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I will be adding information to the Race, ethnicity, and immigration stub found under within the Statistical correlations of criminal behaviour page. I will specifically be focusing on the correlation between race and crime within Canada.

''Race and crime'' has historically been an issue that has been constructed by media. The term ‘race’ has been defined as a group of people who possess common attributes such as physical and mental characteristics that are inherited. ^[1] The similarities within a group of people in a particular race are extremely alike; an analysis criticized by Dr. William A. Bonger stated a crime committed by an individual, in a particular racial group, is found to occur similarly among the rest of the racial group and is therefore classified under presumable racial origins. ^[2] Media and news have constructed these popular ideologies of crime which over-represents these ‘other’ racial groups (besides the European-Caucasian population) and immigrants to commit crimes based on their race/ethnicity. A study conducted by Dixon & Williams (2015) portrayed that the stereotypes established by media made connections with racial groups and crime: African Americans with violent crimes, Latinos with illegal immigration, and Muslims with terrorist activities. ^[3]

Canada is a nation that is distinguishable from other countries due to its diverse, mosaic society. With its increased population of immigrants, a trend claimed in diverse countries, such as Canada, have an increase in crime rate. Immigrants who reside in Canada are all from different countries around the world. However; they are all closely alike due their common interest in finding employment in a Western country that attracts new immigrants.

Canada views the correlation between race and crime to be relevant with its increased crime rate over the years. "A highly publicized homicide involving a white female victim and a black male assailant, the Canadian media began to draw a direct connection between immigration and violent crime." ^[4] Canada welcomes immigrants to migrate into the nation with guarantee of employment and to ultimately fill-up the empty seats within the workforce due to "its aging workforce and declining birthrate" ^[5] The strain model recognizes the process of migration and resettlement into a different country is stressful and immigrants – racial minority immigrants – frequently suffer from social, cultural, political, economic marginalization. ^[6] "Minority groups suffer from discrimination within the criminal justice system. Compared to white people, minorities are more likely to be arrested, convicted, and punished for their behaviour." ^[7]

In 2004, a research report was conducted to portray the federal offenders in Canada and examined the visible minority offenders under the responsibility of the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC). It is a diverse community of offenders. The visible minority groups examined in the study were Black, Asian, and other visible minority offenders in comparison to Caucasian offenders. ^[8]

Asian-grouped offenders include: Asiatic, Chinese, Japenese, Korean, South Asian and South East Asian ethnicity ^[9]

"Other visible minority"-grouped offenders include: Arab West Asian, Hispanic, Filipino, Latin American, East Indian, and "other" ethnicity ^[10]

Caucasian offenders constituted roughly 71% of the offender population in federal facilities (n = 8,787). ^[11]

Aboriginal offenders were the second largest group, composing 18% of the incarcerated offenders (n = 2,243). ^[12]

Black offenders composed about 6% of the total incarcerated offender population (n = 773). ^[13]

“Other visible minority” offenders constituted about 3% of the offender population (n = 334), ^[14]

Asian offenders,the smallest group, made up approximately 2% of incarcerated offenders (n = 277). ^[15]