Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Established | 1854 |
| Disbanded | 31 May 1902 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 57 [1] |
Length of term | 4 years |
| Meeting place | |
| Bloemfontein | |
The Volksraad of the Orange Free State ( Afrikaans: Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat) was the unicameral parliament of the Orange Free State. It was the supreme authority of Orange Free State. [2]
Volksraad had 52-57 members representing major town and districts in the republic. [3] The members had to be of European blood, over twenty-five years old, resident in the republic for at least one year, possessed real estate of the value of £200, and never convicted of crime. [2] [3] The districts represented by members of Volksraad were Bloemfontein, Fauresmith, Caledon River, Winburg, Harrismith, Kroonstad, Boshof, Bethulie, Philippolis and Jacobsdal. [4]
The members were elected for four years, half of them retiring every second year. [2] Burghers were able to vote.
The Volksraad met once a year in ordinary session [2] in Bloemfontein. During Second Boer War, Volksraad met in Kroonstad in 1900. [3]
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Chairmen
The chairman of the Volksraad (Voorzitter van den Volksraad) was elected annually. [5]
| Chairman | Took office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Josias Philip Hoffman | March 1854 | June 1854 | [6] |
| Henry Halse | June 1854 | ? | [7] |
| Lodewyk Jacobus Papenfus | ?-1857 | 1857-? | [8] |
| Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1859 | 1859-? | [9] |
| J. N. Uijs | ?-1860 | 1860-? | [10] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1861 [11] | 1863-? [12] | |
| Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1864 | 1864-? | [12] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1865 | 1865-? | [13] |
| Hendrik Oostewald Dreyer | ?-1866 | 1866 [2] | |
| Gerhardus Johannes du Toit | 1866-? | ? | [14] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1867 | 1875-? | [15] |
| T. J. de Villiers | ?-1876 | 1876-? | [3] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1877 | 1879 | [3] |
| T. J. de Villiers | ?-1880 | 1883-? | [3] |
| John G. Fraser | 1884 | 1896 | [16] |
| Christiaan Willem Hendrik Van Der Post | 1896 [17] | 1897 | [18] |
| Cornelius Hermanus Wessels | 1897 [19] | 1899-? [3] | |
| ? | 1899 | 1902 |
References
- ^ Martin, Frederick; Keltie, Sir John Scott; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Epstein, Mortimer; Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry; Paxton, John; Hunter (Librarian), Brian; Turner, Barry (1894). "The Statesman's Year-book 1894". Palgrave.
- ^ a b c d e McCall Theal, George (1908). History of South Africa Since September 1795 (PDF). Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
- ^ a b c d e f g Eales, Marjory. An Annotated Guide to the Pre-Union Government Publications of the Orange Free State 1854-1910 (PDF).
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- ^ "Select Constitutional Documents Illustrating South African History 1795 – 1910 – Boererate". boere.co.za.
- ^ "Orange Free State: Heads of State: 1854-1902 - Archontology.org". www.archontology.org.
- ^ Collins, W. W. (1907). "Free Statia" or Reminiscences of a Lifetime in the Orange Free State. Bloemfontein, O.R.C.
- ^ Muller, Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas (1907). "Oude tijden in den Oranje-Vrijstaat" (in Dutch). Brill Archive.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1859.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1871.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1861.
- ^ a b "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1864.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1865.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1867.
- ^ Parliament of South Africa (1911). "Who's who in the Union of Parliament: Portraits and Biographies of the Members of the Two Houses of the First Parliament of the Union of South Africa". Cape Times Limited.
- ^ Oordt, Johan Frederik Van (1899). "Onder de vierkleur: Een verhaal uit den tijd van den Jameson-inval" (in Dutch). Hollandsch-afrikaansche uitgevers-maatschappij v/h. J. Dusseau.
- ^ Scholtz, Gert Daniel (1936). "Die konstitusie en die staatsinstellings van die Oranje-vry-staat, 1854-1902 ..." (in Afrikaans). N. v. Swets & Zeitlinger.
- ^ Beaufort, Willem H. de (1993). "Dagboeken en aantekeningen van Willem Hendrik de Beaufort, 1874-1918" (in Dutch). Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis.
Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Type | |
| Type | |
| History | |
| Established | 1854 |
| Disbanded | 31 May 1902 |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 57 [1] |
Length of term | 4 years |
| Meeting place | |
| Bloemfontein | |
The Volksraad of the Orange Free State ( Afrikaans: Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat) was the unicameral parliament of the Orange Free State. It was the supreme authority of Orange Free State. [2]
Volksraad had 52-57 members representing major town and districts in the republic. [3] The members had to be of European blood, over twenty-five years old, resident in the republic for at least one year, possessed real estate of the value of £200, and never convicted of crime. [2] [3] The districts represented by members of Volksraad were Bloemfontein, Fauresmith, Caledon River, Winburg, Harrismith, Kroonstad, Boshof, Bethulie, Philippolis and Jacobsdal. [4]
The members were elected for four years, half of them retiring every second year. [2] Burghers were able to vote.
The Volksraad met once a year in ordinary session [2] in Bloemfontein. During Second Boer War, Volksraad met in Kroonstad in 1900. [3]
Chairmen
The chairman of the Volksraad (Voorzitter van den Volksraad) was elected annually. [5]
| Chairman | Took office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Josias Philip Hoffman | March 1854 | June 1854 | [6] |
| Henry Halse | June 1854 | ? | [7] |
| Lodewyk Jacobus Papenfus | ?-1857 | 1857-? | [8] |
| Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1859 | 1859-? | [9] |
| J. N. Uijs | ?-1860 | 1860-? | [10] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1861 [11] | 1863-? [12] | |
| Esaias Reynier Snijman | ?-1864 | 1864-? | [12] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1865 | 1865-? | [13] |
| Hendrik Oostewald Dreyer | ?-1866 | 1866 [2] | |
| Gerhardus Johannes du Toit | 1866-? | ? | [14] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1867 | 1875-? | [15] |
| T. J. de Villiers | ?-1876 | 1876-? | [3] |
| Gert Petrus Visser | ?-1877 | 1879 | [3] |
| T. J. de Villiers | ?-1880 | 1883-? | [3] |
| John G. Fraser | 1884 | 1896 | [16] |
| Christiaan Willem Hendrik Van Der Post | 1896 [17] | 1897 | [18] |
| Cornelius Hermanus Wessels | 1897 [19] | 1899-? [3] | |
| ? | 1899 | 1902 |
References
- ^ Martin, Frederick; Keltie, Sir John Scott; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Epstein, Mortimer; Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry; Paxton, John; Hunter (Librarian), Brian; Turner, Barry (1894). "The Statesman's Year-book 1894". Palgrave.
- ^ a b c d e McCall Theal, George (1908). History of South Africa Since September 1795 (PDF). Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
- ^ a b c d e f g Eales, Marjory. An Annotated Guide to the Pre-Union Government Publications of the Orange Free State 1854-1910 (PDF).
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- ^ "Select Constitutional Documents Illustrating South African History 1795 – 1910 – Boererate". boere.co.za.
- ^ "Orange Free State: Heads of State: 1854-1902 - Archontology.org". www.archontology.org.
- ^ Collins, W. W. (1907). "Free Statia" or Reminiscences of a Lifetime in the Orange Free State. Bloemfontein, O.R.C.
- ^ Muller, Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas (1907). "Oude tijden in den Oranje-Vrijstaat" (in Dutch). Brill Archive.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1859.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1871.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1861.
- ^ a b "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1864.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1865.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1866.
- ^ "Notulen der verrichtingen van de Hoog-Edelen Volksraad" (in Dutch). 1867.
- ^ Parliament of South Africa (1911). "Who's who in the Union of Parliament: Portraits and Biographies of the Members of the Two Houses of the First Parliament of the Union of South Africa". Cape Times Limited.
- ^ Oordt, Johan Frederik Van (1899). "Onder de vierkleur: Een verhaal uit den tijd van den Jameson-inval" (in Dutch). Hollandsch-afrikaansche uitgevers-maatschappij v/h. J. Dusseau.
- ^ Scholtz, Gert Daniel (1936). "Die konstitusie en die staatsinstellings van die Oranje-vry-staat, 1854-1902 ..." (in Afrikaans). N. v. Swets & Zeitlinger.
- ^ Beaufort, Willem H. de (1993). "Dagboeken en aantekeningen van Willem Hendrik de Beaufort, 1874-1918" (in Dutch). Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis.