Bibliography As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following: Is the source from a reliable publication? Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking. Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts. Is the source verifiable? In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source. Is the source independent of the subject? Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations. For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent. Is the source primary or secondary? Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content. Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge. Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia. If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines. If you're creating a new article, consider the following: Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines. In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about. Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations. Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement. Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully. Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully. If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert. Get Help

Bibliography

This is where you will compile the bibliography for your Wikipedia assignment. Add the name and/or notes about what each source covers, then use the "Cite" button to generate the citation for that source.

• Source 1: Carpenter. (2022). Unreliable Watchdog: The News Media and U.S. Foreign Policy. Cato Institute. ^[1]
  • This is a book that covers the United States news coverage of foreign affairs and could be an addition to our article.
• Source 2: Rosenstiel. (2005). Political polling and the new media culture : A case of more being less: Polling politics, media, and election campaigns. Public Opinion Quarterly, 69(5), 698–715. ^[2]
  • This is a peer-reviewed article about the media's use of polling in America. It was published in a journal called "Public opinion quarterly," so might have to be careful if the piece is too opinionated.
• Source 3: Netherland, & Hansen, H. B. (2016). The War on Drugs That Wasn’t: Wasted Whiteness, “Dirty Doctors,” and Race in Media Coverage of Prescription Opioid Misuse. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 40(4), 664–686. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-016-9496-5 ^[3]
  • This is a peer-reviewed article covering the media's influence on opioid misuse that could be a helpful bit of evidence/information.
• Source 4: Awad AlAfnan, M. (2020). COVID 19-The Foreign Virus: Media Bias, Ideology and Dominance in Chinese and American Newspaper Articles. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 9(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.9n.1p.56 ^[4]
  • This is a peer reviewed and published article that talks about the media bias surrounding Covid and the differences in coverage between American and Chinese media reports.
• Source 5: Neumann, M. (2016). Fair and Balanced? News Media Bias in the Photographic Coverage of the. https://markusneumann.github.io/files/MPSA_media_bias_Neumann.pdf (I was able to cite this with an online bibliography website but wikipedia couldn't automatically create a citation so I have to go back in later manually and do this)
  • This source is an article from Pennsylvania State University that analyzes the photographic coverage of the 2016 election.
• Source 6: Bernhardt, L., Dewenter, R., & Thomas, T. (2023). Measuring partisan media bias in US newscasts from 2001 to 2012. European Journal of Political Economy, 102360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2023.102360 ^[5]
  • This source is an article from the European Journal of Political Economy and it talks about the partisan media bias in US newscasts from 2001-2012. This will be good to stay unbiased because it talks about both liberal and conservative media bias.
• Source 7:   Journal of Media Ethics : Exploring Questions of Media Morality. Philadelphia, PA: Taylor and Francis Group, 2015. Print. ^[6]
  • This source is a peer reviewed journal provides issues of recent to very previous journal entries of ethical issues and "biased" perspectives of said issues.
• Source 8:   Plaisance, Patrick Lee. “Media Ethics Theorizing, Reoriented: A Shift in Focus for Individual-Level Analyses.” Journal of communication 66.3 (2016): 454–474. Web. ^[7]
  • As media ethics studies continues to develop, this piece sheds light on how multidisciplinary approaches and work to reexamine important concepts that are essential.
• Source 9:   “Confronting Gender Bias in Nature’s Journalism.” Nature (London) 594.7864 (2021): 473–474. Web. ^[8]
  • This article demonstrates how frequently researchers who analyze the news media have found that women are quoted far less frequently than men.
• Source 10:   DellaVigna, & Kaplan, E. (2007). The Fox News Effect: Media Bias and Voting. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(3), 1187–1234. https://doi.org/10.1162/qjec.122.3.1187
  • This article shows the effects of news sources on voters and how their opinions sway according to what media sources they use.
• Source 11:   Entman. (2007). Framing Bias: Media in the Distribution of Power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00336.x
  • This article shows how media has a strong influence on power and how biases create more divides.
• Source 12:   Raymond, & Taylor, S. (2021). “Tell all the truth, but tell it slant”: Documenting media bias. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 184, 670–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2020.09.021
  • Determining whether media has biases can be challenging. This article describes the different and hard to see biases.
• Source 13: Brenan, Megan. “Americans' Trust in Media Remains near Record Low.” Gallup.com, Gallup, 17 Nov. 2022, https://news.gallup.com/poll/403166/americans-trust-media-remains-near-record-low.aspx\.
  • Shows recent statistics on what percentages of Americans trust the media.

References