Annealing by Short circuit
Brief history of the Annealing of the Copper wire.
Time ago,when the task of making copper wire of smooth weather (C.R.U ≈ 20 Kg/mm ²), used methods that gave result, but the manufacturers know that they were expensive,necessary,and took long time, was the only way to anneal the copper wire and to give an appropriate electrical and mechanical characteristics for use on Cables types General Use, Energy, Telephony lines.
Up to this days the faster development of science in the branch of electronics they makes this possible by using of semiconductors like Thyristors, PLCs, Integrated circuits, that enormously facilitate the task in Power control.
These advances in latest electronic have done possible to design sophisticated and efficient machines,over the diverse branches of the industry, and actually obtain excellent results within a great range for the “The Annealing of the copper wire by using a Controlled Short circuit”
Troublesome process in which it was introduced to a furnace of regulated temperatures, certain amount of copper Sinking in iron spools and leaving it to fixed beforehand conditions of temperature and time to obtain the mechanical characteristic, passing it of a C.R.U ≈ 40 Kg/mm ² to C.R.U ≈ 20 Kg/mm ² annealed, that is to say soften it and soon to process it in a later stage in stranded machines and to obtain therefore a smooth copper thread meeting besides taking step to the next process that is to form prudent and/or soft copper thread thorons, with which cables of any dimension and required typical will be able to be made.
But this method already has been update by using the continuous annealing, that is to say annealing in the same machine without needing having to stop the sinking process and to accumulate load for the annealing furnace, with which time is saved, personnel, space, nitrogen; this gas is used stops to avoid the oxidation of the thread and is necessary to break the initial emptiness to which the copper load was put.
The process consists to put in the way of exit of copper pulleys that were to Electrical Potential called step pulleys, this potential of pulleys with a section of very low resistance of the copper thread happening through them create a current of Short circuit and this as well produces the Joule effect, that is the one in charge to anneal the copper when giving temperature and to change to its electromechanical properties.
One is used to soften copper and to give electrical use him in the manufacture of electrical coductors. An increase of the conductivity in the case of copper is obtained. The annealed temperature of slightly over the 400 ºC. Quenching. Increase in the speed of production. Trustworthiness in the process. Significant reduction of the idlings in production. Clean process and probability of errors to the minimum.
Sinking copper machine it will be possible to be seen clearly that when having a section of copper between those pulley with potential in between, this will draw current by Ohm Law and the ohm resistance of the copper section and the applied tension it will force to that a current flow accros the copper, that can reach great values of temperatures and is exactly the dynamics of thermal balance, that dynamics is going to regulate the amount of heat the copper can absorb , overheating can not occur once the speed and the Voltage among the pulleys are sync. From this procedure we can can make smooth or semi-soft copper, all these thermal conditions are come off thermal balance law in this case will be Joule Effect
Final equation in steady state for the annealing of copper.
- T°C = ((KV ²)/(rpm))+t (a)
As additional data we have it temperature of expert of copper is approximately 400°C. Annealed T = Temperature of in °C.
- rpm = Angular velocity in revolutions per minute.
- t (a) = Room temperature in °C.
- V = Tension applied in Volts.
Where K is a constant that depends on the diameter of the passage pulleys in which this applied the electrical Potential, resistivity of copper, of the mechanical equivalent of the heat.
1 Calorie = 4,186 Joule.
We can say, as we know the temperature the annealing of copper ≈ 400°C and t (a) the room temperature 20°C, we will have a Parabola of the following form:
- KV² = 380.(rpm), to that we will call Parabola of Electrical Load.
Final equation that bind the Annealing Voltage of wire and the angular velocity of the pulleys of annealed and which if we introduce the diameter of the same in the equation we will have electrical stress ratio of and linear rate of copper when happening through the pulleys and that are exactly this linear rate the speed of sinking is the speed of the process. This equation can be used to consider the annealing of any other metal.
Also we can induce by simple inspection of the Parabola, that the annealing of a copper gauge will only depend on the relation between the two variables Tension versus Speed, then to manage to reduce times of production will be necessary to give to the line the maxima speed, at maximum speed it will appear according to the Parabola of electrical Load a tension that corresponds to him and that fulfills the equation.
This important equation binds the temperature of of the metal with the speed in rpm of the pulleys and the applied electrical voltage. which can be seen clearly that at greater speed, major applied tension and staying the resistance ohmic of the then constant copper section the current will be greater, is logical and in addition it is come off the simple equation of the ohmic resistance then we will say: then will say : bigger Voltage bigger current greater speed across the line.
Note: In order to know the law dependency between the speed variables and annealed tension of in transient state, it will be necessary to apply to Differential equations to the function of steady state, combining with the conditions of state in starting and shutdown of the Sinking machine,the result is an equation of exponential form.
References
- Autor = Jorge Luis Pedraz
- Títle = Thesis of Degree, Cable Manufacture and Tests of General Use and Energy.
- Year = 1994
- Pulication = UNI, Files, Peru.
- Autor = Jorge Luis Pedraz
- Títle Dynamic annealing of the Copper wire by using a Controlled Short circuit.
- Year = 1999
- Publication = Peru: Lima , CONIMERA 1999, INTERCON 99,
Speedy deletion nomination of Annealing by Short circuit
A tag has been placed on Annealing by Short circuit requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A1 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a very short article providing little or no context to the reader. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. Also please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources that verify their content. You may wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.
If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding {{
hangon}} to the top of
the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag - if no such tag exists then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hangon tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on
the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact
one of these admins to request that they
userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you.
Yousou (
talk)
20:38, 18 July 2010 (UTC)
I really must wonder why you reverted my edits on Annealing by Short circuit. Although they did remove a large portion of the article text, they kept everything required for an encyclopaedic description of the topic; though the page is far from complete, it was significantly improved from the point where it was up for deletion for being spam. It is a requirement that articles in Wikipedia have correct English spelling and grammar as well, which I took care of. It appears the text which the article keeps being replaced with (once by you) has been copied out of the browser rendering of an article on a wiki; the textual representation of the table of contents, among other things, should not appear in the article's final text. With that in mind, is there a factual error in the current revision of the article? It can be corrected by editing that version. Please do let me know on my talkpage! Additionally, why is that article text on your user page and talk page? I won't remove it for you, but it looks kind of strange. --Falcon Darkstar Momot ( talk) 10:12, 22 July 2010 (UTC).
I don't know the people at the top of this page
Well I am the author of this article, since a couple days I start work over the English version, somebody clean all my work and instead of that keep show the very, very short article with wrong ideas about it and no professional explanation, who ever do this stop and let me finish,you should no is not that easy .
I am Electric Engineer , and just in case this is an article from my Engineer degree thesis , my principal article is in spanish with the name "Recocido por cortocircuito" please if have no idea what do you write, please don't do it , for me this article will take time,at least 2 weeks I have no all the time of the world for finish , please once again if you know who is doing this to me let them stop.
- Your English is better than my Spanish; I certainly wouldn't try to write a technical article in a second language, without a very strong mastery of that language. You should also find third-party articles that describe the concept; it's usually a bad idea to quote only your own work in a WIkipeida article, which is described at the Wikipedia policy Wikipedia:No original research, which I recommend you read. Perhaps this article is better started ina Spanish-language Wiki, and then later translated to English. -- Wtshymanski ( talk) 18:53, 23 July 2010 (UTC)
- Thanks for listening Wtshymanski , this is pedrazjo I am still busy but soon enough I will complete this page , please do not delete.
My first try was using google translation and I will go from there fix the sentence don't make sence and later on I will use different words for explain the same concept and actually improve this article .
Pedrazjo, Estoy interesado en leer más sobre tu trabajo. No tuve suerte buscando en español y en Inglés de las publicaciones. Póngase en contacto con Ilovepoker@gmail.com si usted me puede ayudar a encontrar más información. Gracias, Mark
I am interested in reading more about your work. I had no luck searching both in Spanish and English for the publications you cited. Please contact Ilovepoker@gmail.com if you can help me find more information. Thanks, Mark 173.59.188.104 ( talk) 17:52, 27 January 2011 (UTC)
Annealing by Short circuit
Brief history of the Annealing of the Copper wire.
Time ago,when the task of making copper wire of smooth weather (C.R.U ≈ 20 Kg/mm ²), used methods that gave result, but the manufacturers know that they were expensive,necessary,and took long time, was the only way to anneal the copper wire and to give an appropriate electrical and mechanical characteristics for use on Cables types General Use, Energy, Telephony lines.
Up to this days the faster development of science in the branch of electronics they makes this possible by using of semiconductors like Thyristors, PLCs, Integrated circuits, that enormously facilitate the task in Power control.
These advances in latest electronic have done possible to design sophisticated and efficient machines,over the diverse branches of the industry, and actually obtain excellent results within a great range for the “The Annealing of the copper wire by using a Controlled Short circuit”
Troublesome process in which it was introduced to a furnace of regulated temperatures, certain amount of copper Sinking in iron spools and leaving it to fixed beforehand conditions of temperature and time to obtain the mechanical characteristic, passing it of a C.R.U ≈ 40 Kg/mm ² to C.R.U ≈ 20 Kg/mm ² annealed, that is to say soften it and soon to process it in a later stage in stranded machines and to obtain therefore a smooth copper thread meeting besides taking step to the next process that is to form prudent and/or soft copper thread thorons, with which cables of any dimension and required typical will be able to be made.
But this method already has been update by using the continuous annealing, that is to say annealing in the same machine without needing having to stop the sinking process and to accumulate load for the annealing furnace, with which time is saved, personnel, space, nitrogen; this gas is used stops to avoid the oxidation of the thread and is necessary to break the initial emptiness to which the copper load was put.
The process consists to put in the way of exit of copper pulleys that were to Electrical Potential called step pulleys, this potential of pulleys with a section of very low resistance of the copper thread happening through them create a current of Short circuit and this as well produces the Joule effect, that is the one in charge to anneal the copper when giving temperature and to change to its electromechanical properties.
One is used to soften copper and to give electrical use him in the manufacture of electrical coductors. An increase of the conductivity in the case of copper is obtained. The annealed temperature of slightly over the 400 ºC. Quenching. Increase in the speed of production. Trustworthiness in the process. Significant reduction of the idlings in production. Clean process and probability of errors to the minimum.
Sinking copper machine it will be possible to be seen clearly that when having a section of copper between those pulley with potential in between, this will draw current by Ohm Law and the ohm resistance of the copper section and the applied tension it will force to that a current flow accros the copper, that can reach great values of temperatures and is exactly the dynamics of thermal balance, that dynamics is going to regulate the amount of heat the copper can absorb , overheating can not occur once the speed and the Voltage among the pulleys are sync. From this procedure we can can make smooth or semi-soft copper, all these thermal conditions are come off thermal balance law in this case will be Joule Effect
Final equation in steady state for the annealing of copper.
- T°C = ((KV ²)/(rpm))+t (a)
As additional data we have it temperature of expert of copper is approximately 400°C. Annealed T = Temperature of in °C.
- rpm = Angular velocity in revolutions per minute.
- t (a) = Room temperature in °C.
- V = Tension applied in Volts.
Where K is a constant that depends on the diameter of the passage pulleys in which this applied the electrical Potential, resistivity of copper, of the mechanical equivalent of the heat.
1 Calorie = 4,186 Joule.
We can say, as we know the temperature the annealing of copper ≈ 400°C and t (a) the room temperature 20°C, we will have a Parabola of the following form:
- KV² = 380.(rpm), to that we will call Parabola of Electrical Load.
Final equation that bind the Annealing Voltage of wire and the angular velocity of the pulleys of annealed and which if we introduce the diameter of the same in the equation we will have electrical stress ratio of and linear rate of copper when happening through the pulleys and that are exactly this linear rate the speed of sinking is the speed of the process. This equation can be used to consider the annealing of any other metal.
Also we can induce by simple inspection of the Parabola, that the annealing of a copper gauge will only depend on the relation between the two variables Tension versus Speed, then to manage to reduce times of production will be necessary to give to the line the maxima speed, at maximum speed it will appear according to the Parabola of electrical Load a tension that corresponds to him and that fulfills the equation.
This important equation binds the temperature of of the metal with the speed in rpm of the pulleys and the applied electrical voltage. which can be seen clearly that at greater speed, major applied tension and staying the resistance ohmic of the then constant copper section the current will be greater, is logical and in addition it is come off the simple equation of the ohmic resistance then we will say: then will say : bigger Voltage bigger current greater speed across the line.
Note: In order to know the law dependency between the speed variables and annealed tension of in transient state, it will be necessary to apply to Differential equations to the function of steady state, combining with the conditions of state in starting and shutdown of the Sinking machine,the result is an equation of exponential form.
References
- Autor = Jorge Luis Pedraz
- Títle = Thesis of Degree, Cable Manufacture and Tests of General Use and Energy.
- Year = 1994
- Pulication = UNI, Files, Peru.
- Autor = Jorge Luis Pedraz
- Títle Dynamic annealing of the Copper wire by using a Controlled Short circuit.
- Year = 1999
- Publication = Peru: Lima , CONIMERA 1999, INTERCON 99,
Speedy deletion nomination of Annealing by Short circuit
A tag has been placed on Annealing by Short circuit requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A1 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a very short article providing little or no context to the reader. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. Also please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources that verify their content. You may wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.
If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding {{
hangon}} to the top of
the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag - if no such tag exists then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hangon tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on
the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact
one of these admins to request that they
userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you.
Yousou (
talk)
20:38, 18 July 2010 (UTC)
I really must wonder why you reverted my edits on Annealing by Short circuit. Although they did remove a large portion of the article text, they kept everything required for an encyclopaedic description of the topic; though the page is far from complete, it was significantly improved from the point where it was up for deletion for being spam. It is a requirement that articles in Wikipedia have correct English spelling and grammar as well, which I took care of. It appears the text which the article keeps being replaced with (once by you) has been copied out of the browser rendering of an article on a wiki; the textual representation of the table of contents, among other things, should not appear in the article's final text. With that in mind, is there a factual error in the current revision of the article? It can be corrected by editing that version. Please do let me know on my talkpage! Additionally, why is that article text on your user page and talk page? I won't remove it for you, but it looks kind of strange. --Falcon Darkstar Momot ( talk) 10:12, 22 July 2010 (UTC).
I don't know the people at the top of this page
Well I am the author of this article, since a couple days I start work over the English version, somebody clean all my work and instead of that keep show the very, very short article with wrong ideas about it and no professional explanation, who ever do this stop and let me finish,you should no is not that easy .
I am Electric Engineer , and just in case this is an article from my Engineer degree thesis , my principal article is in spanish with the name "Recocido por cortocircuito" please if have no idea what do you write, please don't do it , for me this article will take time,at least 2 weeks I have no all the time of the world for finish , please once again if you know who is doing this to me let them stop.
- Your English is better than my Spanish; I certainly wouldn't try to write a technical article in a second language, without a very strong mastery of that language. You should also find third-party articles that describe the concept; it's usually a bad idea to quote only your own work in a WIkipeida article, which is described at the Wikipedia policy Wikipedia:No original research, which I recommend you read. Perhaps this article is better started ina Spanish-language Wiki, and then later translated to English. -- Wtshymanski ( talk) 18:53, 23 July 2010 (UTC)
- Thanks for listening Wtshymanski , this is pedrazjo I am still busy but soon enough I will complete this page , please do not delete.
My first try was using google translation and I will go from there fix the sentence don't make sence and later on I will use different words for explain the same concept and actually improve this article .
Pedrazjo, Estoy interesado en leer más sobre tu trabajo. No tuve suerte buscando en español y en Inglés de las publicaciones. Póngase en contacto con Ilovepoker@gmail.com si usted me puede ayudar a encontrar más información. Gracias, Mark
I am interested in reading more about your work. I had no luck searching both in Spanish and English for the publications you cited. Please contact Ilovepoker@gmail.com if you can help me find more information. Thanks, Mark 173.59.188.104 ( talk) 17:52, 27 January 2011 (UTC)