VR class Sr2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Sr2 is a class of electric locomotives of the VR Group. They were built by SLM/ ABB and later by Adtranz and finally Bombardier Transportation and assembled by Transtech Oy. [1] [2] They are closely based on the class Re 460 (or Lok 2000) locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways.
The nicknames of this class are Alppiruusu ( Edelweiss), Käkikello ( Cuckoo clock), both referring to the Swiss origin of the locomotive, [3] as well as Marsu ( Guinea pig) and Möhkö ( Blob), both from the looks of the locomotive.
In 1992, VR ordered the first 20 class Sr2 locomotives; [1] later 20 more were ordered with 12 options. Finally only six of the 12 options were transformed into orders, forming a total fleet of 46 engines. [3] The locomotives are used on both passenger trains and freight trains, and they are the primary locomotives of the fast InterCity trains in Finland.
Until mid-2010s Sr2s were pulling IC trains the classic way, but after Edo-class cab control cars were introduced in 2013, [4] Sr2 units have been used in pull-push mode with IC double deck stock. Until introduction of new Sr3 locomotives, Sr2 has been the only electric locomotive equipped for push-pull among Finnish rolling stock.
When introduced, the Sr2 was the fastest and most powerful locomotive of the VR. It was designed with a top speed of 230 km/h (140 mph) [1] and early units had that speed marked on them. [5] [6] During test runs, it has achieved a speed of 232 km/h (144 mph).[ citation needed] However, VR later limited the top speed to 210 km/h (130 mph), [3] since test runs require 10% faster speed than the targeted commercial speed.
The locomotive has GTO-thyristor inverters driving three-phase asynchronous AC motors. [7] The maximum power of each air-cooled motor is 1,560 kW (2,090 hp) at 2,600 V. [7] Combined, they are capable of a power output of 6,100 kilowatts (8,200 hp) (5,000 kW (6,700 hp) continuous power). [8] The motors are small and fit entirely within the bogies. [7] The bogies weigh only 15.8 tonnes and are equipped with radially steered axles. [1] This reduces rail wear significantly. A redesigned bogie construction was refitted by the manufacturer in the mid-2000s after the locomotives were found to oscillate sideways when running at speeds of over 160 km/h (99 mph). [9]
The whole construction of the locomotive is modular and all functions are controlled by several microprocessors via the locomotive bus (MICAS S2). [7] The system is redundant, so that a failure in one processor does not harm the overall system. [7] The data lines are fiber optic cables. [7]
Sr2 units are fitted with Unilink couplers, which combine a SA3 and a traditional chain coupler. [10]
As with all the Lok 2000 locomotives, the external design is by Pininfarina. [7] The series were painted red and white, showcasing VR's InterCity colours, with a large V on the bodyside to symbolise VR's high-speed traffic. [1] [11] [12] Starting from number 3222 the V was replaced with VR's logo. [3] Beginning from 2010 and starting from engine number 3221, all units were repainted with VR's current colour scheme (green and white). [2] [13]
VR class Sr2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Sr2 is a class of electric locomotives of the VR Group. They were built by SLM/ ABB and later by Adtranz and finally Bombardier Transportation and assembled by Transtech Oy. [1] [2] They are closely based on the class Re 460 (or Lok 2000) locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways.
The nicknames of this class are Alppiruusu ( Edelweiss), Käkikello ( Cuckoo clock), both referring to the Swiss origin of the locomotive, [3] as well as Marsu ( Guinea pig) and Möhkö ( Blob), both from the looks of the locomotive.
In 1992, VR ordered the first 20 class Sr2 locomotives; [1] later 20 more were ordered with 12 options. Finally only six of the 12 options were transformed into orders, forming a total fleet of 46 engines. [3] The locomotives are used on both passenger trains and freight trains, and they are the primary locomotives of the fast InterCity trains in Finland.
Until mid-2010s Sr2s were pulling IC trains the classic way, but after Edo-class cab control cars were introduced in 2013, [4] Sr2 units have been used in pull-push mode with IC double deck stock. Until introduction of new Sr3 locomotives, Sr2 has been the only electric locomotive equipped for push-pull among Finnish rolling stock.
When introduced, the Sr2 was the fastest and most powerful locomotive of the VR. It was designed with a top speed of 230 km/h (140 mph) [1] and early units had that speed marked on them. [5] [6] During test runs, it has achieved a speed of 232 km/h (144 mph).[ citation needed] However, VR later limited the top speed to 210 km/h (130 mph), [3] since test runs require 10% faster speed than the targeted commercial speed.
The locomotive has GTO-thyristor inverters driving three-phase asynchronous AC motors. [7] The maximum power of each air-cooled motor is 1,560 kW (2,090 hp) at 2,600 V. [7] Combined, they are capable of a power output of 6,100 kilowatts (8,200 hp) (5,000 kW (6,700 hp) continuous power). [8] The motors are small and fit entirely within the bogies. [7] The bogies weigh only 15.8 tonnes and are equipped with radially steered axles. [1] This reduces rail wear significantly. A redesigned bogie construction was refitted by the manufacturer in the mid-2000s after the locomotives were found to oscillate sideways when running at speeds of over 160 km/h (99 mph). [9]
The whole construction of the locomotive is modular and all functions are controlled by several microprocessors via the locomotive bus (MICAS S2). [7] The system is redundant, so that a failure in one processor does not harm the overall system. [7] The data lines are fiber optic cables. [7]
Sr2 units are fitted with Unilink couplers, which combine a SA3 and a traditional chain coupler. [10]
As with all the Lok 2000 locomotives, the external design is by Pininfarina. [7] The series were painted red and white, showcasing VR's InterCity colours, with a large V on the bodyside to symbolise VR's high-speed traffic. [1] [11] [12] Starting from number 3222 the V was replaced with VR's logo. [3] Beginning from 2010 and starting from engine number 3221, all units were repainted with VR's current colour scheme (green and white). [2] [13]