A- B- C- D- E- F- G- H- I- J- K- L- M- N- O- P- Q- R- S- T- U- V- W- X- Y- Z

Quick guide to finding problematic citations

Foobar Society [1] | ( search/ all) [2] | foobar.org    [3] | {{ DOI| 10.1234}} [4] | {{ ISSN| 1234-5678}} [5] ^ Link to Wikipedia article, if one exists. ^ Search mainspace/all spaces for 'Foobar Society'. Good to find citations without URLs or DOIs, but will have several false positives, especially for generic sounding publishers with short names. ^ Search for URLs with foobar.org in them. Can have some false positives if other URLs have a domain that ends with foobar.org, like jamesfoobar.org. The lock and chain symbols will make use of Special:Linksearch. ^ Search for DOI matches. Fewest false positives, but assumes there is DOI. ^ Search for ISSN matches. Few false positives, but assumes there is ISSN.

Some of the characteristics of predatory open-access publishing include:

• Unheard-of publishers with dozens of journals in unrelated areas
• Groups of journals with very similar or overlapping scope
• Journals with absurdly broad subject areas
• Journals with few published articles per issue, or few published issues
• No journal impact factor
• Use of fake "impact factors"
• Not in ISI JCR
• Not in DOAJ
• Absent from standard indexes (e.g. medical journals not indexed in PubMed)
• Cited in hoax publication tests
• Listed by Jeffrey Beall
• No DOI number
• Spammed by WP:SPAs, especially where usernames match author names
• Online reports of spam solicitation for papers

Further reading

• Ebrahimzadeh, MH (April 2016). "Validated Measures of Publication Quality: Guide for Novice Researchers to Choose an Appropriate Journal for Paper Submission". The Archives of Bone and Joint Surgery. 4 (2): 94–6. PMC  4852052. PMID  27200383.