, France, and the ancient capital of Lorraine; seat of a consistory whose ...
Nantes (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of the Loire-Inférieure, France. According to Camille Mellinet ("La Commune et la Milice ...
Naomi (
JE | WPGWPG) Wife of Elimelech and mother-in-law of Ruth. Naomi accompanied her husband and two sons into the land of Moab; but after the ...
Naphtali (
JE | WPGWPG) Second son of Jacob and Bilhah, and younger full brother of Dan. According to Gen. xxx. 8, the name means "my wrestling", ...
Tribe of NaphtaliJE (
JE | WPGWPG) According to the two enumerations of the Israelites given in the Book of Numbers (i.-iii., xxvi.), the adult males of Naphtali ...
Naphtali ben David (
JE | WPGWPG) Hebrew author; born at Witzenhausen, Germany; lived in Amsterdam at the beginning of the eighteenth century. He belonged to ...
Naphtali Herz ben Jacob Elhanan (
JE | WPGWPG) German cabalist; born at Frankfort-on-the-Main in the second half of the sixteenth century. He lived in Palestine and was ...
Naphtali Hirsch ben Menahem (
JE | WPGWPG) President of the community of Lemberg in the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Perush ha-Millot", explanations of difficult ...
Naphtali Hirz ben Jacob Goslar (
JE | WPGWPG) German rabbi and philosopher of the eighteenth century. After acting as dayyan at Halberstadt for some time, he settled at ...
Naphtali b. Isaac ha-Kohen ((dupe of
C624)) (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish-German rabbi; born in Ostrov, Poland, 1649; died at Constantinople 1719. His father was rabbi of Ostrov. In 1663 Naphtali ...
Napoleon Bonaparte (
JE | WPGWPG) Emperor of the French; born in Ajaccio, Corsica, Aug. 15, 1769; died at St. Helena in 1821. Only those incidents in his career ...
Alfred Joseph Naquet (
JE | WPGWPG) French chemist and politician; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Oct. 6, 1834. After studying in Paris he graduated as M.D. in ...
David ben Joseph Narboni (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi; lived at Narbonne, France, in the first half of the twelfth century. He was probably the son of Joseph Gaon of Narbonne ...
Narbonne (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town in the department of Aude, France. Jews were settled here as early as the fifth century. They lived on the whole ...
Nard (
JE | WPGWPG) A species of Valeriana spica Vahl = Nardostachys Jatamansi de Candolle, growing in eastern Asia. It was well known to the ...
NareshJE (
JE | WPGWPG) City in Babylonia, situated near Sura (Letter of Sherira Gaon, in Neubauer, "M. J. C." i. 32) on a canal (B. M. 93b). It may ...
Moses Narol (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of Metz; father of the physician Tobias Cohn; died at Metz in 1659. Narol was rabbi and physician at Narol, Galicia ...
Sinai Simon Nascher (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian writer; born at Szent Miklos, Liptau, March 16, 1841; died at Baja July 25, 1901. He studied at Baja and Berlin ...
Nashim (
JE | WPGWPG) Third order of the Talmud, treating of betrothal, marriage, divorce, and in general of all the relations of woman to man ....
Joseph Nasi, Duke of Naxos (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish statesman and financier; born in Portugal at the beginning of the sixteenth century; died at Constantinople Aug. 2 ...
81–100
Reyna Nasi (
JE | WPGWPG) Duchess of Naxos; born in Portugal; only daughter of the Marano Francisco Mendes-Nasi and Gracia Mendesia (Beatrice de Luna) ...
Nassau (
JE | WPGWPG) Formerly a German dukedom; since 1866 it has formed a part of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. In 1865, immediately ...
Adolf Ritter von Nassau (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian journalist; born at Pohrlitz, Moravia, Dec. 25, 1834; educated at Vienna. He became stenographer to the Austrian ...
Isaac b. Solomon Nataf (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Tunis, Africa, at the end of the eighteenth and in the beginning of the nineteenth century. He was the author of ...
Natality (
JE | WPGWPG) Proportionate number of births in a population, generally measured by the number per thousand of population. Since the writing ...
Ludwik Natanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish physician; brother of Henryk Natanson; born 1821; died at Warsaw June 6, 1896. He studied medicine at the universities ...
Zaïre Martel Nathalie [
fr (
JE | WPGWPG) French actress; born at Tournon, Seine-et-Marne, Sept. 3, 1816; died Nov. 17, 1885. She made her début at the Folies ...
Nathan+ (
JE | WPGWPG) Prophet; lived in the reign of David. On three occasions he appears as the king's successful adviser. In connection with ...
NathanJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Palestinian tanna of the third generation (2d cent.); son of a Babylonian exilarch. For some unknown reason he left Babylonia ...
Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) American family that has been identified with both the general and the Jewish community of New York city since the latter ...
Nathan of Avignon (
JE | WPGWPG) Talmudist; lived in the second half of the fourteenth century. He was the author of "Hilkot Shechiṭah u-Bediḳ ...
Barnett Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English dramatic and musical entrepreneur; born in 1793; died in London Dec. 6, 1856. Nathan was also a teacher of dancing ...
Elias Salomon Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) German physician and author; born at Eutin about 1806; died at Hamburg July 5, 1862; educated at Kiel (M.D. 1830). He took ...
Isaac Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English musician and composer; born at Canterbury, England, in 1792; died at Sydney, N. S. W., Jan. 15, 1864. He was intended ...
Nathan b. Isaac Jacob Bonn (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Mayence, and later at Hamburg, in the middle of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Shikchat Leḳ ...
Nathan ben Isaac ha-Kohen HababliJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Babylonian historian of the tenth century. He was the author of a history of the exilarchate that gives many interesting details ...
Nathan Jedidiah ben Eliezer (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian poet; born at Orvieto in 1607. In 1625, being then at Sienna, he paraphrased in Hebrew terza-rima three "widduyim": ...
Nathan ben JehielJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian lexicographer; born in Rome not later than 1035; died in 1106. He belonged to one of the most notable Roman families ...
Nathan ben Joel Falaquera (
Palaquera) (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish physician of the latter half of the thirteenth century; perhaps identical with Nathan of Montpellier, the teacher ...
Nathan ben Joseph 'Official (
JE | WPGWPG) French rabbi and controversialist; lived at Sens in the second half of the thirteenth century. He was one of the most famous ...
Nathan Judah ben SolomonJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Provençal physician of the fourteenth century. His Provençal names were En Bongodas and Bonjues and he was probably ...
Nathan b. Labi (
b. Judah) (
JE | WPGWPG) German liturgist; lived at the beginning of the fourteenth century. He was the author of a liturgical work entitled "Sefer ...
Nathan ben Machir (
JE | WPGWPG) French Talumdist of the eleventh century. He was the brother of the liturgical poet Menahem b. Machir, to whom he gave responsa ...
Sir
Matthew Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) English soldier and administrator; born in London Jan. 3, 1862; son of Jonah Nathan. He joined the Royal Engineers on May ...
Nathan ben Meïr of Trinquetaille (
JE | WPGWPG) French Talmudist and Biblical commentator; flourished in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. He was the paternal grandfather ...
Nathan Mordecai (
JE | WPGWPG) French physician; lived at Avignon in the middle of the fifteenth century. He was in correspondence with Joseph Colon, who ...
Nathan ben Samuel (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish physician; flourished, as far as is known, at the beginning of the fourteenth century. He is designated in some manuscripts ...
Wolf ben Abraham Nathan (
JE | WPGWPG) German Biblical exegete and theologian; born at Dessau July 8, 1751; died there Sept. 6, 1784. He wrote a commentary on the ...
The Exilarch
Nathan de-Zuzita (
JE | WPGWPG) According to Joseph b. Ḥama (Shab. 56b), Nathan de-Zuzita is to be identified with the exilarch 'Uḳ ...
121–140
Nathanael of Chinon (
JE | WPGWPG) French tosafist; flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director ...
Bernhard Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian-Hebrew journalist and author; born at Satanow, Podolia, April 15, 1832. He received his early Hebrew education under ...
Jacob Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish professor of chemistry; born at Warsaw 1832; died there Sept. 14, 1884; educated at the University of Dorpat. In 1862 ...
Joseph Saul Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish rabbi and author; born at Berzan 1808; died at Lemberg March 4, 1875; son of Aryeh Lebush Nathanson, rabbi at Berzan ...
Marcus Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian scholar; born at Wilna 1793; died at Telsh, government of Kovno, June 10, 1868. He was the son-in-law of Joshua Zeitels ...
Mendel Levin Nathanson (
JE | WPGWPG) Danish merchant, editor, and economist; born in Altona Nov. 20, 1780; died in Copenhagen Oct. 6, 1868. When only eighteen ...
National Farm School (
JE | WPGWPG) American institution having for its object the training of Jewish lads in practical and scientific agriculture; situated at ...
The
Seventy nations and languages (
JE | WPGWPG) the haggadic assumption that there are seventy nations and languages in the world is based upon the ethnological table given ...
Natronai II, b. Hilai JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of the academy at Sura early in the second half of the ninth century; he succeeded Sar Shalom. His father had occupied ...
Natronai b. Nehemiah (
Mar Yanka) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of Pumbedita from 719 to 730; son-in-law of the exilarch Ḥasdai I. Vain of his family connections and secure in ...
Samuel NaumbourgJE (
JE | WPGWPG) French composer; born at Dennenlohe, Bavaria, March 15, 1817; died at Saint-Mandé, near Paris, May 1, 1880. After having ...
Jacob Naumburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi of Mayence and Offenbach at the end of the eighteenth century. He was the grandson of Jonah Te'omim, the author ...
Louis Naumburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Cantor; born in Treuchtlingen, Bavaria, 1813; died in New York city March 4, 1902. He was descended from a family of cantors ...
Abram Navarra (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Casale (Casale-Monferrato) in 1650. Responsa by him are found, in manuscript, in the collections of David Kaufmann ...
Navarre (
JE | WPGWPG) Former kingdom in Spain, surrounded by Aragon, Castile, and the Basque Provinces; now comprised in the provinces of Navarre ...
Navarro (
JE | WPGWPG) Portuguese family, the following members of which became well known: Judah ben Moses Navarro: Son of Moses Navarro, body-physician ...
Navigation (
JE | WPGWPG) That the Israelites, practically, did not engage in navigation is due to the fact that they never held the sea-coast for any ...
Nazarenes (
JE | WPGWPG) Sect of primitive Christianity; it appears to have embraced all those Christians who had been born Jews and who neither would ...
141–160
Nazareth (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in Galilee, situated in a valley to the north of the plain of Esdraelon. It is about 1,200 feet above the level of the ...
Nazarite (
JE | WPGWPG) One who lives apart; one who has made a vow of abstinence; in the former sense used as early as Sifra, Emor, iv. 3; Sifre ...
NazirJE (
JE | WPGWPG) A treatise of the Mishnah and the Tosefta and in both Talmuds, devoted chiefly to a discussion of the laws laid down in Num ...
Isaac Nazir (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the earliest cabalists. According to an account which is not altogether trustworthy, he was the real founder of cabalistic ...
Johann August Wilhelm Neander (
JE | WPGWPG) German Church historian; born at Göttingen Jan. 17, 1789; died at Berlin July 14, 1850. Prior to his baptism his name ...
Mount Nebo (
JE | WPGWPG) According to Deut. xxxii. 49 and xxxiv. 1-3, it was from this mountain that Moses, just before his death, surveyed the promised ...
Nebraska (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the central units of the United States of America; admitted into the Union in 1854. Jews traversed the state on their ...
Nebuchadnezzar (
JE | WPGWPG) the son of Nabopolassar; became king of Babylon in 604 B.C. as Assyria was on the decline; died 561.His name, either in this ...
Nebushasban (
JE | WPGWPG) the first-named of the four chief officers sent by Nebuzar-adan to take Jeremiah out of the court of the guard (Jer. xxxix ...
Nebuzar-adan (
JE | WPGWPG) Captain of Nebuchadnezzar's body-guard. Nebuzar-adan entered Jerusalem in 586 B.C., burned the Temple, the king's ...
Necho (
JE | WPGWPG) King of Egypt from 610 to 594 B.C.; son of Psam(m)ethik I., of the twenty-sixth Egyptian dynasty. According to Herodotus (ii ...
Necromancy (
JE | WPGWPG) Divination by aid of the dead is said to have been common among the Persians (Strabo, xvi. 2, 39, νεκυ ...
Nedarim (
JE | WPGWPG) A treatise in the Mishnah, Tosefta, and both Talmuds, devoted chiefly to a discussion of the regulations contained in Num ...
Judah Nehama [
he (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish rabbi; born in Salonica 1825; died there 1899. He was rabbi in his native place; for many years vice-president of ...
Nehardea (
Nearda) JE (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Babylonia, situated at or near the junction of the Euphrates with the Nahr Malka; one of the earliest centers of Babylonian ...
Nehemiah (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Hachaliah; rebuilder of the walls of Jerusalem. The sole source of information about Nehemiah is the canonical book ...
Book of NehemiahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) A work ascribed to Nehemiah, but bearing in some canons the title Esdras II. or Esdras III., having been attributed to Ezra ...
Nehemiah of Beth-horon (
JE | WPGWPG) Amora of the first generation; lived in the third century at Beth-horon, a small town northwest of Jerusalem. In the different ...
Nehemiah ha-Kohen (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish cabalist and Shabbethaian preacher; died at Amsterdam shortly after 1690, or, according to another account, in Poland ...
Nehemiah ben Kohen Zedek (
JE | WPGWPG) Gaon of Pumbedita from 960 to 968. While his predecessor, Aaron b. Sargado, was still in office, Nehemiah tried to have him ...
Nehunya ben ha-KanahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Tanna of the first and second centuries. It appears from B. B. 10b that Nechunya was a contemporary, but not a pupil ...
Nehushtan (
JE | WPGWPG) Bronze figure of a serpent which was broken in pieces by Hezekiah at the beginningof his reign (II Kings xviii. 4). It was ...
Neighboring Landowners (
JE | WPGWPG) the legal maxim "Sic utere tuo ut alienum non lædas" (So use your own that you may not injure another's [property]) ...
Ne'ilah (
JE | WPGWPG) the last of the five services held on the Day of Atonement. The earliest mention of it is in the Mishnah (Ta'an. 26a) ...
Julia (Mrs Fred Terry) Neilson (
JE | WPGWPG) English actress; born in London 1868; educated at Wiesbaden, Germany. Returning to London in 1883, she became a student at ...
181–200
Albert Neisser (
JE | WPGWPG) German dermatologist; born at Schweidnitz Jan. 22, 1855. His father, Moritz Neisser, was physician and "Geheimer Sanitä ...
Ambrosius Neményi (
Neumann) (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian deputy; born at Peczel 1852; died in Budapest Dec. 13, 1904; studied law at Vienna and Paris (LL.D., Budapest)....
Nemirov (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the government of Podolia, Russian Poland. Of the period before 1648 it is only known that Nemirov was one of the ...
Graziadio (Hananeel) Nepi (
Neppi) (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian rabbi and physician; born in 1759 at Ferrara; died Jan. 18, 1836, at Cento. He studied at Ferrara for twelve years ...
Nergal (
JE | WPGWPG) God of the Babylonian city of Cuthah or Cuth or Kutu. In II Kings xvii. 30 it is said that the men of Cuth, whom Sargon settled ...
Nero (
JE | WPGWPG) Roman emperor; born at Antium Dec. 15, 37 C.E.; died near Rome in 68. His original name was Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, but ...
Nervous Diseases (
JE | WPGWPG) the Jews are more subject to diseases of the nervous system than the other races and peoples among which they dwell. Hysteria ...
Nesek (
JE | WPGWPG) Wine consecrated to use in idolatrous worship and therefore absolutely forbidden to a Jew. In a broader sense "nesek", or ...
Nesvizh (
JE | WPGWPG) Small town in the government of Minsk, Russia; it was in existence in the thirteenth century. The census of 1897 gives it ...
Nethaneel ben IsaiahJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Yemenite commentator and poet of the fourteenth century; author of a homiletic commentary on the Pentateuch entitled "Nur ...
Nethinim (
JE | WPGWPG) Temple officials. They are first heard of as returning from Babylon to Palestine, after the Exile, in two batches, one numbering ...
Charles Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) French philanthropist; born at Strasburg in 1828; died at Jaffa, Palestine, Oct. 2, 1882. He studied at Strasburg and Belfort ...
Eugene Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) Roman Catholic archbishop at Manila; born 1840 at Bergheim, near Colmar, in Alsace. At the age of fourteen he and his brother ...
201 to 300
201–220
Justin Arnold Netter (
JE | WPGWPG) French physician; born at Strasburg Sept. 20, 1855. He studied in the hospitals of Paris between 1876 and 1884 ("externe", ...
Adolf NeubauerJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Sublibrarian at the Bodleian Library and reader in Rabbinic Hebrew at Oxford University; born at Bittse, Hungary, March 11 ...
Joseph Neuberg (
JE | WPGWPG) English litterateur; secretary to Thomas Carlyle; born at Würzburg, Bavaria, May 21, 1806; died in London March 23, 1867 ...
Ferdinand Neuburger (
JE | WPGWPG) German dramatist; born at Düsseldorf Aug. 28, 1839; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main Oct. 27, 1895. He began life as a tutor ...
Max Neuburger (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian physician; born Dec. 8, 1868, at Vienna, at whose university he studied medicine (M.D. 1893). After three years of ...
Abraham NeudaJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian rabbi; born at Loschitz, Moravia, in 1812; died there Feb. 22, 1854. He was the son of R. Aaron Neuda of Loschitz ...
Daniel Neufeld (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish writer; born at Praszka, government of Kalisz, 1814; died at Warsaw in 1874. His activity was confined to his birth-place ...
Ladislaus Neugebauer (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian writer; born at Budapest Feb. 22, 1845. After studying at Budapest and Vienna he entered the service of the Austro-Hungarian ...
Neuilly-sur-Seine (
JE | WPGWPG) Town of France, and suburb of Paris. It has a population of 32,730. Its Jewish community, which now (1904) comprises about ...
Abraham Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian rabbi; born at Gerolzhofen, near Würzburg, 1809; died at St. Petersburg Aug. 22, 1875. In 1822 he studied Talmud ...
Angelo Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian theatrical director; born at Vienna Aug. 18, 1838. Neumann went upon the stage in 1859, as a barytone, appearing ...
Armin Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian deputy; born at Grosswardein Feb. 14, 1845. After having prepared for the rabbinical career at the Jewish theological ...
Carl Friedrich Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German Orientalist and historian; born at Reichmansdorf, near Bamberg, Dec. 22, 1798; died in Berlin March 17, 1870. His parents ...
Eleonora Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German violinist; born at Lissa in 1819; died at Triest in Jan., 1841. She received her musical education at Warsaw, where ...
Isidor Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian dermatologist; born at Misslitz, Moravia, March 2, 1832; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1858). He became privat-docent ...
Moses Samuel Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian poet; born at Ban, Hungary, in 1769; died at Budapest Nov. 29, 1831; son of a poor cantor who died prematurely ....
Salomon Neumann (
JE | WPGWPG) German physician and statistician; born at Pyritz, Pomerania, Oct.22, 1819; studied medicine at Berlin and Halle (M.D. 1842) ...
Naphtali Herz Neumanovitz (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian author; born at Jozefow, government of Lublin, Feb. 12, 1843; died at Warsaw, March 11, 1898. He was descended from ...
Leopold Neumegen (
JE | WPGWPG) English school-master; born in Posen in 1787; died at Kew, near London, April, 1875. He first taught in Göttingen, and ...
Wilhelm Neurath (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian economist; born at St. Georgen May 31, 1840. After winning his doctor's degree he became privat-docent at the ...
Neuss (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Rhenish Prussia. Its Jewish community, which dates back to the eleventh century, is known for the series of persecutions ...
Phinehas Neustadt (
JE | WPGWPG) German rabbi and author; born at Borek, province of Posen, Prussia, Sept. 23, 1823; died at Breslau Feb. 24, 1902. Neustadt ...
Neustadt-Schirwindt (
Wladyslavow) (
JE | WPGWPG) District town in the government of Suwalki, Russian Poland; built in 1643 under Ladislaus (Wladyslaw) IV., King of Poland ...
Louis Neustätter (
JE | WPGWPG) German portrait- and genre-painter; born in Munich Sept. 5, 1829; died in Tutzing, on the Starnbergersee, May 24, 1899. Neustä ...
Neutitschein (
JE | WPGWPG) City in the province of Moravia, Austria. It had a Jewish congregation in the Middle Ages, which was expelled Aug. 30, 1563 ...
Elias Neuwiedel (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian grammarian; born at Neustadt-Sugind (Alexandrowo) 1821; died at Warsaw Sept. 16, 1886. He studied Talmud at the yeshibah ...
Löb Nevakhovich (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian writer; born in Letichev, Volhynia, in the second half of the eighteenth century; died in St. Petersburg Aug. 1 (13) ...
Nevers (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief city of the department of the Nièvre, France, with a population of 27,108 (1904). In the twelfth century Jews were ...
New Era Illustrated Magazine (
JE | WPGWPG) A monthly publication founded in Boston, Mass., as the New Era Jewish Magazine, by Raphael Lasker, in June, 1902. Its title ...
New Hampshire (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the New England states of the United States of America, and one of the thirteen original states. Record is found as ...
New Jersey (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the North Atlantic states and one of the thirteen original states of the United States of America. It contains the ...
New Mexico (
JE | WPGWPG) A territory in the western division of the United States; acquired after the war with Mexico by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ...
New Moon (
JE | WPGWPG) the period of New Moon was, in pre-exilic times, celebrated by cessation of labor; it was superior even to the Sabbath-day ...
241–260
Blessing of the New Moon (
JE | WPGWPG) the periodical reappearance of the moon, like the reappearance of everything that is a benefit to mankind, such as fruits ...
New Orleans (
JE | WPGWPG) Largest city in the state of Louisiana, which passed into the possession of the United States in 1803. Among its earliest ...
New Testament (
JE | WPGWPG) the name of "New Testament" was given by the Christian Church, at the close of the second century, to the gospels and to other ...
New-year (
JE | WPGWPG) in the earliest times the Hebrew year began in autumn with the opening of the economic year. There followed in regular succession ...
New-year for trees (
JE | WPGWPG) the anniversary of the festival of trees, which occurs on the 15th of Shebaṭ (roughly corresponding to Feb. 1), is known ...
New York (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief commercial city of the state of New York and the largest city of the United States; contains a larger Jewish population ...
New York (
JE | WPGWPG) Most populous state of the American Union, with an estimated Jewish population of 750,000. The history of the Jews of the ...
Newark (
JE | WPGWPG) Largest city of the state of New Jersey, U. S. A. Its first Jewish congregation was founded Aug. 20, 1848, under the name ...
Joseph E Newburger (
JE | WPGWPG) American jurist; born in New York city 1853; educated in the public schools and at Columbia College (School of Law), New York ...
Newcastle-upon-Tyne (
JE | WPGWPG) English seaport; center of the English coal-trade. It has a population of 214,803, including about 500 Jewish families. Jews ...
Alfred Alvarez Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) English metal-worker and art-collector; born in London 1851; died there 1887. He revived the blacksmith's art in its medieval ...
Leopold Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) American soldier. He entered in the Civil war as captain of Company B, 31st New York Infantry, and rose to the rank of lieutenant-colonel ...
Selig Newman (
JE | WPGWPG) German Hebraist; born at Posen, Prussian Poland, in 1788; died at Williamsburg, N. Y., Feb. 20, 1871. He was educated at Posen ...
Newport (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the capitals of the state of Rhode Island, U. S. A. Before the American Revolution, Newport excelled New York as a ...
Sefer ha-Neyar (
JE | WPGWPG) Anonymous compendium of laws; compiled during the first third of the fourteenth century, after 1319, probably by a Provenç ...
261–280
Alfred Neymarck (
JE | WPGWPG) French economist and statistician; born at Châlons-sur-Marne Jan. 3, 1848. He was editor of the "Revue Contemporaine" ...
Nezhin (
Nyezhin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town, in the government of Chernigov; one of the centers of the tobacco-trade. In 1648 Nezhin was taken by the Cossacks ...
Nezikin (
JE | WPGWPG) Order of the Mishnah and the Tosefta, in both the Babylonian and the Jerusalem Talmud. The name "Nezikin", which occurs ...
Nibhaz (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the deities worshiped by the Avites(II Kings xvii. 31), who had been imported into the country about Samaria after ...
Nicanor (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Patroclus, and general and friend of Antiochus Epiphanes, who in 165 B.C. sent him and Gorgias with an army against ...
Nicodemus (
JE | WPGWPG) Prominent member of the Sanhedrin, and a man of wealth; lived in Jerusalem in the first century C.E. He is mentioned in John ...
Nicodemus (Nakdimon) ben Gorion (
JE | WPGWPG) Lived at Jerusalem in the first century C.E.; the wealthiest and most respected member of the peace party during the revolution ...
Niebla (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the oldest towns of Spain, situated 12 miles west of Seville and to the east of Huelva. It was one of the earliest ...
Abraham ben Ephraim Niederländer (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian mathematician of the sixteenth century; scribe of R. Judah Löw ben Bezaleel (MaHaRaL) of Prague. He was the ...
Ahasverus Samuel van Nierop (
JE | WPGWPG) Dutch jurist; born at Hoorn Jan. 24, 1813; died at Amsterdam May 15, 1878. He studied law at the Amsterdam Athenæum, ...
281–300
Frederik Salomon van Nierop (
JE | WPGWPG) Dutch economist; born at Amsterdam March 6, 1844. He took his degree as doctor of law at Leyden in 1866, established himself ...
David NietoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Haham of the Sephardic community in London; born at Venice 1654; died in London Jan. 10, 1728. He first practised as a physician ...
Isaac NietoJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Haham of the Portuguese congregation Sha'are Shamaim, Bevis Marks, London; born 1702; died at London 1774; son of David ...
Niggun (
JE | WPGWPG) A Neo-Hebraic noun formed from the "pi'el" of the verb = "to play strings", "make music"; hence meaning generally "tune ...
Night (
JE | WPGWPG) the period between sunset and sunrise (see Calendar; Day). The older Biblical term for the whole day was "yom wa-lailah" or ...
Moses Nigrin (
Negrin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Cabalist; lived in Safed early in the sixteenth century; a contemporary of Moses di Trani. He is chiefly known as a commentator ...
Simon (Solomon) Nigrin (
Negrin) (
JE | WPGWPG) Author; lived in Jerusalem in the early part of the seventeenth century; a grandnephew of Moses Nigrin. He is the supposed ...
Nijni-Novgorod (
Nizhni-Novgorod) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name; famed for its fairs, which are held annually. It is without the ...
Nikolaief (
Nikolayev) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian Black Sea port and naval station, in the government of Kherson; founded in 1784; now an important commercial center ...
Nikolsburg (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in southern Moravia. The settlement of the Jews in Nikolsburg dates probably from 1420, when, after the expulsion from ...
Nile (
JE | WPGWPG) the great river of Egypt; frequently referred to in the Bible. The Authorized Version everywhere renders the word employed ...
Nîmes (
JE | WPGWPG) Chief town of the department of Gard, France. Jews were settled here in very remote times. Hilderic, Count of Nîmes, ...
Nimrod (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Cush and grandson of Ham; his name has become proverbial as that of a mighty hunter. His "kingdom" comprised Babel ...
Nineveh (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Assyria. The form of its name is derived from the Masoretic text. It answers as nearly as possible to the native Assyrian ...
Nippur (
JE | WPGWPG) Ancient name of a great city in central Babylonia whose ruined site is now known as Nuffar (Niffer), which is the same word ...
Nisan (
JE | WPGWPG) First ecclesiastical and seventh civil month (Neh. ii. 1; Esth. iii. 7). In the earlier Biblical books it is designated "Ḥ ...
Nish (
Nissa) (
JE | WPGWPG) City of Servia on the Nissava. Its Jewish community dates from the beginning of the eighteenth century, as is shown by a question ...
301 to 400
301–320
Nishmat (
JE | WPGWPG) Literally, "the soul of". A part of the liturgy which on Sabbaths and festivals leads up to the short benediction ("yishtabbaḥ ...
Nisibis (
JE | WPGWPG) City in northeastern Mesopotamia, in the ancient province of Migdonia. The Biblical Accad (Gen. x. 10) is rendered "Neẓ ...
Henriette Nissen (
Nissen-Saloman) (
JE | WPGWPG) Swedish singer; born in Göteborg March 12, 1819; died in Harzburg Aug. 27, 1879. She studied pianoforte under Chopin ...
Nissi ben Noah (
JE | WPGWPG) Karaite scholar; lived at Bassora, later at Jerusalem, in the eighth century. He is believed to have been the son of abu Nissi ...
Don Nissim Benveniste (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish scholar of the fifteenth century. His halakic consultations with Isaac Aboab were published, under the title "She' ...
Hayyim b. Elijah Nissim (
JE | WPGWPG) Turkish rabbi; probably lived in the second half of the eighteenth century. He was the author of "Maza Ḥayyim ...
Nissim ben Moses of Marseilles (
JE | WPGWPG) Philosopher of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. He was the author of a philosophical commentary on the Pentateuch ...
Nissim b. Reuben Gerondi (
JE | WPGWPG) Physician, astronomer, and halakist; flourished at Barcelona about 1340 to 1380. He had much to suffer at the hands of certain ...
Noah>>Noah in rabbinic literatureJE (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Lamech and the ninth in descent from Adam. In the midst of abounding corruption he alone was "righteous and blameless ...
Mordecai Manuel Noah (
JE | WPGWPG) American politician, journalist, playwright, and philanthropist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., July 19, 1785; died in New York ...
321–340
Noah b. Pesah (
JE | WPGWPG) Acting rabbi in Pinsk; died there in 1638. He wrote a commentary on Bereshit Rabbah under the title of "Toledot Noaḥ ...
Nob (
JE | WPGWPG) City or village of priests where David received holy bread when in pressing need of food at the beginning of his persecution ...
Nobah (
JE | WPGWPG) Apparently, a Manassite warrior who, during the conquest of the territory east of the Jordan, made himself master of Kenath ...
Elijah ben Joseph di Nola (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian physician and rabbi of the sixteenth century. In 1563 he was living in Rome, where he occupied the position of rabbi ...
Menahem Nola (
John Paul Eusthatius) (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian convert to Christianity; born about 1540; died at Rome about 1602. Nothing is known of Nola's life before his ...
Theodor Nöldeke (
JE | WPGWPG) German Orientalist; born March 2, 1836, at Harburg. He studied Oriental languages at Göttingen, Vienna, Leyden, and Berlin ...
Nomism (
JE | WPGWPG) That religious tendency which aims at the control of both social and individual life by legalism, making the law the supreme ...
Nones (
JE | WPGWPG) American family, tracing its descent from Benjamin Nones of Philadelphia, who lived at the end of the eighteenth century ....
Noph (
JE | WPGWPG) City of ancient Egypt, mentioned in Isa. xix. 13, Jer. ii. 16, xliv. 1, xlvi. 14, and Ezek. xxx. 13, 16. All the ancient versions ...
Max (Simon) Nordau (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian litterateur and philosopher; born in Budapest July 29, 1849.His parents were very poor. His father, Gabriel Sü ...
Joshua D Norden (
JE | WPGWPG) English soldier and adventurer; died at Graham's Town, Cape Colony, April 26, 1846. He was field commandant in the Kaffir ...
Nordhausen (
JE | WPGWPG) Prussian manufacturing town, in the province of Saxony. The earliest mention of Jews at Nordhausen occurs in a document signed ...
Isaac Nordheimer (
JE | WPGWPG) American Orientalist; born 1809 at Memelsdorf, near Erlangen, in Bavaria; died 1842. A very promising Talmudic student, he ...
Nördlingen (
JE | WPGWPG) City in the district of Swabia, Bavaria; till 1803 a free city of the German empire. Like Augsburg, Nuremberg, Würzburg ...
North Carolina (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the South Atlantic states of the American Union, and one of the thirteen original states. In 1826 Isaac Harby estimated ...
Northampton (
JE | WPGWPG) Capital of Northamptonshire, England. Jews were living there as early as 1180, when it is recorded that Samuel of Northampton ...
341–360
Northeim (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the province of Hanover, Prussia. It has a population of 6,695, of whom over 100 are Jews. Jews lived there as early ...
Norway (
JE | WPGWPG) Northwestern division of the Scandinavian peninsula. It has a total population of 2,240,032. The census of 1897 counted over ...
Norwich (
JE | WPGWPG) Capital town of the county of Norfolk, England. After London, Oxford, and Cambridge, it is the earliest English town mentioned ...
Norzi (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian family, many members of which were distinguished as scholars and rabbis. Probably the family name is derived from ...
Nose (
JE | WPGWPG) Anthropologists who consider the nose an important racial index (Topinard, Bertillon, Deniker, and others) in their classifications ...
Nose-ring (
JE | WPGWPG) the Hebrew word (plural) is used for both earrings and nose-rings, but where the latter is referred to the word is added ...
Alfred Nossig (
JE | WPGWPG) Austrian author and sculptor; born at Lemberg, Galicia, April 18, 1864. He studied law, philosophy, and natural science at ...
Notarikon (
JE | WPGWPG) A system of shorthand consisting in either simply abbreviating the words or in writing only one letter of each word. This ...
Nothhandel (
JE | WPGWPG) Technical term used in the laws referring to the petty trading of the Jews, which laws aimed to exclude the Jews from such ...
Nathan Notkin (
Note) (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian army-contractor and financier; born at Shklov about the middle of the eighteenth century; died at St. Petersburg 1804 ...
Osip Konstantinovich Notovich (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian journalist; born in 1849 at Kertch, where his father was rabbi. Notovich studied law at the University of St. Petersburg ...
Menahem Noveira (
JE | WPGWPG) Italian rabbi of Verona and poet of the eighteenth century. He was a grandson of Hezekiah Mordecai Basan. His three responsa ...
Novgorod (
JE | WPGWPG) One of the oldest of Russian cities, on the River Volkhoff; it has been in existence since the ninth century. In the first ...
Novgorod-Syeversk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Chernigov. The town dates its origin as far back as the eleventh century. Jews lived there ...
Novgorod-Volhynsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Volhynia. It has a total population of 16,873, of whom about 9,000 are Jews (1897). The ...
Novoaleksandrovsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city in the government of Kovno. It has (1897) a total population of 6,370, of whom 4,277 are Jews. Among the latter ...
Novogrudok (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian town in the government of Minsk. The first mention of Jews in connection with Novogrudok dates back to 1484, when ...
Novomoskovsk (
JE | WPGWPG) Russian city in the government of Yekaterinoslav; it has a total population of 12,862, including 1,147 Jews. Among the latter ...
361–380
Novy-Dvor (
JE | WPGWPG) Village in the district of Grodno. In the sixteenth century Novy-Dvor had a well-organized Jewish community, some of whose ...
Novy Israel (
JE | WPGWPG) Name of a Jewish reformed religious party or sect, with tendencies toward Christianity, which arose in Odessa at the end of ...
Numbers and
Numerals (
JE | WPGWPG) the letters of the alphabet were used as numerical symbols as early as the Maccabean period (comp. Numismatics). Whether such ...
Numenius (
JE | WPGWPG) Son of Antiochus. Together with Antipater, son of Jason, he was sent to Sparta and Rome, first by Jonathan Maccabeus (I Macc ...
Numismatics (
JE | WPGWPG) the study of Jewish coinage, strictly speaking, begins with the Maccabean period. Some information, however, concerning the ...
Nun (
JE | WPGWPG) Fourteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name signifies "fish", and perhaps indicates the original shape of the letter ...
Henrique (Enrique) Nunes (
JE | WPGWPG) Judæo-Portuguese convert to Christianity; born in Borba, Portugal; died July, 1524. After being baptized in Castile, ...
Robert Nunes (
JE | WPGWPG) Jamaican magistrate; born in Montego Bay, Jamaica, Dec. 12, 1820; died at Falmouth, Jamaica, Jan. 31, 1889. Originally destined ...
Manuela Nunes da Almeyda (
JE | WPGWPG) Spanish poetess; born in London; mother of Mordecai Nunes Almeyda, the patron of the Spanish poet Daniel Israel Lopez Laguna ...
David Nuñes-Torres (
JE | WPGWPG) Ḥakam and editor; born probably at Amsterdam; died in 1728 at the Hague. He was preacher of the societies Abi Yetomim ...
Nuñez (
JE | WPGWPG) Marano family, of which the following members are known: Beatriz Nuñez: Burned, at the age of sixty, at the auto da ...
Maria Nuñez (
JE | WPGWPG) Daughter of the Portuguese Marano Gaspar Lopez Homem and Mayor Rodriguez; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries ...
Samuel Nuñez (
Ribiero) (
JE | WPGWPG) Marano physician of the eighteenth century; born in Lisbon. He belonged to a distinguished family in that city, and was a ...
Isaac Joseph Nuñez-Vaes (
JE | WPGWPG) Rabbi at Leghorn, Italy; died before 1788. A follower of the Cabala, he was highly respected by his contemporaries for his ...
Jacob Nuñez-Vaes (
JE | WPGWPG) Editor and rabbi of Leghorn, Italy; died there about 1815; son of Isaac Joseph Nuñez-Vaes, and pupil of Isaac Nuñ ...
Nuremberg (
JE | WPGWPG) Most important commercial city of Bavaria. According to Wagenseil ("De Civitate Norimburgiæ", p. 71), Jews were living ...
Hilarius Nusbaum [
pl;
ru (
JE | WPGWPG) Polish historian and communal worker; born in Warsaw 1820; died there 1895. He was educated in the Warsaw rabbinical seminary ...
381–400
Myer Nussbaum (
JE | WPGWPG) American lawyer; born in Albany, N. Y.; son of Simon and Clara Nussbaum, who went to America from Neustadt-on-the-Saale, Bavaria ...
Nut (
JE | WPGWPG) the rendering in the English versions of the two Hebrew words "egoz" and "boṭnim". 1. "Egoz." This is mentioned once ...
Alexander Nyári (
JE | WPGWPG) Hungarian art critic; born Aug. 28, 1861, at Zala-Egersczeg; educated at Vienna under Hansen, receiving his diploma as architect ...
Nyons (
JE | WPGWPG) Town in the ancient province of Dauphiné, France. A Jewish community must have existed there before the fourteenth century ...