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The Mermaid Belief In Different Cultures

Mermaid is a mythical underwater creature that has a fish tail and a human head and upper body. Ancient mythology contain divine or semidivine entities. According to European legend, mermaids also known as sirens and mermen were supernatural creatures with magical and prophecy abilities, just like fairies. They frequently sang and enjoyed music that mortal ,soulless and despite their extremely lengthy lifespans. ^[1]

History

The legend surrounding mermaids has long been exclusive to human culture. Though each culture has its own explanation for this enigmatic marine creature, it's important to remember that they are all similar in that they are half human and half fish. The figure is sometimes associated with the darker aspects of women such as the sea seductress who seduces seafarers into the depths of the ocean with her alluring voice. Furthermore, the figure of mermaid can not only represent aspects of darkness of the femininity but also the human’s mind in general like seduction, sexual desire, fears, greed, religion or even forbidden sexual perversity. Different tales were told in many different narratives about the mermaid through space and time in each country. ^[1]

For thousands of years, The stories that straddle the boundary between reality and magic have been told by people in almost every culture in the world. These tales have frequently been told with the intention of elucidating the incomprehensible, imparting wisdom or just delighting and amusing the listeners. Even though the world's stories are as varied as its inhabitants that many of them share themes, characters and animals with many different civilizations and nations of mermaids. They have existed in the folklore of numerous civilizations for millennia. Around the world, mermaids are revered, romanticized, and memorialized in myths and artwork, leading to a widespread culture. ^[2]

Mermaids Are People, Too, And Fish, Too

Mermaids, iconic half-human, half-fish beings, are often misunderstood. They're not mere novelties but beings deserving respect. They vary in size, don't appreciate invasive questions about their anatomy, and don't conform to stereotypes like wearing clamshell bras. Their lives revolve around the sea, and assumptions about their desires should be avoided. Mermaids aren't sirens; they don't lure sailors to their demise. Lastly, they shouldn't be confused with manatees. Understanding and portraying mermaids accurately is crucial to dispel misconceptions and show respect for these mythical beings. [1]

Origin of Mermaid

In the early Greek period , the siren from Greek mythology was mistaken for a mermaid. Congruent names for siren are still used in some European Romance languages to refer to mermaids. ^[3]

Siren

Because of this misunderstanding, the word "siren" is now used rather than "mermaid." While sirens were thought to be consistently malevolent and dangerous, drawing sailors to their island's treacherous rocky coast with their alluring calls, mermaids are creatures of moral ambiguity.

Medieval Siren

The part-fish appearance of the siren gained popularity. Mermaids frequently adopt characteristics of classical sirens, such as Homer's description of them utilizing their lovely singing as a lure.

Story And Tales

Many of the stories show that different cultures on mermaids. Certain mermaids such as Atargatis, were regarded as divine beings and held in high regard. Some civilizations had a more negative opinion of mermaids seeing them as cunning tricksters who were always waiting to prey on the weak. Reports of seeing mermaids have historically been seen as portents of impending storms and shipwrecks. Additionally, mermaids were occasionally perceived as predatory beings that enjoyed bringing people into the sea so they might drown them, much like the sirens of classical Greek mythology. There are legends about mermaids who prayers healed serious ailments. There are even mermaids who marry and live among humans. ^[4]

Marine life story

The Greek tales Jason and the crew of the Argo set out to find the Golden Fleece from Colchis, The ship sailed past Siren's island. So they had the opportunity to sing a song to lure the boat closer to the island. It was their good fortune that Mrs. Medea Jason's wife tells Orpheus to make the harp's music sweeter than the sirens'. Found a more beautiful sound than this. As a result, the sirens were embarrassed and flew away and the entire Argo crew survived.

Characteristics and Figure Mermaid

The upper half of the body is human. The bottom half is a fish tail. Most mythical mermaids are beautiful women. long hair spread out intelligence sitting and combing my hair on the rocks on the shore.

Mermaid

The upper half of the body is human. The bottom half is a fish tail. Most mythical mermaids are beautiful women. long hair spread out intelligence sitting and combing my hair on the rocks on the shore.

Siren

Place of origin is Antimoessa (At present it is the sea around the island of Sicily,Italy) She has the shape of a large bird, similar to a vulture. But the head was that of a beautiful young woman. The siren's singing voice is so melodious that it can mesmerize the listener into a state of unconsciousness. You can forget everything. And they used this sound to trick the sailors into sending their ships into the rocks and eat them.

Different of Mermaid and Siren

It begins with a half-human, half-fish mermaid swimming in the sea. On days when I'm bored, I come up and sit and comb my hair and sing songs to show off my beauty on the rocks near the beach, watching birds and looking at trees. Sirens are half-human, half-bird creatures. Flying and playing with the wind while singing, showing off the clear, deadly sound. Lure sailors into a trance Then they butchered the fish after the shipwreck and caught them to eat. ^[5]

Mermaid Symbolism

Given its diverse and extensive historical background, the mermaid symbol is as versatile as the ever-changing sea. In certain societies, the mermaid represents vitality and fertility in the ocean, while in others, she embodies the perilous aspects of water, drawing sailors to their demise. In this context, the mermaid serves as a harbinger for storms, turbulent seas, and calamities. ^[6]

Believe And Culture In Different Country

Greek naiads and sirens, who frequently led mariners astray. Rusalka's are associated with various folk tales, but they all have one thing in common, according to ethnologist D.K. Zelenin: they are the restless souls of the dirty dead. Usually, they are the ghosts of young ladies who met terrible or unexpected ends before being married, particularly when they drowned. It is stated that Rusalka's live in rivers and lakes. They seem like lovely young ladies with pale complexion and long, pale green hair, implying a relationship with floating weeds and days spent submerged in twilight light. After dark, one can witness them dancing beneath the moon, calling out to young men by name, drawing them toward the sea, and ultimately drowning them.

In Western Europe folklore

A mermaid-like figure from European tradition, Melusine is doomed to transform from the waist down into a serpent. Occasionally, later representations altered this to a fish tail. Her name was eventually linked to the two-tailed mermaid of heraldry, maybe in the late nineteenth century.

In Asia folklore

Thailand folklore

Famous piece of Indian literature, the Thai translation of the Ramayana has the "golden mermaid" Suvannamaccha, She is a mermaid princess and the offspring of Tosarkans character in several epic retellings, who falls in love with Hanuman. She tries to stop Hanuman from constructing a bridge that would connect India and Sri Lanka in an effort to save Sita, another important character in the narrative. She yet had feelings for Hanuman. She is a well-known figure in Thai folklore. In Thailand, her statues are positioned as lucky charms in a lot of residences and commercial buildings. Her persona probably served as an inspiration for Sunthorn Phu, a well-known Thai poet, who invented another "golden mermaid" for his novel Phra Aphai Mani. ^[7]

Indonesian folklore

The mermaid queen is supposed to live on Java's southern beach. Nyai Roro Kidul is a sea deity and the Queen of the Southern Seas in Javanese tradition in Indonesia. She is known as Nyai Blorong when she is in her mermaid form. ^[8]

Philippines folklore

Each ethnic group in the Philippines has an own conception of mermaids. The Binalatongan mermaid, revered by the Pangasinense, is a sea goddess who wed the mortal Maginoo Palaspas and briefly ruled over humanity. According to Ilocano legend, the mating of the first Litao, a water god, and the first Serena allowed mermaids to proliferate and spread. Known for their lovely voice and fierce character, mermaids were called Magindara by the Bicolano people. Mermaids known as Mambubuno are portrayed as having two fins rather than one among the Sambal. ^[9]

Indian folklore

Suvannamaccha, often known as the golden mermaid is a Hindu goddess who appears in the Ramayana variants written in Thai and Cambodian. She is the daughter of Ravana. As she attempts to thwart Hanuman's intentions to construct a bridge to Lanka, the mermaid princess falls in love with him instead. She is a well-known character in Thai folklore. ^[10]

Chinese folklore

A pertinent anecdote describes a renyu ("human fish") that the ship transporting Zha Dao and his messenger to Korea is said to have spotted. Her red mane reached the backs of her elbows, and her hair was a mess. Zha gave the crew orders to bring her on board using poles, but she got away. Zha clarified that she was renyu a kind of human living in the sea that was skilled at having sexual relations with others. Comprehensive Compendium of Illustrations and Books, Ancient and Modern. ^[11]

Korean folklore

The sea encloses Korea on three sides. There are enigmatic tales concerning mermaids in certain Korean coastal villages. Human features are shared by mermaids. According to the Eou yadam, the town's mayor, Kim Dam Ryeong, rescued four mermaids that a fisherman had trapped.The story of Princess Hwang-ok from Naranda, a legendary underwater kingdom inhabited by mermaids, is told on Dongabaek Island in Busan. The story is based on the real Heo Hwang-ok from India. Another story tells of Sinjike, a mermaid from Geomun Island who sang and threw boulders into the water to warn fishermen of approaching storms. The people who lived on the island thought she was a weather-predict. ^[12]

Japanese folklore

The flesh of the ingyo was thought to be an elixir and eating it was thought to grant a remarkable lifespan.

The Yao ฺBikuni, who is said to have eaten merfolk flesh, attained remarkable longevity, and lived for decades, is one well-known ingyo legend. Two translations refer to the flesh as "mermaid flesh" in one book and just a "weird fish with a human face" in another, so it's unclear if it belonged to a lady

Art and Music

There are about art mermaid statues worldwide. Mermaid sculptures and statues may be found in various nations and civilizations. Russia, Finland, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Denmark, Norway, England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Greece, Turkey, India, China, Thailand, South Korea, Japan, Guam, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, the Cayman Islands, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, the United States and Canada are among the nations that have mermaid sculptures on public property. Some of these mermaid statues are now well-known landmarks in their respective cities and nations and draw large numbers of tourists each year. A symbol of both Copenhagen and Denmark is the Little Mermaid monument. ^[13]

The three big text "Rhine daughters" in Richard Wagner's opera Der Ring des Nibelungen and Felix Mendelssohn's Fair Melusina overture are two examples of musical representations of mermaids. The Rhine mermaid Lorelei, made famous by Heinrich Heine's poem of the same name, has come to be associated with sirens. Taiwanese composer Fan-Long Ko wrote an orchestral composition titled The Weeping Mermaid. ^[14]

Reference