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Centre-right
Centre-left
M5S
N. | Portrait | President | Term of office | Tenure (Years and days) |
Party | Composition | Legislature | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18 |
![]() |
Federico Palomba (1937– ) |
5 August 1994 |
9 August 1999 |
5 years, 4 days | Democratic Party of the Left | PDS– PRC– FD |
XI (1994) | |
19 |
![]() |
Mauro Pili (1966– ) |
9 August 1999 |
18 October 1999 |
70 days | Forza Italia | FI– AN– RS– CCD |
XII (1999) | |
20 |
![]() |
Gian Mario Selis (1944– ) |
18 October 1999 |
16 November 1999 |
29 days | Italian People's Party | PDS– PPI– FD– Dem– SDI– PRC | ||
(16) |
![]() |
Mario Floris (1937– ) |
16 November 1999 |
25 October 2001 |
1 year, 343 days | Democratic Union for the Republic | PDS– DL– UDR– FD– Dem– SDI– PRC | ||
(19) |
![]() |
Mauro Pili (1966– ) |
25 October 2001 |
28 August 2003 |
1 year, 307 days | Forza Italia | FI– AN– RS– CCD | ||
21 | Italo Masala (1937– ) |
28 August 2003 |
26 June 2004 |
303 days | National Alliance | ||||
22 |
![]() |
Renato Soru (1957– ) |
26 June 2004 |
27 February 2009 |
4 years, 246 days |
Democrats of the Left / Democratic Party |
PD– PS– PRC– SDI– UDEUR– PdCI– IdV |
XIII (2004) | |
23 |
![]() |
Ugo Cappellacci (1960– ) |
27 February 2009 |
12 March 2014 |
5 years, 13 days |
The People of Freedom / Forza Italia |
PdL– UDC– RS– PSdAz |
XIV (2009) | |
24 |
![]() |
Francesco Pigliaru (1954– ) |
12 March 2014 |
20 March 2019 |
5 years, 8 days | Democratic Party | PD– SEL– CD |
XV (2014) | |
25 |
![]() |
Christian Solinas (1976– ) |
20 March 2019 |
Incumbent | 5 years, 116 days | Sardinian Action Party | Lega– PSdAz– FI– RS– FdI– UDC |
XVI (2019) |
Portrait | Name (Born–Died) |
Term of office | Party | Government | Ref. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||||
Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce | |||||||||
![]() |
Giuseppe Natoli (1815–1867) |
23 March 1861 | 12 June 1861 | 81 days | Historical Right | Cavour IV | [1] | ||
![]() |
Filippo Cordova (1811–1868) |
12 June 1861 | 3 March 1862 | 264 days | Historical Right | Ricasoli I | [2] | ||
![]() |
Gioacchino Napoleone Pepoli (1823–1881) |
3 March 1862 | 8 December 1862 | 280 days | Historical Right | Rattazzi I | [3] |
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Giuseppe Pasolini
(1815–1876)
|8 December 1862
|24 March 1863
| 106 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Farini
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|24 March 1863
|28 September 1864
| 1 year, 188 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Minghetti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora
(1804–1878)
As Prime Minister
|28 September 1864
|20 June 1866
| 1 year, 265 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
La Marmora II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Bettino Ricasoli
(1809–1880)
As Prime Minister
|20 June 1866
|28 June 1866
| 8 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Ricasoli II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|28 June 1866
|10 April 1867
| 286 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Federico Pescetto
(1817–1882)
|10 April 1867
|12 April 1867
| 2 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Rattazzi II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pompeo Di Campello
(1803–1884)
|12 April 1867
|27 October 1867
| 198 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Federico Menabrea
(1809–1896)
As Prime Minister
|27 October 1867
|14 December 1869
| 2 years, 48 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Menabrea I·
II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|14 December 1869
|20 November 1876
| 6 years, 342 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Lanza
Minghetti II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Amedeo Melegari
(1805–1881)
|20 November 1876
|28 December 1877
| 1 year, 38 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|28 December 1877
|24 March 1878
| 86 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Corti
(1823–1888)
|24 March 1878
|24 October 1878
| 214 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Cairoli I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister
|24 October 1878
|19 December 1878
| 56 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|19 December 1878
|14 July 1879
| 207 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister
|14 July 1879
|29 May 1881
| 1 year, 319 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Cairoli II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pasquale Stanislao Mancini
(1817–1888)
|29 May 1881
|29 June 1885
| 4 years, 31 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis IV·
V·
VI
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|29 June 1885
|6 October 1885
| 99 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis VII
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Felice Nicolis,
Count of Robilant
(1826–1887)
|6 October 1885
|4 April 1887
| 1 year, 180 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|4 April 1887
|29 July 1887
| 116 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis VIII
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Crispi
(1819–1901)
As Prime Minister
|29 July 1887
|6 February 1891
| 3 years, 192 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Crispi I·
II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Starabba di Rudinì
(1839–1908)
As Prime Minister
|6 February 1891
|15 May 1892
| 1 year, 99 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Brin
(1833–1898)
|15 May 1892
|15 December 1893
| 1 year, 214 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Giolitti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alberto Blanc
(1835–1904)
|15 December 1893
|10 March 1896
| 2 years, 86 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Crispi III·
IV
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Onorato Caetani
(1842–1917)
|10 March 1896
|11 July 1896
| 123 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|11 July 1896
|1 June 1898
| 1 year, 325 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì III·
IV
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Raffaele Cappelli
(1848–1921)
|1 June 1898
|29 June 1898
| 28 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì V
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Felice Napoleone Canevaro
(1838–1926)
|29 June 1898
|14 May 1899
| 319 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Pelloux I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|14 May 1899
|15 February 1901
|1 year, 277 days
!style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Pelloux II
Saracco
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Giulio Prinetti
(1851–1908)
|15 February 1901
|9 February 1903
| 1 year, 359 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Zanardelli
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Enrico Morin
(1841–1910)
|9 February 1903
|3 September 1903
| 206 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|3 September 1903
|27 March 1905
|1 year, 205 days
!style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Giolitti II
Tittoni
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alessandro Fortis
(1842–1909)
As Prime Minister
|27 March 1905
|24 December 1905
| 272 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Fortis I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914)
|24 December 1905
|8 February 1906
| 46 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Fortis II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915)
|8 February 1906
|29 May 1906
| 110 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Sonnino I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|29 May 1906
|10 December 1909
| 3 years, 195 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Giolitti III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915)
|11 December 1909
|31 March 1910
| 110 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Sonnino II
|
|- style="height:5em;"
! rowspan=2|
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" rowspan=2|
Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914)
|rowspan=2|31 March 1910
|rowspan=2|17 October 1914
|rowspan=2|4 years, 210 days
!rowspan=2 style="background:#0047AB;" |
|rowspan=2|
Historical Right /
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Luzzatti
|rowspan=2|
|- style="height:5em;"
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Giolitti IV
Salandra I
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Salandra
(1853–1931)
As Prime Minister
|17 October 1914
|31 October 1914
|14 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Salandra I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Sidney Sonnino
(1847–1922)
|31 October 1914
|23 June 1919
|4 years, 235 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Salandra III
Boselli
Orlando
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|23 June 1919
|26 June 1919
|3 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Nitti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Nitti
(1868–1953)
As Prime Minister
|26 June 1919
|26 September 1919
|92 days
! style="background:#00542E;" |
|
Italian Radical Party
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Vittorio Scialoja
(1856–1933)
|26 September 1919
|15 June 1920
|263 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Nitti I·
II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Sforza
(1872–1952)
|15 June 1920
|4 July 1921
|1 year, 19 days
! style="background:Gold;" |
|
Democratic Liberal Party
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Giolitti V
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pietro Tomasi della Torretta
(1873–1962)
|4 July 1921
|22 February 1922
|233 days
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" |
|
Independent
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Bonomi I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Schanzer
(1865–1953)
|26 February 1922
|31 October 1922
|251 days
! style="background:Gold;" |
|
Democratic Liberal Party
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Facta I·
II
|
|-
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2008 | 12,434,260 | 33.2 | 217 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
11,052,577 | 33.7 | 118 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Walter Veltroni |
2013 | 8,934,009 | 25.4 | 297 / 630
|
![]() 80 |
![]() |
8,400,255 | 27.4 | 112 / 315
|
![]() 6 |
![]() |
Pier Luigi Bersani |
2018 | 6,161,896 | 18.8 | 112 / 630
|
![]() 185 |
![]() |
5,783,360 | 19.1 | 54 / 315
|
![]() 58 |
![]() |
Matteo Renzi |
2022 | 5,356,180 | 19.1 | 69 / 400
|
![]() 43 |
![]() |
5,226,732 | 19.0 | 40 / 200
|
![]() 13 |
![]() |
Enrico Letta |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2013 | 666,035 | 1.9 | 9 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
590,083 | 1.9 | 0 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Giorgia Meloni |
2018 | 7,302,517 | 4.4 | 32 / 630
|
![]() 23 |
![]() |
1,286,606 | 4.3 | 18 / 315
|
![]() 18 |
![]() | |
2022 | 7,302,517 | 26.0 | 119 / 400
|
![]() 87 |
![]() |
7,167,136 | 26.0 | 65 / 200
|
![]() 47 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2013 | 8,691,406 | 25.6 | 109 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
7,285,850 | 23.8 | 54 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Beppe Grillo |
2018 | 10,732,066 | 32.7 | 227 / 630
|
![]() 119 |
![]() |
9,733,928 | 32.2 | 112 / 315
|
![]() 58 |
![]() |
Luigi Di Maio |
2022 | 4,333,972 | 15.4 | 52 / 400
|
![]() 175 |
![]() |
4,285,894 | 15.6 | 28 / 200
|
![]() 85 |
![]() |
Giuseppe Conte |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2018 | 5,698,687 | 17.4 | 124 / 630
|
![]() 104 |
![]() |
5,321,537 | 17.6 | 58 / 315
|
![]() 40 |
![]() |
Matteo Salvini |
2022 | 2,464,005 | 8.8 | 66 / 400
|
![]() 59 |
![]() |
2,439,200 | 8.9 | 30 / 200
|
![]() 28 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2018 | 4,596,956 | 14.0 | 106 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
4,358,004 | 14.4 | 58 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Silvio Berlusconi |
2022 | 2,278,217 | 8.1 | 45 / 400
|
![]() 61 |
![]() |
2,279,802 | 8.3 | 18 / 200
|
![]() 40 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2022 | 2,186,669 | 7.8 | 21 / 400
|
– | ![]() |
2,132,310 | 7.7 | 9 / 200
|
– | ![]() |
Carlo Calenda |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2022 | 1,071,663 | 3.6 | 12 / 400
|
– | ![]() |
972,316 | 3.5 | 4 / 200
|
– | ![]() |
Angelo Bonelli |
Bologna, Italy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Climate chart ( explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Copied content from [[<page name>]]; see that page's history for attribution
Centre-right
Centre-left
M5S
N. | Portrait | President | Term of office | Tenure (Years and days) |
Party | Composition | Legislature | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18 |
![]() |
Federico Palomba (1937– ) |
5 August 1994 |
9 August 1999 |
5 years, 4 days | Democratic Party of the Left | PDS– PRC– FD |
XI (1994) | |
19 |
![]() |
Mauro Pili (1966– ) |
9 August 1999 |
18 October 1999 |
70 days | Forza Italia | FI– AN– RS– CCD |
XII (1999) | |
20 |
![]() |
Gian Mario Selis (1944– ) |
18 October 1999 |
16 November 1999 |
29 days | Italian People's Party | PDS– PPI– FD– Dem– SDI– PRC | ||
(16) |
![]() |
Mario Floris (1937– ) |
16 November 1999 |
25 October 2001 |
1 year, 343 days | Democratic Union for the Republic | PDS– DL– UDR– FD– Dem– SDI– PRC | ||
(19) |
![]() |
Mauro Pili (1966– ) |
25 October 2001 |
28 August 2003 |
1 year, 307 days | Forza Italia | FI– AN– RS– CCD | ||
21 | Italo Masala (1937– ) |
28 August 2003 |
26 June 2004 |
303 days | National Alliance | ||||
22 |
![]() |
Renato Soru (1957– ) |
26 June 2004 |
27 February 2009 |
4 years, 246 days |
Democrats of the Left / Democratic Party |
PD– PS– PRC– SDI– UDEUR– PdCI– IdV |
XIII (2004) | |
23 |
![]() |
Ugo Cappellacci (1960– ) |
27 February 2009 |
12 March 2014 |
5 years, 13 days |
The People of Freedom / Forza Italia |
PdL– UDC– RS– PSdAz |
XIV (2009) | |
24 |
![]() |
Francesco Pigliaru (1954– ) |
12 March 2014 |
20 March 2019 |
5 years, 8 days | Democratic Party | PD– SEL– CD |
XV (2014) | |
25 |
![]() |
Christian Solinas (1976– ) |
20 March 2019 |
Incumbent | 5 years, 116 days | Sardinian Action Party | Lega– PSdAz– FI– RS– FdI– UDC |
XVI (2019) |
Portrait | Name (Born–Died) |
Term of office | Party | Government | Ref. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||||
Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce | |||||||||
![]() |
Giuseppe Natoli (1815–1867) |
23 March 1861 | 12 June 1861 | 81 days | Historical Right | Cavour IV | [1] | ||
![]() |
Filippo Cordova (1811–1868) |
12 June 1861 | 3 March 1862 | 264 days | Historical Right | Ricasoli I | [2] | ||
![]() |
Gioacchino Napoleone Pepoli (1823–1881) |
3 March 1862 | 8 December 1862 | 280 days | Historical Right | Rattazzi I | [3] |
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Giuseppe Pasolini
(1815–1876)
|8 December 1862
|24 March 1863
| 106 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Farini
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|24 March 1863
|28 September 1864
| 1 year, 188 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Minghetti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora
(1804–1878)
As Prime Minister
|28 September 1864
|20 June 1866
| 1 year, 265 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
La Marmora II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Bettino Ricasoli
(1809–1880)
As Prime Minister
|20 June 1866
|28 June 1866
| 8 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Ricasoli II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|28 June 1866
|10 April 1867
| 286 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |Federico Pescetto
(1817–1882)
|10 April 1867
|12 April 1867
| 2 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Rattazzi II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pompeo Di Campello
(1803–1884)
|12 April 1867
|27 October 1867
| 198 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Federico Menabrea
(1809–1896)
As Prime Minister
|27 October 1867
|14 December 1869
| 2 years, 48 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Menabrea I·
II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|14 December 1869
|20 November 1876
| 6 years, 342 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#BEE1F5|
Lanza
Minghetti II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Amedeo Melegari
(1805–1881)
|20 November 1876
|28 December 1877
| 1 year, 38 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|28 December 1877
|24 March 1878
| 86 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Luigi Corti
(1823–1888)
|24 March 1878
|24 October 1878
| 214 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Cairoli I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister
|24 October 1878
|19 December 1878
| 56 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|19 December 1878
|14 July 1879
| 207 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Cairoli
(1825–1889)
As Prime Minister
|14 July 1879
|29 May 1881
| 1 year, 319 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Cairoli II·
III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pasquale Stanislao Mancini
(1817–1888)
|29 May 1881
|29 June 1885
| 4 years, 31 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis IV·
V·
VI
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|29 June 1885
|6 October 1885
| 99 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis VII
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Felice Nicolis,
Count of Robilant
(1826–1887)
|6 October 1885
|4 April 1887
| 1 year, 180 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Agostino Depretis
(1813–1887)
As Prime Minister
|4 April 1887
|29 July 1887
| 116 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Depretis VIII
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Crispi
(1819–1901)
As Prime Minister
|29 July 1887
|6 February 1891
| 3 years, 192 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Crispi I·
II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Starabba di Rudinì
(1839–1908)
As Prime Minister
|6 February 1891
|15 May 1892
| 1 year, 99 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Benedetto Brin
(1833–1898)
|15 May 1892
|15 December 1893
| 1 year, 214 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#92EFBB|
Giolitti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alberto Blanc
(1835–1904)
|15 December 1893
|10 March 1896
| 2 years, 86 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Crispi III·
IV
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Onorato Caetani
(1842–1917)
|10 March 1896
|11 July 1896
| 123 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|11 July 1896
|1 June 1898
| 1 year, 325 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì III·
IV
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Raffaele Cappelli
(1848–1921)
|1 June 1898
|29 June 1898
| 28 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Di Rudinì V
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Felice Napoleone Canevaro
(1838–1926)
|29 June 1898
|14 May 1899
| 319 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Pelloux I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Emilio Visconti Venosta
(1829–1914)
|14 May 1899
|15 February 1901
|1 year, 277 days
!style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Pelloux II
Saracco
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Giulio Prinetti
(1851–1908)
|15 February 1901
|9 February 1903
| 1 year, 359 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Zanardelli
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Enrico Morin
(1841–1910)
|9 February 1903
|3 September 1903
| 206 days
! style="background:#C3B091;" |
|
Military
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|3 September 1903
|27 March 1905
|1 year, 205 days
!style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Giolitti II
Tittoni
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Alessandro Fortis
(1842–1909)
As Prime Minister
|27 March 1905
|24 December 1905
| 272 days
! style="background:#2E8B57;" |
|
Historical Left
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Fortis I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914)
|24 December 1905
|8 February 1906
| 46 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Fortis II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915)
|8 February 1906
|29 May 1906
| 110 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Sonnino I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|29 May 1906
|10 December 1909
| 3 years, 195 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Giolitti III
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Guicciardini
(1851–1915)
|11 December 1909
|31 March 1910
| 110 days
! style="background:#1E87B2;" |
|
Historical Right
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Sonnino II
|
|- style="height:5em;"
! rowspan=2|
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" rowspan=2|
Antonio Paternò Castello
di San Giuliano
(1852–1914)
|rowspan=2|31 March 1910
|rowspan=2|17 October 1914
|rowspan=2|4 years, 210 days
!rowspan=2 style="background:#0047AB;" |
|rowspan=2|
Historical Right /
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
Luzzatti
|rowspan=2|
|- style="height:5em;"
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Giolitti IV
Salandra I
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Antonio Salandra
(1853–1931)
As Prime Minister
|17 October 1914
|31 October 1914
|14 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Salandra I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Sidney Sonnino
(1847–1922)
|31 October 1914
|23 June 1919
|4 years, 235 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Salandra III
Boselli
Orlando
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Tommaso Tittoni
(1855–1931)
|23 June 1919
|26 June 1919
|3 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|rowspan=2 bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Nitti I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Francesco Nitti
(1868–1953)
As Prime Minister
|26 June 1919
|26 September 1919
|92 days
! style="background:#00542E;" |
|
Italian Radical Party
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Vittorio Scialoja
(1856–1933)
|26 September 1919
|15 June 1920
|263 days
! style="background:#0047AB;" |
|
Liberal Union
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Nitti I·
II
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Sforza
(1872–1952)
|15 June 1920
|4 July 1921
|1 year, 19 days
! style="background:Gold;" |
|
Democratic Liberal Party
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Giolitti V
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Pietro Tomasi della Torretta
(1873–1962)
|4 July 1921
|22 February 1922
|233 days
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" |
|
Independent
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Bonomi I
|
|-
!
! scope="row" style="font-weight:normal" |
Carlo Schanzer
(1865–1953)
|26 February 1922
|31 October 1922
|251 days
! style="background:Gold;" |
|
Democratic Liberal Party
|bgcolor=#D5E1FF|
Facta I·
II
|
|-
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2008 | 12,434,260 | 33.2 | 217 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
11,052,577 | 33.7 | 118 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Walter Veltroni |
2013 | 8,934,009 | 25.4 | 297 / 630
|
![]() 80 |
![]() |
8,400,255 | 27.4 | 112 / 315
|
![]() 6 |
![]() |
Pier Luigi Bersani |
2018 | 6,161,896 | 18.8 | 112 / 630
|
![]() 185 |
![]() |
5,783,360 | 19.1 | 54 / 315
|
![]() 58 |
![]() |
Matteo Renzi |
2022 | 5,356,180 | 19.1 | 69 / 400
|
![]() 43 |
![]() |
5,226,732 | 19.0 | 40 / 200
|
![]() 13 |
![]() |
Enrico Letta |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2013 | 666,035 | 1.9 | 9 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
590,083 | 1.9 | 0 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Giorgia Meloni |
2018 | 7,302,517 | 4.4 | 32 / 630
|
![]() 23 |
![]() |
1,286,606 | 4.3 | 18 / 315
|
![]() 18 |
![]() | |
2022 | 7,302,517 | 26.0 | 119 / 400
|
![]() 87 |
![]() |
7,167,136 | 26.0 | 65 / 200
|
![]() 47 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2013 | 8,691,406 | 25.6 | 109 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
7,285,850 | 23.8 | 54 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Beppe Grillo |
2018 | 10,732,066 | 32.7 | 227 / 630
|
![]() 119 |
![]() |
9,733,928 | 32.2 | 112 / 315
|
![]() 58 |
![]() |
Luigi Di Maio |
2022 | 4,333,972 | 15.4 | 52 / 400
|
![]() 175 |
![]() |
4,285,894 | 15.6 | 28 / 200
|
![]() 85 |
![]() |
Giuseppe Conte |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2018 | 5,698,687 | 17.4 | 124 / 630
|
![]() 104 |
![]() |
5,321,537 | 17.6 | 58 / 315
|
![]() 40 |
![]() |
Matteo Salvini |
2022 | 2,464,005 | 8.8 | 66 / 400
|
![]() 59 |
![]() |
2,439,200 | 8.9 | 30 / 200
|
![]() 28 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2018 | 4,596,956 | 14.0 | 106 / 630
|
– | ![]() |
4,358,004 | 14.4 | 58 / 315
|
– | ![]() |
Silvio Berlusconi |
2022 | 2,278,217 | 8.1 | 45 / 400
|
![]() 61 |
![]() |
2,279,802 | 8.3 | 18 / 200
|
![]() 40 |
![]() |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2022 | 2,186,669 | 7.8 | 21 / 400
|
– | ![]() |
2,132,310 | 7.7 | 9 / 200
|
– | ![]() |
Carlo Calenda |
Election | Chamber of Deputies | Senate of the Republic | Leader | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | ||
2022 | 1,071,663 | 3.6 | 12 / 400
|
– | ![]() |
972,316 | 3.5 | 4 / 200
|
– | ![]() |
Angelo Bonelli |
Bologna, Italy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Climate chart ( explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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