Not entirely reliable facts, unproven facts given by a single source etc.
Choice of location: "(...) Lugano, was largely picked for financial reasons – the town was host to an excellent entertainment orchestra, La Radiosa, which was non-unionized and thus more affordable than other options." [1] [doesn't cite any sources for the claim, unclear whence, needs more sources to be confirmed]
Reason of the United Kingdom's absence: “Denmark, Austria and the UK registered too late to take part and had to sit out the first year (...)." [2]
Also claimed in: [3] [4] [5] [6] ; Micro magazine (15 April 1956) says 9 countries are to participate. [7]
Information is contested because: The UK seems to have chosen deliberately not to take part according to Roxburgh: "Nowhere in any paperwork retained by the BBC in relation to the Festival Of British Popular Songs 1956 does it state that any of the songs from that contest were ever intended to be entered in the Grand Prix Of The Eurovision Song Competition, as the first contest was known. It seems likely that the BBC were quite content to progress with their own contest, which was already being organised, and to wait and see what happened with its European counterpart." [8] Note however that a contemporary source from 1956 (Danish newspaper) says that the UK also missed the deadline. [9]
Luxembourg didn't send jurors to Lugano for financial reasons. [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]
The artists were required to wear black ties and evening dresses. [19]
The global viewership is estimated to have been four million viewers. [20] // A press report of the time estimated that the contest had been broadcast to six million television sets in total, calculating that the contest could have reached about 20 million viewers if there were three viewers per set. [21] [unreliable as long as there are no other sources]
The contest was broadcast (live or deferred) in Germany on RIAS, HR and NDR, as well as on radio stations in Morocco, Austria, Portugal, Monaco, Turkey, Australia and Canada. [22] [unreliable, has to be confirmed by listings/radio programs.]
Raymond Colbert commented also for Belgian INR. [De Standaard and Télévision Programme Magazine, in their TV programs for INR, announced the ESC with "Swiss commentary". [30] [31] INR's own Micro magazine wrote "Commentaires : S.S.R.". [32] Raymond Colbert commented for Swiss French-speaking TSR so it seems logical that it was his commentary which was broadcast on INR. There's no certainty, however. Neither his name nor TSR are explicitly mentioned by the TV program. Needs more explicit sources to be confirmed.]
[all results given here are speculative/unreliable]
"Refrain" won by one point. [15] [<=> contradicts a post-contest interview with Stelio Molo, the Director General of SRG SSR, published in the Italian magazine Settimana Radio TV in the weeks following the contest: the gap between the first- and second-placed songs was revealed by Molo to be two points. [33]]
Dutch jury member Ger van Lugtenburg stated that many members had deemed Dany Dauberson’s “Il est là” the best song. [34] Similarly, Italian newspaper Il Tempo reported that "Il est là" seemed to have been popular / a favourite. [35]
2nd place: "Das Lied vom großen Glück" [15] [36], "Le Plus Beau Jour de ma vie" [37]
3rd place: "Messieurs les noyés de la Seine" [15] [36] / Belgium [38] [39], "So geht das jede Nacht" [37]
4th place: "Aprite le finestre". [36], "Il est là" [37]
Germany came 4th and 11th. [19] [actually, 4 and 11 were the positions of the running order for Germany]
5th place: "Amami se vuoi" [37]
6th place: "Les Amants de minuit" [37]
7th place: "Voorgoed voorbij" [37]
8th place: "Aprite le finestre" [37]
9th place: "Messieurs les Noyés de la Seine" [37]
10th place: "Das alte Karussell" [37]
11th place: "Das Lied vom großen Glück" (a.k.a. "Im Wartesaal zum großen Glück") [37]
12th place: "Le temps perdu" [37]
13th place: "Ne crois pas" [37]
14th place: "De vogels van Holland" [37]
Host country: On 20 May 1956, several days before the contest in Lugano, RAI's periodical "Radiocorriere" stated that the winning country of 1956 would have the right to organise and host the next Eurovision Song Contest. [40] However, this rule / right is absent from official EBU documents, such as the rules of 1956 or the EBU Bulletin. [41] [42] [43]
Right before or after the contest in Lugano, Hans-Otto Grünefeldt, entertainment program director of Hessischer Rundfunk, is said to simply have risen his hand when the question arose who would host the contest the following year. However, other countries were sceptical/mistrusted Germany and it was only confirmed as host country weeks later when no other country wanted to host it. [44] [needs more sources / contemporary sources to be confirmed]
Participants: On 28 January 1957, the ARD press service stated that "eleven countries" would be participating in the upcoming contest. [45] [Ten was the actual number of participants on 3 March. Was this a mistake? Or was there one country initially scheduled to participate and which dropped out at a late stage? Sweden seems a likely candidate for the second claim since it broadcast the international final with its own commentator. It debuted one year later. Monaco also broadcast the ESC but only debuted in 1959. ARD press service corrected the number to be ten on a release 11 February 1957. [46]]
Danish kiss (kissing for 12 seconds [44]) at the end of their performance causing a "scandal" [44]: No contemporary reports about that could be found so far. The Frankfurter Rundschau only notes that the Danish performance was "beautifully staged" ("hübsch inszeniert"). [47]
Viewership: 8 million. [44] [where does this come from?]
On the day after the contest, Danish newspaper Politiken claimed that DR had decided not to take part in the contest any longer. [48] [Politiken gives no source nor details whatsoever]
Sandie Shaw's song was published three days prior to the limit set by the official rules for eligible entries. [49] Shortly before the contest, rumours about disqualification of the United Kingdom's entry were exchanged between the delegations in Vienna. [49] => needs more sources to be confirmed to be true
reason for France's absence: "costs too high and outcome [Nutzen] too low". [50] <=> contradicts info in ESC 1982 (which is unsourced). => better or more sources needed
Ralph Siegel's party was held at the Palais Lenbach (= Bernheimer-Haus? Künstlerhaus am Lenbachplatz?). [51]
During Luxembourg's performance, which was the last in the running order, a number of spectators had already left the auditorium to consume sausages and cheese sticks at the food stands in the entrance hall. [52] <=> not visible in original broadcast video, looks as if audience is more or less fully present after Luxembourg's performance
Was Henri Segers part of the jury that selected the ten entries for the national final? Micro magazine's photo seems to suggest that. [53] – however, André Vermeulen doesn't list him as part of this jury. [54] [needs more / explicit sources to be confirmed]
The detailed voting results published by RAI in Radiocorriere no. 12/1956 [55] present some irregularities:
Total score
|
Milan
|
Turin
|
Trieste
|
Bolzano
|
Venice
|
Bologna
|
Genoa
|
Florence
|
Ancona
|
Rome
|
Naples
|
Bari
|
Palermo
|
Cagliari
|
Sanremo
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
"Musetto" | 41 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 1 | ||||||
"Il bosco innamorato" | 77 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 24 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
"La colpa fu" | 88 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 16 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 4 | |||||
"Amami se vuoi" | 163 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 40 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 32 | 11 | ||
"Nota per nota" | 92 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 24 | 16 | 4 | 12 | 4 | |||||||
"Il cantico del cielo" | 30 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||
"Albero caduto" | 76 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 20 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 8 | |||||
"La vita è un paradiso di bugie" | 153 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 24 | 12 | 8 | 33 | |
"Due teste sul cuscino" | 20 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||
"Aprite le finestre" | 171 | 24 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 24 | 8 | 8 | 28 | 8 | 20 | 4 | 20 | 11 |
The detailed jury vote table given by Anselmi 2009 seems very dubious for several reasons:
The jury voting was secret. [58] [needs more (serious) sources to be confirmed]
According to the German TV press service, 4,000 songs were submitted for the Sanremo Music Festival 1957. [59] [more references needed to be confirmed]
Decorative stage elements at the Spanish performance were designed by Salvador Dalí. [9] [seems not plausible that they brought with them own stage elements if no-one else did and this was not common in the early years => additional source needed]
She moved to Europe in 1950. [9] [better (high quality) source needed. A Danish newspaper for a Dutch person is not good enough]
The single record of "Refrain" was only published several weeks after the contest. [12] [needs additional citations for verification]
Udsendelsen [...] bød paa international Sangkonkurrence med Deltagelse af Eurovisionens Lande med Undtagelse af Danmark, Storbritannien og Østrig, som havde meldt sig for sent.[The show [...] offered an international song contest with the participation of the countries of Eurovision, with the exception of Denmark, Great Britain and Austria, which had registered too late.]
Udsendelsen [...] bød paa international Sangkonkurrence med Deltagelse af Eurovisionens Lande med Undtagelse af Danmark, Storbritannien og Østrig, som havde meldt sig for sent.[The show [...] offered an international song contest with the participation of the countries of Eurovision, with the exception of Denmark, Great Britain and Austria, which had registered too late.] Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
{{
cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date format (
link)
Not entirely reliable facts, unproven facts given by a single source etc.
Choice of location: "(...) Lugano, was largely picked for financial reasons – the town was host to an excellent entertainment orchestra, La Radiosa, which was non-unionized and thus more affordable than other options." [1] [doesn't cite any sources for the claim, unclear whence, needs more sources to be confirmed]
Reason of the United Kingdom's absence: “Denmark, Austria and the UK registered too late to take part and had to sit out the first year (...)." [2]
Also claimed in: [3] [4] [5] [6] ; Micro magazine (15 April 1956) says 9 countries are to participate. [7]
Information is contested because: The UK seems to have chosen deliberately not to take part according to Roxburgh: "Nowhere in any paperwork retained by the BBC in relation to the Festival Of British Popular Songs 1956 does it state that any of the songs from that contest were ever intended to be entered in the Grand Prix Of The Eurovision Song Competition, as the first contest was known. It seems likely that the BBC were quite content to progress with their own contest, which was already being organised, and to wait and see what happened with its European counterpart." [8] Note however that a contemporary source from 1956 (Danish newspaper) says that the UK also missed the deadline. [9]
Luxembourg didn't send jurors to Lugano for financial reasons. [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]
The artists were required to wear black ties and evening dresses. [19]
The global viewership is estimated to have been four million viewers. [20] // A press report of the time estimated that the contest had been broadcast to six million television sets in total, calculating that the contest could have reached about 20 million viewers if there were three viewers per set. [21] [unreliable as long as there are no other sources]
The contest was broadcast (live or deferred) in Germany on RIAS, HR and NDR, as well as on radio stations in Morocco, Austria, Portugal, Monaco, Turkey, Australia and Canada. [22] [unreliable, has to be confirmed by listings/radio programs.]
Raymond Colbert commented also for Belgian INR. [De Standaard and Télévision Programme Magazine, in their TV programs for INR, announced the ESC with "Swiss commentary". [30] [31] INR's own Micro magazine wrote "Commentaires : S.S.R.". [32] Raymond Colbert commented for Swiss French-speaking TSR so it seems logical that it was his commentary which was broadcast on INR. There's no certainty, however. Neither his name nor TSR are explicitly mentioned by the TV program. Needs more explicit sources to be confirmed.]
[all results given here are speculative/unreliable]
"Refrain" won by one point. [15] [<=> contradicts a post-contest interview with Stelio Molo, the Director General of SRG SSR, published in the Italian magazine Settimana Radio TV in the weeks following the contest: the gap between the first- and second-placed songs was revealed by Molo to be two points. [33]]
Dutch jury member Ger van Lugtenburg stated that many members had deemed Dany Dauberson’s “Il est là” the best song. [34] Similarly, Italian newspaper Il Tempo reported that "Il est là" seemed to have been popular / a favourite. [35]
2nd place: "Das Lied vom großen Glück" [15] [36], "Le Plus Beau Jour de ma vie" [37]
3rd place: "Messieurs les noyés de la Seine" [15] [36] / Belgium [38] [39], "So geht das jede Nacht" [37]
4th place: "Aprite le finestre". [36], "Il est là" [37]
Germany came 4th and 11th. [19] [actually, 4 and 11 were the positions of the running order for Germany]
5th place: "Amami se vuoi" [37]
6th place: "Les Amants de minuit" [37]
7th place: "Voorgoed voorbij" [37]
8th place: "Aprite le finestre" [37]
9th place: "Messieurs les Noyés de la Seine" [37]
10th place: "Das alte Karussell" [37]
11th place: "Das Lied vom großen Glück" (a.k.a. "Im Wartesaal zum großen Glück") [37]
12th place: "Le temps perdu" [37]
13th place: "Ne crois pas" [37]
14th place: "De vogels van Holland" [37]
Host country: On 20 May 1956, several days before the contest in Lugano, RAI's periodical "Radiocorriere" stated that the winning country of 1956 would have the right to organise and host the next Eurovision Song Contest. [40] However, this rule / right is absent from official EBU documents, such as the rules of 1956 or the EBU Bulletin. [41] [42] [43]
Right before or after the contest in Lugano, Hans-Otto Grünefeldt, entertainment program director of Hessischer Rundfunk, is said to simply have risen his hand when the question arose who would host the contest the following year. However, other countries were sceptical/mistrusted Germany and it was only confirmed as host country weeks later when no other country wanted to host it. [44] [needs more sources / contemporary sources to be confirmed]
Participants: On 28 January 1957, the ARD press service stated that "eleven countries" would be participating in the upcoming contest. [45] [Ten was the actual number of participants on 3 March. Was this a mistake? Or was there one country initially scheduled to participate and which dropped out at a late stage? Sweden seems a likely candidate for the second claim since it broadcast the international final with its own commentator. It debuted one year later. Monaco also broadcast the ESC but only debuted in 1959. ARD press service corrected the number to be ten on a release 11 February 1957. [46]]
Danish kiss (kissing for 12 seconds [44]) at the end of their performance causing a "scandal" [44]: No contemporary reports about that could be found so far. The Frankfurter Rundschau only notes that the Danish performance was "beautifully staged" ("hübsch inszeniert"). [47]
Viewership: 8 million. [44] [where does this come from?]
On the day after the contest, Danish newspaper Politiken claimed that DR had decided not to take part in the contest any longer. [48] [Politiken gives no source nor details whatsoever]
Sandie Shaw's song was published three days prior to the limit set by the official rules for eligible entries. [49] Shortly before the contest, rumours about disqualification of the United Kingdom's entry were exchanged between the delegations in Vienna. [49] => needs more sources to be confirmed to be true
reason for France's absence: "costs too high and outcome [Nutzen] too low". [50] <=> contradicts info in ESC 1982 (which is unsourced). => better or more sources needed
Ralph Siegel's party was held at the Palais Lenbach (= Bernheimer-Haus? Künstlerhaus am Lenbachplatz?). [51]
During Luxembourg's performance, which was the last in the running order, a number of spectators had already left the auditorium to consume sausages and cheese sticks at the food stands in the entrance hall. [52] <=> not visible in original broadcast video, looks as if audience is more or less fully present after Luxembourg's performance
Was Henri Segers part of the jury that selected the ten entries for the national final? Micro magazine's photo seems to suggest that. [53] – however, André Vermeulen doesn't list him as part of this jury. [54] [needs more / explicit sources to be confirmed]
The detailed voting results published by RAI in Radiocorriere no. 12/1956 [55] present some irregularities:
Total score
|
Milan
|
Turin
|
Trieste
|
Bolzano
|
Venice
|
Bologna
|
Genoa
|
Florence
|
Ancona
|
Rome
|
Naples
|
Bari
|
Palermo
|
Cagliari
|
Sanremo
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
"Musetto" | 41 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 1 | ||||||
"Il bosco innamorato" | 77 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 24 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
"La colpa fu" | 88 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 16 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 4 | |||||
"Amami se vuoi" | 163 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 40 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 32 | 11 | ||
"Nota per nota" | 92 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 24 | 16 | 4 | 12 | 4 | |||||||
"Il cantico del cielo" | 30 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||
"Albero caduto" | 76 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 20 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 8 | |||||
"La vita è un paradiso di bugie" | 153 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 16 | 12 | 8 | 4 | 12 | 24 | 12 | 8 | 33 | |
"Due teste sul cuscino" | 20 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||
"Aprite le finestre" | 171 | 24 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 24 | 8 | 8 | 28 | 8 | 20 | 4 | 20 | 11 |
The detailed jury vote table given by Anselmi 2009 seems very dubious for several reasons:
The jury voting was secret. [58] [needs more (serious) sources to be confirmed]
According to the German TV press service, 4,000 songs were submitted for the Sanremo Music Festival 1957. [59] [more references needed to be confirmed]
Decorative stage elements at the Spanish performance were designed by Salvador Dalí. [9] [seems not plausible that they brought with them own stage elements if no-one else did and this was not common in the early years => additional source needed]
She moved to Europe in 1950. [9] [better (high quality) source needed. A Danish newspaper for a Dutch person is not good enough]
The single record of "Refrain" was only published several weeks after the contest. [12] [needs additional citations for verification]
Udsendelsen [...] bød paa international Sangkonkurrence med Deltagelse af Eurovisionens Lande med Undtagelse af Danmark, Storbritannien og Østrig, som havde meldt sig for sent.[The show [...] offered an international song contest with the participation of the countries of Eurovision, with the exception of Denmark, Great Britain and Austria, which had registered too late.]
Udsendelsen [...] bød paa international Sangkonkurrence med Deltagelse af Eurovisionens Lande med Undtagelse af Danmark, Storbritannien og Østrig, som havde meldt sig for sent.[The show [...] offered an international song contest with the participation of the countries of Eurovision, with the exception of Denmark, Great Britain and Austria, which had registered too late.] Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
{{
cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date format (
link)