From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Molbos helped a shepherd to chase away a stork from the grain field while preventing shepherd's big feet from trampling the field

A town of fools is the base of a number of joke cycles found in various cultures. Jokes of these cycles poke fun at the stupidity of the inhabitants of a real or fictional populated place (village, town, region, etc.). In English folklore the best known butt of jokes of this type are the Wise Men of Gotham. A number of works of satire are set in a town of fools.

The Motif-Index of Folk-Literature includes the motif J1703: "Town (country) of fools". [1]

Archetypal fools by place of residence

Towns of fools in satire

  • Mendele Mocher Sforim set some of his stories in a fictional town of Glupsk ("Foolstown", from Russian, ' глупец' for "fool"). Dan Miron suggests [5] that its prototype may be found in a fictional town Ksalon [a], a Biblical name כְּסָלוֹן, Kesalon/Ksalon may allude to the Hebrew word kesil/ksil (כסיל), "fool", [6] [7] from his story Beseter ra'am ( Hebrew: בסתר רעם), [b] a satirical description of life in a shtetl in Russian Empire. Hillel Halkin gave his reasons why during his translation of Beseter ra'am he used the untranslated Hebrew name Ksalon instead of the "low hanging fruit" choice of "Foolsville". [7]
  • In Isaac Mayer Dick 1872 novel Di orkhim in Duratshesok/Duratshtshok (Visitors in Durachok) the "fool's town" is a fictional Russian town of Durachok, where the Russian word дурачок means "little fool". For some reason Dick decided to place Jewish simpletons in a Russian location. [9] In the book Dick draws a comparison of Duratshesok with Chelm saying that Helm has a reputation of vilde harishkeyn (wild foolishness) and gives the examples thereof, which turn out to be retellings of Schildbürger stories and their imitations. [9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ not to be confused with real Ksalon
  2. ^ "Beseter ra'am" is a allusion to an expression in Psalms 81:7 [8] variously translated as "in the secret place of thunder", "hidden in thunder", etc.

References

  1. ^ Stith Thompson, Motif-index of folk-literature : a classification of narrative elements in folktales, ballads, myths, fables, medieval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books, and local legends. J. THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH
  2. ^ Werner Wunderlich, "Schildbürgerstreiche. Bericht zur Lalebuch- und Schildbürgerforschung", In: Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte, vol. 56, 1982, pp. 641–685.
  3. ^ a b The Jests of Hierocles and Philagrius. Translated by Bubb, Charles Clinch. Cleveland: The Rowfant Club. 1920. pp.  50–55.
  4. ^ Edward Portnoy, Wise Men of Chelm, The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe
  5. ^ a b Mikhail Krutikov BERDICHEV IN RUSSIAN-JEWISH LITERACY IMAGINATION:From Israel Aksenfeld to Friedrich Gorenshteyn
  6. ^ David G. Roskies, Against the Apocalypse. Responses to Catastrophe in Modern Jewish Culture, 1999, p. 66
  7. ^ a b Hillel Halkin, "Adventures in Translating Mendele" , JSTOR  20689263
  8. ^ Psalms 81:7
  9. ^ a b Ruth von Bernuth, How the Wise Men Got to Chelm: The Life and Times of a Yiddish Folk Tradition
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Molbos helped a shepherd to chase away a stork from the grain field while preventing shepherd's big feet from trampling the field

A town of fools is the base of a number of joke cycles found in various cultures. Jokes of these cycles poke fun at the stupidity of the inhabitants of a real or fictional populated place (village, town, region, etc.). In English folklore the best known butt of jokes of this type are the Wise Men of Gotham. A number of works of satire are set in a town of fools.

The Motif-Index of Folk-Literature includes the motif J1703: "Town (country) of fools". [1]

Archetypal fools by place of residence

Towns of fools in satire

  • Mendele Mocher Sforim set some of his stories in a fictional town of Glupsk ("Foolstown", from Russian, ' глупец' for "fool"). Dan Miron suggests [5] that its prototype may be found in a fictional town Ksalon [a], a Biblical name כְּסָלוֹן, Kesalon/Ksalon may allude to the Hebrew word kesil/ksil (כסיל), "fool", [6] [7] from his story Beseter ra'am ( Hebrew: בסתר רעם), [b] a satirical description of life in a shtetl in Russian Empire. Hillel Halkin gave his reasons why during his translation of Beseter ra'am he used the untranslated Hebrew name Ksalon instead of the "low hanging fruit" choice of "Foolsville". [7]
  • In Isaac Mayer Dick 1872 novel Di orkhim in Duratshesok/Duratshtshok (Visitors in Durachok) the "fool's town" is a fictional Russian town of Durachok, where the Russian word дурачок means "little fool". For some reason Dick decided to place Jewish simpletons in a Russian location. [9] In the book Dick draws a comparison of Duratshesok with Chelm saying that Helm has a reputation of vilde harishkeyn (wild foolishness) and gives the examples thereof, which turn out to be retellings of Schildbürger stories and their imitations. [9]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ not to be confused with real Ksalon
  2. ^ "Beseter ra'am" is a allusion to an expression in Psalms 81:7 [8] variously translated as "in the secret place of thunder", "hidden in thunder", etc.

References

  1. ^ Stith Thompson, Motif-index of folk-literature : a classification of narrative elements in folktales, ballads, myths, fables, medieval romances, exempla, fabliaux, jest-books, and local legends. J. THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH
  2. ^ Werner Wunderlich, "Schildbürgerstreiche. Bericht zur Lalebuch- und Schildbürgerforschung", In: Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte, vol. 56, 1982, pp. 641–685.
  3. ^ a b The Jests of Hierocles and Philagrius. Translated by Bubb, Charles Clinch. Cleveland: The Rowfant Club. 1920. pp.  50–55.
  4. ^ Edward Portnoy, Wise Men of Chelm, The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe
  5. ^ a b Mikhail Krutikov BERDICHEV IN RUSSIAN-JEWISH LITERACY IMAGINATION:From Israel Aksenfeld to Friedrich Gorenshteyn
  6. ^ David G. Roskies, Against the Apocalypse. Responses to Catastrophe in Modern Jewish Culture, 1999, p. 66
  7. ^ a b Hillel Halkin, "Adventures in Translating Mendele" , JSTOR  20689263
  8. ^ Psalms 81:7
  9. ^ a b Ruth von Bernuth, How the Wise Men Got to Chelm: The Life and Times of a Yiddish Folk Tradition

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