The Vanguards of the Fatherland ( Spanish: Vanguardias de la Patria) were a group of far-right [1] pseudo- fascist [2] organizations in the Uruguayan Army, ideologically close to the riverist trend. [3]
The movement was born in the context of the militarist opposition to the reformist policies promoted by the Uruguayan welfare state, soon before the 1933 Uruguayan coup d'état. [4] Anti-egalitarian and explicitly opposed to batllism and communism, the movement offered military training for young civilians. [5]
The Vanguards were directly linked to the previous Uruguayan Patriotic Association (Spanish: Asociación Patriótica del Uruguay) and were founded in 1929 [6] under the sponsorship of riverists general Manuel Dubra [3] and colonel Ulises Monegal. [7] The movement used official Army facilities for their activities. [6]
Aside from their training, vanguardists would organize military-styled parades and march using combat uniforms and weapons. The movement numbered nearly 400 members, despite Dubra stated his expectations were to reach 20,000 combatants by 1930. [8]
At the moment of the foundation of the Vanguards, Dubra was serving as minister of War and Navy for the riverist government of Juan Campisteguy. [1] His involvement in the development of a paramilitary organization led to a parliamentary investigation and interpellation, in which he was supported by riverist leader Pedro Manini Ríos. [3]
The name of the Vanguards had been used by previous Uruguayan scouting organizations, despite there was no relationship between both movements. [8]
The Vanguards of the Fatherland ( Spanish: Vanguardias de la Patria) were a group of far-right [1] pseudo- fascist [2] organizations in the Uruguayan Army, ideologically close to the riverist trend. [3]
The movement was born in the context of the militarist opposition to the reformist policies promoted by the Uruguayan welfare state, soon before the 1933 Uruguayan coup d'état. [4] Anti-egalitarian and explicitly opposed to batllism and communism, the movement offered military training for young civilians. [5]
The Vanguards were directly linked to the previous Uruguayan Patriotic Association (Spanish: Asociación Patriótica del Uruguay) and were founded in 1929 [6] under the sponsorship of riverists general Manuel Dubra [3] and colonel Ulises Monegal. [7] The movement used official Army facilities for their activities. [6]
Aside from their training, vanguardists would organize military-styled parades and march using combat uniforms and weapons. The movement numbered nearly 400 members, despite Dubra stated his expectations were to reach 20,000 combatants by 1930. [8]
At the moment of the foundation of the Vanguards, Dubra was serving as minister of War and Navy for the riverist government of Juan Campisteguy. [1] His involvement in the development of a paramilitary organization led to a parliamentary investigation and interpellation, in which he was supported by riverist leader Pedro Manini Ríos. [3]
The name of the Vanguards had been used by previous Uruguayan scouting organizations, despite there was no relationship between both movements. [8]