From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Voiceless aspirated
Stops
- aspirated
voiceless bilabial stop [pʰ]
- labialized bilabial ejective stop [pʷʰ]
- pharyngealized bilabial ejective stop [pˤʰ]
-
dental ejective stop [t̪ʰ]
-
alveolar ejective stop [tʰ]
- labialized alveolar ejective stop
[tʷʼ]
ⓘ (in Abkhaz, Adyghe,
Ubykh)
-
retroflex ejective stop [ʈʰ]
-
palatal ejective stop [cʰ]
-
velar ejective stop [kʰ]
-
uvular ejective stop
[qʼ]
ⓘ (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Archi, Bats,
Georgian,
Mingrelian,
Laz,
Svan,
Hakuchi, Nez Perce, Quechua,
Tlingit)
- palatalized uvular ejective stop [qʲʼ] (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Ubykh)
- labialized uvular ejective stop
[qʷʼ]
ⓘ (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Archi,
Hakuchi,
Tlingit, Ubykh)
- pharyngealized uvular ejective stop [qˤʼ] (in Archi, Ubykh)
- labialized pharyngealized uvular ejective stop [qˤʷʼ] (in
Archi,
Ubykh)
-
epiglottal ejective
[ʡʼ]
ⓘ (in
Dargwa)
Affricates
-
labiodental ejective affricate [p̪fʼ] (in
Venda)
-
dental ejective affricate [tθʼ] (in Chipewyan, Gwich’in)
-
alveolar ejective affricate
[tsʼ]
ⓘ (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Amharic, Archi, Avar,
Georgian,
Mingrelian,
Laz,
Svan,
Giwi, Gwich’in, Hadza, Hausa, Kabardian, Sandawe, Tigrinya,
Tlingit, Ubykh)
- labialized alveolar ejective affricate [t͡sʷʼ] (in Archi)
-
palato-alveolar ejective affricate
[tʃʼ]
ⓘ (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Amharic, Archi, Avar, Chipewyan,
Georgian,
Mingrelian,
Laz,
Svan, Gwich’in, Hadza, Hausa, Kabardian, Lakota, Quechua, Tigrinya,
Tlingit, Ubykh, Zulu)
- labialized palato-alveolar ejective affricate [t͡ʃʷʼ] (in Abaza, Archi)
-
retroflex ejective affricate
[ʈ͡ʂʼ]
ⓘ (in Abkhaz, Adyghe, Ubykh)
-
alveolo-palatal ejective affricate [t͡ɕʼ] (in Abaza, Abkhaz, Ubykh)
- labialized alveolo-palatal ejective affricate [t͡ɕʷʼ] (in Abkhaz, Ubykh)
-
palatal ejective affricate
[cçʼ]
ⓘ
-
velar ejective affricate
[kxʼ]
ⓘ (in Hadza, Zulu)
-
uvular ejective affricate
[qχʼ]
ⓘ (in Avar,
Giwi, Lillooet)
-
alveolar lateral ejective affricate
[tɬʼ]
ⓘ (in
Baslaney, Chipewyan, Dahalo, Gwich’in, Haida, Lillooet, Nez Perce, Sandawe,
Tlingit, Tsez)
-
palatal lateral ejective affricate [c͡ʎ̝̥ʼ] (in Dahalo, Hadza)
-
velar lateral ejective affricate
[k͡ʟ̝̊ʼ]
ⓘ (in Archi, Gǀui)
- labialized velar lateral ejective affricate [k͡ʟ̝̊ʷʼ] (in Archi)
Fricatives