By October 1986 all heavy army and national guard divisions, including the 1st Cavalry Division, had transitioned to the
Army of Excellence J-series
TOE.[28] Thus the division's tank battalions fielded 58
M1A1 Abrams tanks, 6
M3 Bradley cavalry fighting vehicles and 6
M106A2 mortar carriers.[29] The two tank battalions of the 155th Armored Brigade were also equipped with M1A1 Abrams tanks.[30] The division's and 155th brigade's mechanized battalions fielded 54
M2 Bradleyinfantry fighting vehicles, 12
M901 ITV anti-tank vehicles, 6 M3 Bradley cavalry fighting vehicles, 6 M106A2 mortar carriers.[31][32][33]
The authorized strength for an armored J-Series division was 17,027 men[34], 348
M1A1 Abramsmain battle tanks, 316 cavalry/infantry fighting vehicles, 72
M109 155mm self-propelled howitzers, 9
M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems, 12
M110 203mm self-propelled howitzers (transferred in 1986 to field artillery brigades at corps level)[35][36], 50 to 44 attack helicopters (50 for an all
AH-1S Cobra combat aviation brigade, 44 for an all AH-64 Apache combat aviation brigade), 38 to 28 utility helicopters (38 if the Assault Aviation Company was equipped with
UH-1H Iroquois helicopters, 28 if the Assault Aviation Company was equipped with
UH-60A Black Hawk helicopters; in the first case 2 were assigned to the aviation intermediate maintenance company as reserve), and 54
OH-58 Kiowa observation helicopters (4 assigned to divisional Aviation Office).[37] The divisional air defense artillery battalion was to be equipped with 18
MIM-72 Chaparral and 36
M247 Sergeant York (DIVAD) systems[37], but with the cancelation of the York air defense battalions retained a mix of
MIM-72 Chaparral,
M163 Vulcan and
FIM-92 Stinger systems, until the
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger could be fielded, with the 1st Cavalry Division's 4th Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery receiving the first systems in 1989.[22]
On 29 January 1990 it was announced that the 2nd Armored Division would inactivate, and that the division's 2nd Brigade would inactivate within 30 September of that year.[71][72] The first unit to inactivate was the 1st Battalion, 66th Armor on 15 June 1990[73][74], followed by the 2nd Battalion, 41st Infantry and the 2nd Brigade Headquarters and Headquarters Company, whose inactivation became effective 8 August 1990, and official 15 September 1990.[75][76] Before the inactivation of the 2nd Battalion, 41st Infantry the 3rd Battalion, 41st Infantry had been transferred from the 2nd Brigade to the 1st Brigade. The 3rd Battalion, 41st Infantry trained with the 1st Brigade's units - 1-67 Armor, 3-67 Armor, 1-3 Field Artillery, 502nd Support Battalion, and Company A, 17th Engineer Battalion - for the first time from 30 July to 11 August 1990.[63]
Stinger Team, Battery A, 2nd Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery[77]
The last units to inactivate in 1990 were the 3rd Battalion, 3rd Field Artillery[53], 48th Support Battalion and Company B, 17th Engineer Battalion. Originally scheduled to inactivate on 15 September 1990, respectively Company B on 20 September, the inactivation was delayed until 15 November 1990 as the equipment turn-in facilities were busy supporting the deployment of units to
Operation Desert Shield.[61]
On 15 February 1991 Company E, 3rd Aviation was inactivated[78], followed on 15 March 1991 by Company D, 3rd Aviation.[79]
Upon 1st Brigade's return from
Operation Desert Storm the division and most of its remaining subordinate units were inactivated in a ceremony on 20 May 1991.[80] The units that were inactivated on 20 May 1991 were:
The 1st Brigade was also inactivated on 20 May 1991[81][80] and re-activated the following day as as 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division[82][83], with the following units:[80]
After the inactivation the flag of the 2nd Armored Division was transferred to the 2nd Armored Division (Forward) in Germany.[80] The fate of the remaining units of the division was as follows:
2nd Armored Division Band - last performance 9 August 1991[84]
1st Battalion, 3rd Aviation - 9 August 1991 passed its colors to the 2nd Battalion, 3rd Aviation[84], relieved 14 August 1991 from assignment to the 2nd Armored Division[85], inactivated 15 August 1991 at
Fort Campbell[85], reactivated 16 August 1991 as 2nd Battalion, 101st Aviation[84][86]
124th Support Battalion - assigned to 13th Corps Support Command, inactivated September 1991[62]
502nd Military Police Company - inactivated in summer 1991
Battery C, 26th Field Artillery - inactivated in summer 1991[87]
44th Chemical Company - inactivated in summer 1991[88]
142nd Signal Battalion - assigned to 3rd Signal Brigade, inactivated 11 September 1991[89]
47th Medical Supply and Optical Maintenance Battalion[113]
3rd Platoon, 507th Medical Company (Air Ambulance)[113]
References
^Army - The Magazine of Landpower - October 1989.
"Command and Staff". Association of the US Army. Retrieved 26 June 2020.{{
cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 361–362. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. pp. 212–217.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. pp. 176–181.
^
abcdef"National guardsmen accept Bradleys". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 11, Ed. 1: C2. 7 August 1986. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)Cite error: The named reference "standings" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
help page).
^
abUnited States Congress - House Committee on Armed Services (1987).
"Where Bradleys are now". Defense Department Authorization and Oversight: Hearings on H.R. 4428: 33. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. p. 152.
^Jospeh DeCaro, 2nd Armd Div Correspondent (22 March 1990).
"2-41 soldier professes unit award systems". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 41, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Crosbie E. Saint, III Corps Lieutenant General Commanding (28 August 1986).
"CG welcomes new battalions". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 14, Ed. 1: C-12. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)
^
abChris Ianieri, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (19 November 1987).
"CARTS held by 2nd 'St Lo' Brigade". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 46, No. 26, Ed. 1: B-2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abcChris Ianieri, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (19 March 1987).
"2nd 'St Lo' Brigade - Mojave Desert awaits". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 42, Ed. 1: D1. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abJames H. Coke Jr., 4th Public Affairs Detachment (12 July 1990).
"4-41 Inf Regt holds battalion review". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 6, Ed. 1: C1. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abJames H. Coke Jr., 4th Public Affairs Detachment (16 August 1990).
"CALFEX challenges 1st 'Tiger' Bde". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 4, Ed. 1: C1. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 270–271. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Jimmie Ferguson, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (22 March 1990).
"522 MI hails new commander". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 41, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 405–406. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Jimmie Ferguson, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (9 August 1990).
"1-66 colors retrieved, Draper Award presented". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 3, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abcJoseph DeCaro, III Corps Public Affairs (22 August 1991).
"Sister Bns pass colors". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 51, No. 4, Ed. 1: A2. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)
^Windy Pepin, 3rd Sig Bde Public Affairs (19 September 1991).
"Last 2nd Armd Div unit inactivates". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 51, No. 7, Ed. 1: A3. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 271–273. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 280–282. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 283–285. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^
abcPamela V. Keeton, 31st ADA Bde Public Affairs (29 March 1990).
"31st ADA Brigade two years old". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 42, Ed. 1: C-10. Retrieved 7 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 160–161. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 263–264. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 182, 239–240. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 267–268. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 313–314. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 338–340. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^
abcdefghijklmnMajor Michael H. Bryan, Public Affairs Officer 13th Corps Support Command (August 1991).
"13th Corps Support Command". Ordnance. PB-9-91-3: 32–33. Retrieved 14 June 2020.{{
cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link) |accessdate=7 July 2020}}
^
abcdefghiTodd Kleismit, 13th COSCOM Public Affairs (4 January 1990).
"Nineties provide time to look back". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 30, Ed. 1: B-4-5. Retrieved 7 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
By October 1986 all heavy army and national guard divisions, including the 1st Cavalry Division, had transitioned to the
Army of Excellence J-series
TOE.[28] Thus the division's tank battalions fielded 58
M1A1 Abrams tanks, 6
M3 Bradley cavalry fighting vehicles and 6
M106A2 mortar carriers.[29] The two tank battalions of the 155th Armored Brigade were also equipped with M1A1 Abrams tanks.[30] The division's and 155th brigade's mechanized battalions fielded 54
M2 Bradleyinfantry fighting vehicles, 12
M901 ITV anti-tank vehicles, 6 M3 Bradley cavalry fighting vehicles, 6 M106A2 mortar carriers.[31][32][33]
The authorized strength for an armored J-Series division was 17,027 men[34], 348
M1A1 Abramsmain battle tanks, 316 cavalry/infantry fighting vehicles, 72
M109 155mm self-propelled howitzers, 9
M270 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems, 12
M110 203mm self-propelled howitzers (transferred in 1986 to field artillery brigades at corps level)[35][36], 50 to 44 attack helicopters (50 for an all
AH-1S Cobra combat aviation brigade, 44 for an all AH-64 Apache combat aviation brigade), 38 to 28 utility helicopters (38 if the Assault Aviation Company was equipped with
UH-1H Iroquois helicopters, 28 if the Assault Aviation Company was equipped with
UH-60A Black Hawk helicopters; in the first case 2 were assigned to the aviation intermediate maintenance company as reserve), and 54
OH-58 Kiowa observation helicopters (4 assigned to divisional Aviation Office).[37] The divisional air defense artillery battalion was to be equipped with 18
MIM-72 Chaparral and 36
M247 Sergeant York (DIVAD) systems[37], but with the cancelation of the York air defense battalions retained a mix of
MIM-72 Chaparral,
M163 Vulcan and
FIM-92 Stinger systems, until the
AN/TWQ-1 Avenger could be fielded, with the 1st Cavalry Division's 4th Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery receiving the first systems in 1989.[22]
On 29 January 1990 it was announced that the 2nd Armored Division would inactivate, and that the division's 2nd Brigade would inactivate within 30 September of that year.[71][72] The first unit to inactivate was the 1st Battalion, 66th Armor on 15 June 1990[73][74], followed by the 2nd Battalion, 41st Infantry and the 2nd Brigade Headquarters and Headquarters Company, whose inactivation became effective 8 August 1990, and official 15 September 1990.[75][76] Before the inactivation of the 2nd Battalion, 41st Infantry the 3rd Battalion, 41st Infantry had been transferred from the 2nd Brigade to the 1st Brigade. The 3rd Battalion, 41st Infantry trained with the 1st Brigade's units - 1-67 Armor, 3-67 Armor, 1-3 Field Artillery, 502nd Support Battalion, and Company A, 17th Engineer Battalion - for the first time from 30 July to 11 August 1990.[63]
Stinger Team, Battery A, 2nd Battalion, 5th Air Defense Artillery[77]
The last units to inactivate in 1990 were the 3rd Battalion, 3rd Field Artillery[53], 48th Support Battalion and Company B, 17th Engineer Battalion. Originally scheduled to inactivate on 15 September 1990, respectively Company B on 20 September, the inactivation was delayed until 15 November 1990 as the equipment turn-in facilities were busy supporting the deployment of units to
Operation Desert Shield.[61]
On 15 February 1991 Company E, 3rd Aviation was inactivated[78], followed on 15 March 1991 by Company D, 3rd Aviation.[79]
Upon 1st Brigade's return from
Operation Desert Storm the division and most of its remaining subordinate units were inactivated in a ceremony on 20 May 1991.[80] The units that were inactivated on 20 May 1991 were:
The 1st Brigade was also inactivated on 20 May 1991[81][80] and re-activated the following day as as 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division[82][83], with the following units:[80]
After the inactivation the flag of the 2nd Armored Division was transferred to the 2nd Armored Division (Forward) in Germany.[80] The fate of the remaining units of the division was as follows:
2nd Armored Division Band - last performance 9 August 1991[84]
1st Battalion, 3rd Aviation - 9 August 1991 passed its colors to the 2nd Battalion, 3rd Aviation[84], relieved 14 August 1991 from assignment to the 2nd Armored Division[85], inactivated 15 August 1991 at
Fort Campbell[85], reactivated 16 August 1991 as 2nd Battalion, 101st Aviation[84][86]
124th Support Battalion - assigned to 13th Corps Support Command, inactivated September 1991[62]
502nd Military Police Company - inactivated in summer 1991
Battery C, 26th Field Artillery - inactivated in summer 1991[87]
44th Chemical Company - inactivated in summer 1991[88]
142nd Signal Battalion - assigned to 3rd Signal Brigade, inactivated 11 September 1991[89]
47th Medical Supply and Optical Maintenance Battalion[113]
3rd Platoon, 507th Medical Company (Air Ambulance)[113]
References
^Army - The Magazine of Landpower - October 1989.
"Command and Staff". Association of the US Army. Retrieved 26 June 2020.{{
cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 361–362. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. pp. 212–217.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. pp. 176–181.
^
abcdef"National guardsmen accept Bradleys". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 11, Ed. 1: C2. 7 August 1986. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)Cite error: The named reference "standings" was defined multiple times with different content (see the
help page).
^
abUnited States Congress - House Committee on Armed Services (1987).
"Where Bradleys are now". Defense Department Authorization and Oversight: Hearings on H.R. 4428: 33. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
^FM 101-10-1/1 - Staff Officers' Field Manual - Organizational, Technical, and Logistical Data. Washington DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army. 7 October 1987. p. 152.
^Jospeh DeCaro, 2nd Armd Div Correspondent (22 March 1990).
"2-41 soldier professes unit award systems". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 41, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Crosbie E. Saint, III Corps Lieutenant General Commanding (28 August 1986).
"CG welcomes new battalions". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 14, Ed. 1: C-12. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)
^
abChris Ianieri, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (19 November 1987).
"CARTS held by 2nd 'St Lo' Brigade". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 46, No. 26, Ed. 1: B-2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abcChris Ianieri, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (19 March 1987).
"2nd 'St Lo' Brigade - Mojave Desert awaits". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 45, No. 42, Ed. 1: D1. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abJames H. Coke Jr., 4th Public Affairs Detachment (12 July 1990).
"4-41 Inf Regt holds battalion review". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 6, Ed. 1: C1. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abJames H. Coke Jr., 4th Public Affairs Detachment (16 August 1990).
"CALFEX challenges 1st 'Tiger' Bde". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 4, Ed. 1: C1. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 270–271. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Jimmie Ferguson, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (22 March 1990).
"522 MI hails new commander". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 41, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 8 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 405–406. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Jimmie Ferguson, 2nd Armd Div Public Affairs (9 August 1990).
"1-66 colors retrieved, Draper Award presented". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 50, No. 3, Ed. 1: C2. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^
abcJoseph DeCaro, III Corps Public Affairs (22 August 1991).
"Sister Bns pass colors". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 51, No. 4, Ed. 1: A2. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)
^Windy Pepin, 3rd Sig Bde Public Affairs (19 September 1991).
"Last 2nd Armd Div unit inactivates". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 51, No. 7, Ed. 1: A3. Retrieved 10 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 271–273. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 280–282. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 283–285. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^
abcPamela V. Keeton, 31st ADA Bde Public Affairs (29 March 1990).
"31st ADA Brigade two years old". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 42, Ed. 1: C-10. Retrieved 7 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 160–161. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^Rebecca Robbins Raines (2005).
Signal Corps(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 263–264. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 182, 239–240. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 267–268. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 313–314. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^John Patrick Finnegan, Romana Danysh (1998).
Military Intelligence(PDF). Washington DC: US Army Center of Military History. pp. 338–340. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
^
abcdefghijklmnMajor Michael H. Bryan, Public Affairs Officer 13th Corps Support Command (August 1991).
"13th Corps Support Command". Ordnance. PB-9-91-3: 32–33. Retrieved 14 June 2020.{{
cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link) |accessdate=7 July 2020}}
^
abcdefghiTodd Kleismit, 13th COSCOM Public Affairs (4 January 1990).
"Nineties provide time to look back". The Fort Hood Sentinel. Vol. 49, No. 30, Ed. 1: B-4-5. Retrieved 7 July 2020. {{
cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (
help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)