From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The History of the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures

The first sign that the censorship and critique of motion pictures was going to become a staple in the near future occurred in 1909. [1] The Women's Municipal League reached out to The People's Institute and introduced the idea of motion picture regulation. [2] The Women's Municipal League complained that motion pictures had become more popular than ever and that the degrading of women needed to be policed. [3] In response to the complaints, The People's Institute combined with the Motion Picture Patents Company, and the National Board of Censorship of Motion Pictures was created, later renamed as the National Board of Review in 1915. [4] The theater owners and exhibitors did not advocate this regulation because it complicated the business and cut into box-office profits, but the members of NBR believed that with proper regulation, motion pictures would become a force for education and uplift. [5] Jeffh301 ( talk) 04:03, 17 March 2016 (UTC) reply

This regime was effective until 1934, and at this point, the Motion Pictures Producers and Distributors of America formed the Production Code Administration, which then became the agency in charge of censoring the Hollywood big screen. [6] [7] The PCA was responsible for reviewing scripts and completed films and encouraging the necessary changes to be applied to those that would disturb the viewers, critics, or censorship boards. [8] The PCA changed its regulations throughout the years, so much so that it led to its demise in 1954. [9] This is when the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures is developed. Jeffh301 ( talk) 04:03, 17 March 2016 (UTC) reply

[10]

Banned Motion Pictures 1964-1980

There were many motion pictures that were banned during during the period of 1964-1980. One of the films banned during this period was From Russia With Love. From Russia With Love a 1964 film. This film is a James Bond film that is centered in stealing a top secret decoder from the British Embassy in Istanbul, Turkey. [11]This film was rated "morally offensive" [12] by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. The USCCB gave this film an O because there are some scenes that have sexual encounters, violence [13] and other content that is not recommended for anyone regardless of age. "Hurry Sundown″ is another film banned during this period. The film was made in 1967. This is a film that takes place during the 1940s and it depicts ″social, marital and racial unrest in a small Southern town...″Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). Reflections of a Golden Eye is a 1967 film banned by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops because of its lack of compassion and insight on homosexuality in the armed forces. [14] This film was rated an O because it shows content such as "exploitive nudity". [15]. This film is based on a novel about "twisted relationships and abnormal inclinations of a homosexual army officer. [16]

[USCCB 1] [USCCB 2] [USCCB 3] Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 04:21, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 14:12, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 14:52, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH reply

MPAA and their Dominance in Censorship

In 1966 Jack Valenti President of the Motion Picture Association of America emerged as the most powerful figure in the in the nation’s movie history. The MPA became the new Watchdog of Film morals undermining organizations like NCOMP itself. The bold move of launching a new rating system where youngsters 16 and below will be barred from watching movies, even when accompanied by a parent took the film industry by storm. Valenti created the system with not only the support of the industry’s producers, but the members of the National Theater Association. The system, called GMRX works like this: G- For General Audiences, M- for Adults and mature young People, R- restricted for those over 16, unless those younger are accompanied by an adult, X- Barring those under 16 whether or not they are accompanied by a parent or adult. MPA became the standardly used film rating system while organizations like NCOMP and BFC took a backseat to the censorship business.

[17] [18]

  1. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  2. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  3. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  4. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  5. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  6. ^ Greene, Jane M. (2011). "A Proper Dash of Spice: Screwball Comedy and the Production Code". Journal of Film and Video: 18.
  7. ^ Doherty, Thomas (April 2009). Hollywood's Censor: Joseph I. Breen and the Production Code Administration. Columbia University Press. p. 440. ISBN  9780231512848.
  8. ^ Greene, Jane M. (2011). "A Proper Dash of Spice: Screwball Comedy and the Production Code". Journal of Film and Video: 18.
  9. ^ Doherty, Thomas (April 2009). Hollywood's Censor: Joseph I. Breen and the Production Code Administration. Columbia University Press. p. 440. ISBN  9780231512848.
  10. ^ Leff, Leonard T.; Simmons, Jerold L. (2001). The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code. University Press of Kentucky. p. 17.
  11. ^ USCCB
  12. ^ USCCB
  13. ^ USCCB
  14. ^ USCCB
  15. ^ USCCB
  16. ^ USCCB
  17. ^ Ring, Bill (October 11, 1968). "Valenti: New Watchdog of Film Morals?" (PDF). Courier Journal. NC News Service. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  18. ^ Corliss, Richard. "What Jack Valenti Did for Hollywood". time.com. TIME Magazine. Retrieved 17 March 2016.


Cite error: There are <ref group=USCCB> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=USCCB}} template (see the help page).

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The History of the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures

The first sign that the censorship and critique of motion pictures was going to become a staple in the near future occurred in 1909. [1] The Women's Municipal League reached out to The People's Institute and introduced the idea of motion picture regulation. [2] The Women's Municipal League complained that motion pictures had become more popular than ever and that the degrading of women needed to be policed. [3] In response to the complaints, The People's Institute combined with the Motion Picture Patents Company, and the National Board of Censorship of Motion Pictures was created, later renamed as the National Board of Review in 1915. [4] The theater owners and exhibitors did not advocate this regulation because it complicated the business and cut into box-office profits, but the members of NBR believed that with proper regulation, motion pictures would become a force for education and uplift. [5] Jeffh301 ( talk) 04:03, 17 March 2016 (UTC) reply

This regime was effective until 1934, and at this point, the Motion Pictures Producers and Distributors of America formed the Production Code Administration, which then became the agency in charge of censoring the Hollywood big screen. [6] [7] The PCA was responsible for reviewing scripts and completed films and encouraging the necessary changes to be applied to those that would disturb the viewers, critics, or censorship boards. [8] The PCA changed its regulations throughout the years, so much so that it led to its demise in 1954. [9] This is when the National Catholic Office for Motion Pictures is developed. Jeffh301 ( talk) 04:03, 17 March 2016 (UTC) reply

[10]

Banned Motion Pictures 1964-1980

There were many motion pictures that were banned during during the period of 1964-1980. One of the films banned during this period was From Russia With Love. From Russia With Love a 1964 film. This film is a James Bond film that is centered in stealing a top secret decoder from the British Embassy in Istanbul, Turkey. [11]This film was rated "morally offensive" [12] by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. The USCCB gave this film an O because there are some scenes that have sexual encounters, violence [13] and other content that is not recommended for anyone regardless of age. "Hurry Sundown″ is another film banned during this period. The film was made in 1967. This is a film that takes place during the 1940s and it depicts ″social, marital and racial unrest in a small Southern town...″Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). Reflections of a Golden Eye is a 1967 film banned by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops because of its lack of compassion and insight on homosexuality in the armed forces. [14] This film was rated an O because it shows content such as "exploitive nudity". [15]. This film is based on a novel about "twisted relationships and abnormal inclinations of a homosexual army officer. [16]

[USCCB 1] [USCCB 2] [USCCB 3] Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 04:21, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 14:12, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH Nicolehaugaard ( talk) 14:52, 17 March 2016 (UTC)NH reply

MPAA and their Dominance in Censorship

In 1966 Jack Valenti President of the Motion Picture Association of America emerged as the most powerful figure in the in the nation’s movie history. The MPA became the new Watchdog of Film morals undermining organizations like NCOMP itself. The bold move of launching a new rating system where youngsters 16 and below will be barred from watching movies, even when accompanied by a parent took the film industry by storm. Valenti created the system with not only the support of the industry’s producers, but the members of the National Theater Association. The system, called GMRX works like this: G- For General Audiences, M- for Adults and mature young People, R- restricted for those over 16, unless those younger are accompanied by an adult, X- Barring those under 16 whether or not they are accompanied by a parent or adult. MPA became the standardly used film rating system while organizations like NCOMP and BFC took a backseat to the censorship business.

[17] [18]

  1. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  2. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  3. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  4. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  5. ^ Fronc, Jennifer (August 2013). "Local Public Opinion: The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures and the Fight Against Film Censorship in Virginia, 1916-1922". Journal of American Studies: 23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021875812001375. {{ cite journal}}: Check |doi= value ( help); External link in |doi= ( help)
  6. ^ Greene, Jane M. (2011). "A Proper Dash of Spice: Screwball Comedy and the Production Code". Journal of Film and Video: 18.
  7. ^ Doherty, Thomas (April 2009). Hollywood's Censor: Joseph I. Breen and the Production Code Administration. Columbia University Press. p. 440. ISBN  9780231512848.
  8. ^ Greene, Jane M. (2011). "A Proper Dash of Spice: Screwball Comedy and the Production Code". Journal of Film and Video: 18.
  9. ^ Doherty, Thomas (April 2009). Hollywood's Censor: Joseph I. Breen and the Production Code Administration. Columbia University Press. p. 440. ISBN  9780231512848.
  10. ^ Leff, Leonard T.; Simmons, Jerold L. (2001). The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code. University Press of Kentucky. p. 17.
  11. ^ USCCB
  12. ^ USCCB
  13. ^ USCCB
  14. ^ USCCB
  15. ^ USCCB
  16. ^ USCCB
  17. ^ Ring, Bill (October 11, 1968). "Valenti: New Watchdog of Film Morals?" (PDF). Courier Journal. NC News Service. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  18. ^ Corliss, Richard. "What Jack Valenti Did for Hollywood". time.com. TIME Magazine. Retrieved 17 March 2016.


Cite error: There are <ref group=USCCB> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=USCCB}} template (see the help page).


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