| Interstitial cystitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Bladder pain syndrome (BPS), [1] painful bladder syndrome (PBS), IC/BPS, IC/PBS, Hunner ulcer [2] |
 | |
| Hunner ulcer seen in interstitial cystitis by cystoscopy [3] [4] | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Symptoms | Chronic pain of the bladder, feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, pain with sex [1] |
| Complications | Depression, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia [1] [5] |
| Usual onset | Middle age [1] |
| Duration | Long term [1] |
| Causes | Unknown [1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on the symptoms after ruling out other conditions [5] |
| Differential diagnosis | Urinary tract infection, overactive bladder, sexually transmitted infections, endometriosis, bladder cancer, prostatitis [1] [6] |
| Treatment | Lifestyle changes, medications, procedures [1] |
| Medication | Ibuprofen, pentosan polysulfate, amitriptyline [1] |
| Frequency | 0.5% of people [1] [5] |
Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a type of chronic pain that affects the bladder. [1] Symptoms include feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, and pain with sex. [1] IC/BPS is associated with depression and lower quality of life. [5] Many of those affected also have irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. [1]
The cause of IC/BPS is unknown. [1] While it can, it does not typically run in a family. [1] The diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms after ruling out other conditions. [5] Typically the urine culture is negative. [5] Ulceration or inflammation may be seen on cystoscopy. [5] Other conditions which can produce similar symptoms include urinary tract infection (UTI), overactive bladder, sexually transmitted infections, endometriosis, bladder cancer, and prostatitis. [1] [6]
There is no cure for interstitial cystitis. [1] Treatments that may improve symptoms include lifestyle changes, medications, or procedures. [1] Lifestyle changes may include stopping smoking and reducing stress. [1] Medications may include ibuprofen, pentosan polysulfate, or amitriptyline. [1] Procedures may include bladder distention, nerve stimulation, or surgery. [1] Pelvic floor exercises and long term antibiotics are not recommended. [5]
In the United States and Europe, it is estimated that around 0.5% of people are affected. [1] [5] Women are affected about five times as often as men. [1] Onset is typically in middle age. [1] The term "interstitial cystitis" first came into use in 1887. [2]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x "Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome fact sheet". OWH. 16 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
- ^ a b Bostwick, David G.; Cheng, Liang (2014). Urologic Surgical Pathology (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 208. ISBN 9780323086196. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016.
- ^ Persu, C; Cauni, V; Gutue, S; Blaj, I; Jinga, V; Geavlete, P (2010). "From interstitial cystitis to chronic pelvic pain". Journal of Medicine and Life. 3 (2): 167–74. PMC 3019050. PMID 20968203.
- ^ Stedman, Thomas Lathrop (2005). Stedman's Medical Eponyms. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 344. ISBN 9780781754439. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Hanno, PM; Erickson, D; Moldwin, R; Faraday, MM; American Urological, Association (May 2015). "Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: AUA guideline amendment". The Journal of Urology. 193 (5): 1545–53. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.086. PMID 25623737. Archived from the original on 20 April 2014.
- ^ a b Bogart, LM; Berry, SH; Clemens, JQ (2007). "Symptoms of interstitial cystitis, painful bladder syndrome and similar diseases in women: a systematic review". The Journal of Urology. 177 (2): 450–456. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.09.032. PMID 17222607.
| Interstitial cystitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Bladder pain syndrome (BPS), [1] painful bladder syndrome (PBS), IC/BPS, IC/PBS, Hunner ulcer [2] |
|
| |
| Hunner ulcer seen in interstitial cystitis by cystoscopy [3] [4] | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Symptoms | Chronic pain of the bladder, feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, pain with sex [1] |
| Complications | Depression, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia [1] [5] |
| Usual onset | Middle age [1] |
| Duration | Long term [1] |
| Causes | Unknown [1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on the symptoms after ruling out other conditions [5] |
| Differential diagnosis | Urinary tract infection, overactive bladder, sexually transmitted infections, endometriosis, bladder cancer, prostatitis [1] [6] |
| Treatment | Lifestyle changes, medications, procedures [1] |
| Medication | Ibuprofen, pentosan polysulfate, amitriptyline [1] |
| Frequency | 0.5% of people [1] [5] |
Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a type of chronic pain that affects the bladder. [1] Symptoms include feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, and pain with sex. [1] IC/BPS is associated with depression and lower quality of life. [5] Many of those affected also have irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. [1]
The cause of IC/BPS is unknown. [1] While it can, it does not typically run in a family. [1] The diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms after ruling out other conditions. [5] Typically the urine culture is negative. [5] Ulceration or inflammation may be seen on cystoscopy. [5] Other conditions which can produce similar symptoms include urinary tract infection (UTI), overactive bladder, sexually transmitted infections, endometriosis, bladder cancer, and prostatitis. [1] [6]
There is no cure for interstitial cystitis. [1] Treatments that may improve symptoms include lifestyle changes, medications, or procedures. [1] Lifestyle changes may include stopping smoking and reducing stress. [1] Medications may include ibuprofen, pentosan polysulfate, or amitriptyline. [1] Procedures may include bladder distention, nerve stimulation, or surgery. [1] Pelvic floor exercises and long term antibiotics are not recommended. [5]
In the United States and Europe, it is estimated that around 0.5% of people are affected. [1] [5] Women are affected about five times as often as men. [1] Onset is typically in middle age. [1] The term "interstitial cystitis" first came into use in 1887. [2]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x "Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome fact sheet". OWH. 16 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
- ^ a b Bostwick, David G.; Cheng, Liang (2014). Urologic Surgical Pathology (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 208. ISBN 9780323086196. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016.
- ^ Persu, C; Cauni, V; Gutue, S; Blaj, I; Jinga, V; Geavlete, P (2010). "From interstitial cystitis to chronic pelvic pain". Journal of Medicine and Life. 3 (2): 167–74. PMC 3019050. PMID 20968203.
- ^ Stedman, Thomas Lathrop (2005). Stedman's Medical Eponyms. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 344. ISBN 9780781754439. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Hanno, PM; Erickson, D; Moldwin, R; Faraday, MM; American Urological, Association (May 2015). "Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: AUA guideline amendment". The Journal of Urology. 193 (5): 1545–53. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.086. PMID 25623737. Archived from the original on 20 April 2014.
- ^ a b Bogart, LM; Berry, SH; Clemens, JQ (2007). "Symptoms of interstitial cystitis, painful bladder syndrome and similar diseases in women: a systematic review". The Journal of Urology. 177 (2): 450–456. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.09.032. PMID 17222607.