![]() | This is a user sandbox of
Arccc. You can use it for testing or practicing edits. This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course. To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section. |
Orpiment is a deep-colored, orange-yellow
arsenic
sulfide mineral with formula As
2S
3. It is found in volcanic
fumaroles, low-temperature
hydrothermal veins, and
hot springs and is formed both by
sublimation and as a byproduct of the decay of another arsenic sulfide mineral,
realgar. Orpiment takes its name from the Latin auripigmentum (aurum, "gold" + pigmentum, "
pigment") because of its deep-yellow color.
Orpiment was traded in the Roman Empire and was used as a medicine in China, even though it is very toxic. It has been used as fly poison [1] and to tip arrows with poison. [2] Because of its striking color, it was of interest to alchemists, both in China and the West, searching for a way to make gold. It also has been found in the wall decorations of Tutankhamun's tomb and ancient Egyptian scrolls, and on the walls of the Taj Mahal. [3]
For centuries, orpiment was ground down and used as a pigment in painting and for sealing wax, and was even used in ancient China as a correction fluid. [4] It was one of the few clear, bright-yellow pigments available to artists until the 19th century. However, its extreme toxicity and incompatibility with other common pigments, including lead and copper-based substances such as verdigris and azurite, [5] [3] meant that its use as a pigment ended when cadmium yellows, chromium yellows and organic dye-based colors were introduced during the 19th century.
Orpiment is mentioned in the 17th century by Robert Hooke in Micrographia for the manufacture of small shot. [6]
Scientists like
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy and
Hermann Ambronn puzzled jointly over the amorphous form of As
2S
3, "orpiment glass", as early as 1904.
[7]
Orpiment is used in the production of infrared-transmitting glass, oil cloth, linoleum, semiconductors, photoconductors, pigments, and fireworks. Mixed with two parts of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), orpiment is still commonly used in rural India as a depilatory. It is used in the tanning industry to remove hair from hides.
Orpiment is a common monoclinic arsenic sulfide mineral. It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2 and a specific gravity of 3.49. It melts at 300 °C (570 °F) to 325 °C (620 °F). Optically, it is biaxial (−) with refractive indices of a = 2.4, b = 2.81, g = 3.02.
![]() | This is a user sandbox of
Arccc. You can use it for testing or practicing edits. This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course. To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section. |
Orpiment is a deep-colored, orange-yellow
arsenic
sulfide mineral with formula As
2S
3. It is found in volcanic
fumaroles, low-temperature
hydrothermal veins, and
hot springs and is formed both by
sublimation and as a byproduct of the decay of another arsenic sulfide mineral,
realgar. Orpiment takes its name from the Latin auripigmentum (aurum, "gold" + pigmentum, "
pigment") because of its deep-yellow color.
Orpiment was traded in the Roman Empire and was used as a medicine in China, even though it is very toxic. It has been used as fly poison [1] and to tip arrows with poison. [2] Because of its striking color, it was of interest to alchemists, both in China and the West, searching for a way to make gold. It also has been found in the wall decorations of Tutankhamun's tomb and ancient Egyptian scrolls, and on the walls of the Taj Mahal. [3]
For centuries, orpiment was ground down and used as a pigment in painting and for sealing wax, and was even used in ancient China as a correction fluid. [4] It was one of the few clear, bright-yellow pigments available to artists until the 19th century. However, its extreme toxicity and incompatibility with other common pigments, including lead and copper-based substances such as verdigris and azurite, [5] [3] meant that its use as a pigment ended when cadmium yellows, chromium yellows and organic dye-based colors were introduced during the 19th century.
Orpiment is mentioned in the 17th century by Robert Hooke in Micrographia for the manufacture of small shot. [6]
Scientists like
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy and
Hermann Ambronn puzzled jointly over the amorphous form of As
2S
3, "orpiment glass", as early as 1904.
[7]
Orpiment is used in the production of infrared-transmitting glass, oil cloth, linoleum, semiconductors, photoconductors, pigments, and fireworks. Mixed with two parts of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), orpiment is still commonly used in rural India as a depilatory. It is used in the tanning industry to remove hair from hides.
Orpiment is a common monoclinic arsenic sulfide mineral. It has a Mohs hardness of 1.5 to 2 and a specific gravity of 3.49. It melts at 300 °C (570 °F) to 325 °C (620 °F). Optically, it is biaxial (−) with refractive indices of a = 2.4, b = 2.81, g = 3.02.