The volatilome (sometimes termed volatolome [1] or volatome [2] [3] [4]) contains all of the volatile metabolites as well as other volatile organic and inorganic compounds that originate from an organism, [5] [6] [7] super-organism, or ecosystem. The atmosphere of a living planet could be regarded as its volatilome. While all volatile metabolites in the volatilome can be thought of as a subset of the metabolome, the volatilome also contains exogenously derived compounds that do not derive from metabolic processes (e.g. environmental contaminants), therefore the volatilome can be regarded as a distinct entity from the metabolome. The volatilome is a component of the 'aura' of molecules and microbes (the 'microbial cloud' [8]) that surrounds all organisms.
Odor profile
All volatile metabolites detectable by the human nose are termed an ' odour profile'. The association of altered odour profiles with disease states has long been documented in both eastern and western medicine, and recent advances in robotic sample introduction have increased interest in the volatilome as a source for biomarkers that can be used for non-invasive screening for disease. [9] [10] Volatile profiles can be collected via active or passive sampling and analysis is predominantly undertaken using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, with a variety of direct or indirect sample introduction techniques.
See also
References
- ^ Broza, Yoav Y.; Mochalski, Pawel; Ruzsanyi, Vera; Amann, Anton; Haick, Hossam (Sep 2015). "Hybrid volatolomics and disease detection". Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 54 (38): 11036–48. doi: 10.1002/anie.201500153. PMID 26235374.
- ^ Phillips, Michael; Cataneo, Renee N.; Chaturvedi, Anirudh; Kaplan, Peter D.; Libardoni, Mark; Mundada, Mayur; Patel, Urvish; Zhang, Xiang (2013-09-25). "Detection of an Extended Human Volatome with Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry". PLOS ONE. 8 (9): e75274. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...875274P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075274. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3783494. PMID 24086492.
- ^ Das, Mrinal Kumar; Bishwal, Subasa Chandra; Das, Aleena; Dabral, Deepti; Varshney, Ankur; Badireddy, Vinod Kumar; Nanda, Ranjan (2014-01-21). "Investigation of Gender-Specific Exhaled Breath Volatome in Humans by GCxGC-TOF-MS". Analytical Chemistry. 86 (2): 1229–1237. doi: 10.1021/ac403541a. ISSN 0003-2700. PMID 24350824.
- ^ Heddergott, C.; Calvo, A. M.; Latgé, J. P. (2017-02-02). "The Volatome of Aspergillus fumigatus". Eukaryotic Cell. 13 (8): 1014–1025. doi: 10.1128/EC.00074-14. ISSN 1535-9778. PMC 4135790. PMID 24906414.
- ^ Amann, Anton; Costello, Ben de Lacy; Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen; Buszewski, Bogusław; Pleil, Joachim; Ratcliffe, Norman; Risby, Terence (2014-09-01). "The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva". Journal of Breath Research. 8 (3): 034001. Bibcode: 2014JBR.....8c4001A. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/8/3/034001. ISSN 1752-7163. PMID 24946087. S2CID 40583110.
- ^ Birgitta, E. Ebert; Halbfeld, Christoph; Blank, Lars M. (2017). "Exploration and Exploitation of the Yeast Volatilome". Current Metabolomics. 5 (2). doi: 10.2174/2213235X04666160818151119.
- ^ Freihorst, Daniela; Brunsch, Melanie; Wirth, Sophia; Krause, Katrin; Kniemeyer, Olaf; Linde, Jörg; Kunert, Maritta; Boland, Wilhelm; Kothe, Erika (March 2018). "Smelling the difference: Transcriptome, proteome and volatilome changes after mating". Fungal Genetics and Biology. 112: 2–11. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2016.08.007. PMID 27593501.
- ^ Meadow, James F.; Altrichter, Adam E.; Bateman, Ashley C.; Stenson, Jason; Brown, GZ; Green, Jessica L.; Bohannan, Brendan J.M. (2015-09-22). "Humans differ in their personal microbial cloud". PeerJ. 3: e1258. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1258. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4582947. PMID 26417541.
- ^ Broza, Yoav Y.; Haick, Hossam (May 2013). "Nanomaterial-based sensors for detection of disease by volatile organic compounds". Nanomedicine (Lond). 8 (5): 785–806. doi: 10.2217/nnm.13.64. PMID 23656265.
- ^ Fielding, David; Hartel, Gunter; Pass, Davi; Brown, Michael; Dent, Annette; Agnew, Julienne; Dickie, Graeme; Ware, Robert S; Hodge, Robert (August 2020). "Volatile organic compound breath testing detects insitu squamous cell carcinoma of bronchial and laryngeal regions and shows distinct profiles of each tumour" (PDF). Journal of Breath Research. 14 (4). Bristol, United Kingdom: IOP: 046013. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/abb18a. ISSN 1752-7163. PMID 33021204. S2CID 222144372.
The volatilome (sometimes termed volatolome [1] or volatome [2] [3] [4]) contains all of the volatile metabolites as well as other volatile organic and inorganic compounds that originate from an organism, [5] [6] [7] super-organism, or ecosystem. The atmosphere of a living planet could be regarded as its volatilome. While all volatile metabolites in the volatilome can be thought of as a subset of the metabolome, the volatilome also contains exogenously derived compounds that do not derive from metabolic processes (e.g. environmental contaminants), therefore the volatilome can be regarded as a distinct entity from the metabolome. The volatilome is a component of the 'aura' of molecules and microbes (the 'microbial cloud' [8]) that surrounds all organisms.
Odor profile
All volatile metabolites detectable by the human nose are termed an ' odour profile'. The association of altered odour profiles with disease states has long been documented in both eastern and western medicine, and recent advances in robotic sample introduction have increased interest in the volatilome as a source for biomarkers that can be used for non-invasive screening for disease. [9] [10] Volatile profiles can be collected via active or passive sampling and analysis is predominantly undertaken using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, with a variety of direct or indirect sample introduction techniques.
See also
References
- ^ Broza, Yoav Y.; Mochalski, Pawel; Ruzsanyi, Vera; Amann, Anton; Haick, Hossam (Sep 2015). "Hybrid volatolomics and disease detection". Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 54 (38): 11036–48. doi: 10.1002/anie.201500153. PMID 26235374.
- ^ Phillips, Michael; Cataneo, Renee N.; Chaturvedi, Anirudh; Kaplan, Peter D.; Libardoni, Mark; Mundada, Mayur; Patel, Urvish; Zhang, Xiang (2013-09-25). "Detection of an Extended Human Volatome with Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry". PLOS ONE. 8 (9): e75274. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...875274P. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075274. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3783494. PMID 24086492.
- ^ Das, Mrinal Kumar; Bishwal, Subasa Chandra; Das, Aleena; Dabral, Deepti; Varshney, Ankur; Badireddy, Vinod Kumar; Nanda, Ranjan (2014-01-21). "Investigation of Gender-Specific Exhaled Breath Volatome in Humans by GCxGC-TOF-MS". Analytical Chemistry. 86 (2): 1229–1237. doi: 10.1021/ac403541a. ISSN 0003-2700. PMID 24350824.
- ^ Heddergott, C.; Calvo, A. M.; Latgé, J. P. (2017-02-02). "The Volatome of Aspergillus fumigatus". Eukaryotic Cell. 13 (8): 1014–1025. doi: 10.1128/EC.00074-14. ISSN 1535-9778. PMC 4135790. PMID 24906414.
- ^ Amann, Anton; Costello, Ben de Lacy; Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen; Buszewski, Bogusław; Pleil, Joachim; Ratcliffe, Norman; Risby, Terence (2014-09-01). "The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva". Journal of Breath Research. 8 (3): 034001. Bibcode: 2014JBR.....8c4001A. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/8/3/034001. ISSN 1752-7163. PMID 24946087. S2CID 40583110.
- ^ Birgitta, E. Ebert; Halbfeld, Christoph; Blank, Lars M. (2017). "Exploration and Exploitation of the Yeast Volatilome". Current Metabolomics. 5 (2). doi: 10.2174/2213235X04666160818151119.
- ^ Freihorst, Daniela; Brunsch, Melanie; Wirth, Sophia; Krause, Katrin; Kniemeyer, Olaf; Linde, Jörg; Kunert, Maritta; Boland, Wilhelm; Kothe, Erika (March 2018). "Smelling the difference: Transcriptome, proteome and volatilome changes after mating". Fungal Genetics and Biology. 112: 2–11. doi: 10.1016/j.fgb.2016.08.007. PMID 27593501.
- ^ Meadow, James F.; Altrichter, Adam E.; Bateman, Ashley C.; Stenson, Jason; Brown, GZ; Green, Jessica L.; Bohannan, Brendan J.M. (2015-09-22). "Humans differ in their personal microbial cloud". PeerJ. 3: e1258. doi: 10.7717/peerj.1258. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4582947. PMID 26417541.
- ^ Broza, Yoav Y.; Haick, Hossam (May 2013). "Nanomaterial-based sensors for detection of disease by volatile organic compounds". Nanomedicine (Lond). 8 (5): 785–806. doi: 10.2217/nnm.13.64. PMID 23656265.
- ^ Fielding, David; Hartel, Gunter; Pass, Davi; Brown, Michael; Dent, Annette; Agnew, Julienne; Dickie, Graeme; Ware, Robert S; Hodge, Robert (August 2020). "Volatile organic compound breath testing detects insitu squamous cell carcinoma of bronchial and laryngeal regions and shows distinct profiles of each tumour" (PDF). Journal of Breath Research. 14 (4). Bristol, United Kingdom: IOP: 046013. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/abb18a. ISSN 1752-7163. PMID 33021204. S2CID 222144372.