Purpose: For compiling info on the exact number of nations that boycotted the 1976 Olympics due to the African boycott, NOT for other reasons, such as the China boycott stuff (ROC (Taiwan) vs. PROC (China)) or other reasons like economic.
Sandbox: 1976 Olympics African boycott info compilation
FACTS
Olympic Games opened July 17, 1976. Closed August 1, 1976.
France supplied nuclear material to South Africa in July 1976?
Vorster visits Israel in July 1976?
"ECONOMIC TIES AND SPORTS LINKS WITH SOUTH AFRICA WERE CRITICIZED, AND NEW ZEALAND WAS SINGLED OUT BECAUSE OF THE TOUR OF ITS ALL BLACKS RUGBY TEAM TO SOUTH AFRICA. A BOYCOTT OF THE OLYMPICS WAS RECOMMENDED IF NEW ZEALAND IS ALLOWED TO PARTICIPATE"
Kissinger met with Vorster, but everyone expected it lmao and were more concerned with what went down in those talks.
"THE SECOND CIRCUMSTANCE IS THAT FFILBERT BAYI OF TANZANIA AND JOHN WALKER OF NEW ZEALAND ARE THE BEST MIDDLE DISTANCE RUNNERS IN THE WORLD, WITH THEIR IMPENDING CLASH IN THE GLAMOUR MILE RACE AT THE MONTREAL OLYMPICS THE MOST KEENLY ANTICIPATED EVENT IN NEW ZEALAND. THUS, THE WITHDRAWAL OF TANZANIA AND CANCELLATION OF THE BAYI-WALKER RACE AT MONTREAL HAS HAD MAXIMUM IMPACT IN NEW ZEALAND. THE FEAR THAT NEW ZEALAND ITSELF MIGHT BE BARRED FROM THE GAMES HAS NOW BEEN OVERCOME, BUT THE CONTINUED WITHDRAWAL OF SEVERAL OTHER AFRICAN AND ARAB COUNTRIES HAS HAD A SOBERING INFLUENCE ON NEW ZEALAND OPINION."
Ordia was invited to NZ by HART, basically to show that the NZ government doesn't care about Apartheid.
"SOWETO MASSACRE: INTER ALIA CONDEMNS "CERTAIN WESTERN COUNTIRES AND ISRAEL" FOR SELLING ARMAMENTS TO THE RACIST REGIME OF SOUTH AFRICA WHICH ARE USED TO MASSACRE THE BLACK MAJORITY AND DECIDES TO PROVIDE THE MAXIMUM POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO THE MOVEMENTS OF SOUTH AFRICA IN ORDER TO PERMIT THEM FINALLY TO CARRY OUT THE ARMED STRUGGLE."
"SPORTS LINKS WITH SOUTH AFRICA: VIGOROUSLY CON- DEMNS NEW ZEALAND AS WELL AS ALL COUNTRIES AND INTER- NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WHICH COOPERATE AND PARTICIPATE IN ANY TYPE OF SPORTS ACTIVITY WITH THE RECIST SOUTH AFRICAN REGIME; APPEALS TO THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE TO BAR NEW ZEALAND FROM ALL APRTICIPATION IN OTHE OLYMPIC GAMES THIS YEAR IF NEW ZEALAND PARTICIPATES; ASKS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY TO DEMONSTRATE SOLIDARITY ONCE AGAIN WITH AFRICA IN THIS STRUGGLE AGAINST APARTHEID"
USA among other countries asked to "RENCOUNCE IMMEDIATELY THEIR POLICY OF NUCLEAR COOPERATION WITH THE FASCISTS SOUTH AFRICAN REGIME", and for the French to stop building a nuclear reactor there.
Māori Honorary White status: "For the
1960 All Blacks tour of South Africa, the South African authorities insisted that Maori players be excluded from the team. The subsequent controversy led to the New Zealand Rugby Union refusing any other tour of the country for the following 10 years until the
1970 tour, when
Maori players were accepted as "
honorary whites"."
Boycott: “The
1976 All Blacks tour of apartheid South Africa generated much controversy and led to the boycott of the
1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal by 33 African nations after the
IOC refused to ban the team. New Zealand again failed to win the test series in South Africa, and did not secure another series victory until 1996, after the fall of
apartheid and the introduction of neutral referees. The 1976 tour contributed to the
Gleneagles Agreement being adopted by the Commonwealth Heads of State in 1977.”
"Twenty-nine countries boycotted the Games due to the refusal of the IOC to ban New Zealand, after the
New Zealand national rugby union team had
toured South Africa earlier in 1976. The boycott was led by Congolese official
Jean-Claude Ganga. Some of the boycotting nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated, however, and withdrew after the first few days.
Senegal and
Ivory Coast were the only African countries that competed throughout the duration of the Games. Elsewhere, Afghanistan, Albania, Burma, Iraq, Guyana, Sri Lanka and Syria also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. South Africa had been banned from the Olympics since 1964 due to its
apartheid policies. Other countries, such as El Salvador and Zaire, did not participate in Montreal for purely economic reasons."
From {1}: "For the
1960 All Blacks tour of South Africa, the South African authorities insisted that Maori players be excluded from the team. The subsequent controversy led to the New Zealand Rugby Union refusing any other tour of the country for the following 10 years until the
1970 tour, when
Maori players were accepted as "
honorary whites"."
Abraham Ordia - "(1918–1995) Nigerian sports administrator. Was involved with organizing sporting boycott of South Africa in the 1970s. President of the Supreme Council on Sport in Africa, in June 1976." -
source.
Piet Koornhof - SA minister of Sport. Called for opening of sports competition to all races in 1976.
Purpose: For compiling info on the exact number of nations that boycotted the 1976 Olympics due to the African boycott, NOT for other reasons, such as the China boycott stuff (ROC (Taiwan) vs. PROC (China)) or other reasons like economic.
Sandbox: 1976 Olympics African boycott info compilation
FACTS
Olympic Games opened July 17, 1976. Closed August 1, 1976.
France supplied nuclear material to South Africa in July 1976?
Vorster visits Israel in July 1976?
"ECONOMIC TIES AND SPORTS LINKS WITH SOUTH AFRICA WERE CRITICIZED, AND NEW ZEALAND WAS SINGLED OUT BECAUSE OF THE TOUR OF ITS ALL BLACKS RUGBY TEAM TO SOUTH AFRICA. A BOYCOTT OF THE OLYMPICS WAS RECOMMENDED IF NEW ZEALAND IS ALLOWED TO PARTICIPATE"
Kissinger met with Vorster, but everyone expected it lmao and were more concerned with what went down in those talks.
"THE SECOND CIRCUMSTANCE IS THAT FFILBERT BAYI OF TANZANIA AND JOHN WALKER OF NEW ZEALAND ARE THE BEST MIDDLE DISTANCE RUNNERS IN THE WORLD, WITH THEIR IMPENDING CLASH IN THE GLAMOUR MILE RACE AT THE MONTREAL OLYMPICS THE MOST KEENLY ANTICIPATED EVENT IN NEW ZEALAND. THUS, THE WITHDRAWAL OF TANZANIA AND CANCELLATION OF THE BAYI-WALKER RACE AT MONTREAL HAS HAD MAXIMUM IMPACT IN NEW ZEALAND. THE FEAR THAT NEW ZEALAND ITSELF MIGHT BE BARRED FROM THE GAMES HAS NOW BEEN OVERCOME, BUT THE CONTINUED WITHDRAWAL OF SEVERAL OTHER AFRICAN AND ARAB COUNTRIES HAS HAD A SOBERING INFLUENCE ON NEW ZEALAND OPINION."
Ordia was invited to NZ by HART, basically to show that the NZ government doesn't care about Apartheid.
"SOWETO MASSACRE: INTER ALIA CONDEMNS "CERTAIN WESTERN COUNTIRES AND ISRAEL" FOR SELLING ARMAMENTS TO THE RACIST REGIME OF SOUTH AFRICA WHICH ARE USED TO MASSACRE THE BLACK MAJORITY AND DECIDES TO PROVIDE THE MAXIMUM POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO THE MOVEMENTS OF SOUTH AFRICA IN ORDER TO PERMIT THEM FINALLY TO CARRY OUT THE ARMED STRUGGLE."
"SPORTS LINKS WITH SOUTH AFRICA: VIGOROUSLY CON- DEMNS NEW ZEALAND AS WELL AS ALL COUNTRIES AND INTER- NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WHICH COOPERATE AND PARTICIPATE IN ANY TYPE OF SPORTS ACTIVITY WITH THE RECIST SOUTH AFRICAN REGIME; APPEALS TO THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE TO BAR NEW ZEALAND FROM ALL APRTICIPATION IN OTHE OLYMPIC GAMES THIS YEAR IF NEW ZEALAND PARTICIPATES; ASKS THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY TO DEMONSTRATE SOLIDARITY ONCE AGAIN WITH AFRICA IN THIS STRUGGLE AGAINST APARTHEID"
USA among other countries asked to "RENCOUNCE IMMEDIATELY THEIR POLICY OF NUCLEAR COOPERATION WITH THE FASCISTS SOUTH AFRICAN REGIME", and for the French to stop building a nuclear reactor there.
Māori Honorary White status: "For the
1960 All Blacks tour of South Africa, the South African authorities insisted that Maori players be excluded from the team. The subsequent controversy led to the New Zealand Rugby Union refusing any other tour of the country for the following 10 years until the
1970 tour, when
Maori players were accepted as "
honorary whites"."
Boycott: “The
1976 All Blacks tour of apartheid South Africa generated much controversy and led to the boycott of the
1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal by 33 African nations after the
IOC refused to ban the team. New Zealand again failed to win the test series in South Africa, and did not secure another series victory until 1996, after the fall of
apartheid and the introduction of neutral referees. The 1976 tour contributed to the
Gleneagles Agreement being adopted by the Commonwealth Heads of State in 1977.”
"Twenty-nine countries boycotted the Games due to the refusal of the IOC to ban New Zealand, after the
New Zealand national rugby union team had
toured South Africa earlier in 1976. The boycott was led by Congolese official
Jean-Claude Ganga. Some of the boycotting nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated, however, and withdrew after the first few days.
Senegal and
Ivory Coast were the only African countries that competed throughout the duration of the Games. Elsewhere, Afghanistan, Albania, Burma, Iraq, Guyana, Sri Lanka and Syria also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. South Africa had been banned from the Olympics since 1964 due to its
apartheid policies. Other countries, such as El Salvador and Zaire, did not participate in Montreal for purely economic reasons."
From {1}: "For the
1960 All Blacks tour of South Africa, the South African authorities insisted that Maori players be excluded from the team. The subsequent controversy led to the New Zealand Rugby Union refusing any other tour of the country for the following 10 years until the
1970 tour, when
Maori players were accepted as "
honorary whites"."
Abraham Ordia - "(1918–1995) Nigerian sports administrator. Was involved with organizing sporting boycott of South Africa in the 1970s. President of the Supreme Council on Sport in Africa, in June 1976." -
source.
Piet Koornhof - SA minister of Sport. Called for opening of sports competition to all races in 1976.