History of antioxidants [1]

Trixylylphosphate

Project Osprey/sandbox4

Names
Other names tris(dimethylphenyl) phosphate Tri-dimethyl phenyl phosphate Tri-xylenyl phosphate
Identifiers
CAS Number	25155-23-1
EC Number	246-677-8
Properties
Chemical formula	C24H27O4P
Molar mass	410.450 g·mol−1
Appearance	Viscous liquid
Density	1.142
Melting point	−20 °C (−4 °F; 253 K)
Boiling point	394 °C (741 °F; 667 K)
Solubility in water	20 µg/L
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H360F
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Trixylyl phosphate (TXP) is an aromatic phosphate ester historically used as a hydraulic fluid.

Chirality

Molecular symmetry elements

Rotational axis (Cn)	Improper rotational elements (Sn)
	Chiral no Sn	Achiral mirror plane S1 = σ	Achiral inversion centre S2 = i
C1
C2

Uric

Tautomers of uric acid

Lactam form		Lactim form

Tautomers of uric acid

			pKa1
Lactam form		Lactim form		Urate ion

Thermosets example table

• Polyester resin

• Polyurethanes
• Polyurea/ polyurethane

• Vulcanized rubber.

formaldehyde base

• Bakelite, a phenol- formaldehyde
• Urea-formaldehyde
• Melamine resin
• Benzoxazines, formed by the reaction of phenols, formaldehyde and primary amines
• Duroplast

• Diallyl-phthalate (DAP)
• Epoxy resin
• Epoxy novolac resins

• Polyimides and Bismaleimides
• Cyanate esters or polycyanurates
• Furan resins
• Silicone resins
• Thiolyte,
• Vinyl ester resins used for wet lay-up laminating, molding and fast setting industrial protection and repair materials.

• Polyester resin fiberglass systems: sheet molding compounds and bulk molding compounds; filament winding; wet lay-up lamination; repair compounds and protective coatings.
• Polyurethanes: insulating foams, mattresses, coatings, adhesives, car parts, print rollers, shoe soles, flooring, synthetic fibers, etc. Polyurethane polymers are formed by combining two bi- or higher functional monomers/oligomers.
• Polyurea/ polyurethane hybrids used for abrasion resistant waterproofing coatings.
• Vulcanized rubber.
• Bakelite, a phenol- formaldehyde resin used in electrical insulators and plasticware.
• Duroplast, light but strong material, similar to Bakelite used for making car parts.
• Urea-formaldehyde foam used in plywood, particleboard and medium-density fiberboard.
• Melamine resin used on worktop surfaces. ^[1]
• Diallyl-phthalate (DAP) used in high temperature and mil-spec electrical connectors and other components. Usually glass filled.
• Epoxy resin ^[2] used as the matrix component in many fiber reinforced plastics such as glass-reinforced plastic and graphite-reinforced plastic; casting; electronics encapsulation; construction; protective coatings; adhesives; sealing and joining.
• Epoxy novolac resins used for printed circuit boards, electrical encapsulation, adhesives and coatings for metal.
• Benzoxazines, used alone or hybridised with epoxy and phenolic resins, for structural prepregs, liquid molding and film adhesives for composite construction, bonding and repair.
• Polyimides and Bismaleimides used in printed circuit boards and in body parts of modern aircraft, aerospace composite structures, as a coating material and for glass reinforced pipes.
• Cyanate esters or polycyanurates for electronics applications with need for dielectric properties and high glass temperature requirements in aerospace structural composite components.
• Mold or mold runners (the black plastic part in integrated circuits or semiconductors).
• Furan resins used in the manufacture of sustainable biocomposite construction, ^[3] cements, adhesives, coatings and casting/foundry resins.
• Silicone resins used for thermoset polymer matrix composites and as ceramic matrix composite precursors.
• Thiolyte, an electrical insulating thermoset phenolic laminate material.
• Vinyl ester resins used for wet lay-up laminating, molding and fast setting industrial protection and repair materials.

table

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. Polymer Production (Mt) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) 64 High-density polyethylene (HDPE) 52 polypropylene (PP) 68 Polystyrene (PS) 25 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 38 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 33 Polyurethane (PUR) 27 PP&A Fibers [4] 59 All Others 16 Additives 25 Total 407

Global plastic production by polymer type (2015) ^[5]