I'm about to retitle section 8 as "Policies, politics and finance" and add subsection 8.4 "Finance". My draft of subsection 8.4 includes the following: (for detailed references, see the draft)
Here is the draft for the new subsection 8.4:
By the end of 2021, investors were expressing a preference for businesses that act to reduce CO2 and methane pollution. [1] Improved ways of handling computer data were beginning to help identify "climate responsible" businesses, governments and other organizations. [2]
The concept of Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) provided businesses with a way to commit to sustainable practices. [3] Many mutual funds, index funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have specialized to invest in ESG businesses. [4] In May of 2022 the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) expressed concern that exaggerated or false claims about ESG practices (an example of greenwashing) could be misleading investors. [5]
In addition to conventional forms of financing, carbon credits have provided a unique but sometimes abused way to direct investments into carbon reduction projects. [6]
It’s been difficult to forecast future allocation of investment between non-sustainable and sustainable energy sources. By 2021 oil and gas companies needed to develop new policies and strategies in the face of an uncertain future for fossil fuel use. [7] As of mid-2022 the transition away from fossil fuels was expected to be bumpy, complicated by the Russo-Ukrainian War. [8] [9] Climate action advocates expressed concern that large banks continued to fund expansion of oil, gas and coal. [10]
By autumn 2020, as measured in US dollars, institutional investors managing $14 trillion worth of assets worldwide had committed to sell some or all of their fossil fuel holdings. [11] The Global Sustainable Investment Alliance reported that as of December 31 2019 the equivalent of $35 trillion US dollars were invested in sustainable assets within the 5 major economies of the United States, Europe, Japan, Canada and Australasia. [12]
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timestamp mismatch; 16 June 2022 suggested (
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I'm about to retitle section 8 as "Policies, politics and finance" and add subsection 8.4 "Finance". My draft of subsection 8.4 includes the following: (for detailed references, see the draft)
Here is the draft for the new subsection 8.4:
By the end of 2021, investors were expressing a preference for businesses that act to reduce CO2 and methane pollution. [1] Improved ways of handling computer data were beginning to help identify "climate responsible" businesses, governments and other organizations. [2]
The concept of Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) provided businesses with a way to commit to sustainable practices. [3] Many mutual funds, index funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have specialized to invest in ESG businesses. [4] In May of 2022 the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) expressed concern that exaggerated or false claims about ESG practices (an example of greenwashing) could be misleading investors. [5]
In addition to conventional forms of financing, carbon credits have provided a unique but sometimes abused way to direct investments into carbon reduction projects. [6]
It’s been difficult to forecast future allocation of investment between non-sustainable and sustainable energy sources. By 2021 oil and gas companies needed to develop new policies and strategies in the face of an uncertain future for fossil fuel use. [7] As of mid-2022 the transition away from fossil fuels was expected to be bumpy, complicated by the Russo-Ukrainian War. [8] [9] Climate action advocates expressed concern that large banks continued to fund expansion of oil, gas and coal. [10]
By autumn 2020, as measured in US dollars, institutional investors managing $14 trillion worth of assets worldwide had committed to sell some or all of their fossil fuel holdings. [11] The Global Sustainable Investment Alliance reported that as of December 31 2019 the equivalent of $35 trillion US dollars were invested in sustainable assets within the 5 major economies of the United States, Europe, Japan, Canada and Australasia. [12]
{{
cite journal}}
: |archive-date=
/ |archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; 16 June 2022 suggested (
help)
{{
cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (
link)