Original - "Bioremediation"
In some cases, nitrogen, phosphorus, micronutrients, vitamins, and other materials are added to improve conditions for microbial respiration.[ citation needed]
Many biological processes are sensitive to pH and function most efficiently in near neutral conditions. [1] Low pH can interfere with pH homeostasis or increase the solubility of toxic metals. [2] Microorganisms can expend cellular energy to maintain homeostasis or cytoplasmic conditions may change in response to external changes in pH. [3] Some anaerobes have adapted to low pH conditions through alterations in carbon and electron flow, cellular morphology, membrane structure, and protein synthesis. [1]
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help)
Edit - "Bioremediation"
In some cases, nitrogen, phosphorus, micronutrients, vitamins, and other materials are added to improve conditions for microbial respiration.[ citation needed]
Many biological processes are sensitive to pH and function most efficiently in near neutral conditions. [1] Low pH can interfere with pH homeostasis or increase the solubility of toxic metals. [2] Microorganisms can expend cellular energy to maintain homeostasis or cytoplasmic conditions may change in response to external changes in pH. [3] Some anaerobes have adapted to low pH conditions through alterations in carbon and electron flow, cellular morphology, membrane structure, and protein synthesis. [1]
Only biodegradable contaminants can be transformed using bioremediation processes. [4] Some compounds, such as highly chlorinated compounds, heavy metals, and radionuclides are not readily biodegradable. [5] [6] [7] Also, microbes sometimes do not fully biodegrade a pollutant and may end up producing a more toxic compound. [7] For example, under anaerobic conditions, the reductive dehalogenation of TCE may produce vinyl chloride which is a known carcinogen. [5] Therefore, more research is required to see if the products from biodegradation are less persistent and less toxic than the original contaminant. [7] Thus, the metabolic and chemical pathways of the microorganisms of interest must be known. [5] In addition, knowing these pathways will help develop new technologies that can deal with sites that have uneven distributions of a mixture of contaminants. [4]
Also, for biodegradation to occur, there must be a microbial population with the metabolic capacity to degrade the pollutant, an environment with the right growing conditions for the microbes, and the right amount of nutrients and contaminants. [4] [6] The biological processes used by these microbes are highly specific, therefore, many environmental factors must be taken into account and regulated as well. [4] [5] Thus, bioremediation processes must be specifically made in accordance to the conditions at the contaminated site. [5] Also, because many factors are interdependent, small-scale tests must be performed before carrying out the procedure at the contaminated site. [6] However, it is difficult to extrapolate the results from the small-scale test studies into big field operations. [4] Lastly, the process of bioremediation is longer and can be more expensive than other conventional options such as land filling and incineration. [4] [5]
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help)
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help); |first1=
has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
Lizhuang97 ( talk) 00:51, 20 November 2017 (UTC)
Original - "Bioremediation"
In some cases, nitrogen, phosphorus, micronutrients, vitamins, and other materials are added to improve conditions for microbial respiration.[ citation needed]
Many biological processes are sensitive to pH and function most efficiently in near neutral conditions. [1] Low pH can interfere with pH homeostasis or increase the solubility of toxic metals. [2] Microorganisms can expend cellular energy to maintain homeostasis or cytoplasmic conditions may change in response to external changes in pH. [3] Some anaerobes have adapted to low pH conditions through alterations in carbon and electron flow, cellular morphology, membrane structure, and protein synthesis. [1]
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help)
Edit - "Bioremediation"
In some cases, nitrogen, phosphorus, micronutrients, vitamins, and other materials are added to improve conditions for microbial respiration.[ citation needed]
Many biological processes are sensitive to pH and function most efficiently in near neutral conditions. [1] Low pH can interfere with pH homeostasis or increase the solubility of toxic metals. [2] Microorganisms can expend cellular energy to maintain homeostasis or cytoplasmic conditions may change in response to external changes in pH. [3] Some anaerobes have adapted to low pH conditions through alterations in carbon and electron flow, cellular morphology, membrane structure, and protein synthesis. [1]
Only biodegradable contaminants can be transformed using bioremediation processes. [4] Some compounds, such as highly chlorinated compounds, heavy metals, and radionuclides are not readily biodegradable. [5] [6] [7] Also, microbes sometimes do not fully biodegrade a pollutant and may end up producing a more toxic compound. [7] For example, under anaerobic conditions, the reductive dehalogenation of TCE may produce vinyl chloride which is a known carcinogen. [5] Therefore, more research is required to see if the products from biodegradation are less persistent and less toxic than the original contaminant. [7] Thus, the metabolic and chemical pathways of the microorganisms of interest must be known. [5] In addition, knowing these pathways will help develop new technologies that can deal with sites that have uneven distributions of a mixture of contaminants. [4]
Also, for biodegradation to occur, there must be a microbial population with the metabolic capacity to degrade the pollutant, an environment with the right growing conditions for the microbes, and the right amount of nutrients and contaminants. [4] [6] The biological processes used by these microbes are highly specific, therefore, many environmental factors must be taken into account and regulated as well. [4] [5] Thus, bioremediation processes must be specifically made in accordance to the conditions at the contaminated site. [5] Also, because many factors are interdependent, small-scale tests must be performed before carrying out the procedure at the contaminated site. [6] However, it is difficult to extrapolate the results from the small-scale test studies into big field operations. [4] Lastly, the process of bioremediation is longer and can be more expensive than other conventional options such as land filling and incineration. [4] [5]
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help)
{{
cite book}}
: |edition=
has extra text (
help); |first1=
has generic name (
help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
Lizhuang97 ( talk) 00:51, 20 November 2017 (UTC)