Tilhalit
Asmacık | |
|---|---|
  Tilhalit Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°45′43″N 37°37′46″E / 36.76194°N 37.62944°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Gaziantep |
| District | Oğuzeli |
| Population (2022) | 195 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 ( TRT) |
Tilhalit, also spelled Tell Khalid ( Latin: Trialeth) and officially recognized as Asmacık, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Oğuzeli, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. [1] Its population is 195 (2022). [2] It was a fortress during the 12th century, contested at times by the Crusaders, Zengids and Ayyubids.
The village is inhabited by Abdals of the Kurular tribe. [3]
On 29 November 1114, an earthquake devastated Tell Khalid, along with numerous other places across the region of Aleppo. [4] It was also damaged in the 1138 Aleppo earthquake. [5] In the autumn or winter of 1150, it was captured by the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din from the County of Edessa, a Crusader state, which was entirely conquered by the Zengids and other Muslim powers by July 1151. [6] On 17 May 1183, Saladin, a former emir of Nur ad-Din, turned Ayyubid sultan, captured Tell Bashir as part of his general movement to capture Aleppo, which he besieged four days later, from the Zengids. [7] Saladin's brother, Buri, had already been besieging Tell Khalid, but its town and fortress surrendered without fighting upon Saladin's arrival there. [7] It was thereafter bestowed to Badr ad-Din Dildirim al-Yaruqi, the Turkmen lord of nearby Tell Bashir and ally of Saladin. [7] He continued to hold Tell Bashir well after the death of Saladin, and into the 12th century during the latter's son az-Zahir Ghazi's rule over the Emirate of Aleppo, which included Tell Bashir. [8] By 1218, it was firmly in the possession of az-Zahir Ghazi's son and successor, al-Aziz Muhammad. [9] There is scant information about Tell Khalid in the historical record after the Ayyubid era.
- ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ Peter Alfred, Andrews; Benninghaus, Rüdiger, eds. (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. p. 231.
- ^ Ambraseys 2004, p. 741.
- ^ Ambraseys 2004, p. 744.
- ^ Setton 1969, p. 517.
- ^ a b c Lyons 1982, p. 195.
- ^ Humphreys 1977, p. 82.
- ^ Khoury 1996, p. 56.
- Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (April–June 2004). "The 12th Century Seismic Paroxysm in the Middle East: A Historical Perspective". Annals of Geophysics. 47 (2–3). Istituto nazionale di geofisica: 733–758.
- Chesney, Francis Rawdon (1850). The Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. p. 419.
- Humphreys, Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7.
- Khoury, Nuha Samir (1996). Aleppo and its Historian Kamāl al-Dīn ibn al-ʻAdīm: A Historiographical Examination of bughyat al-Ṭalab fī Taʾrīkh Ḥalab. University of Michigan.
- Lyons, M. C.; Jackson, D. E. P. (1982). Saladin: the Politics of the Holy War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31739-9.
- Setton, Kenneth S. (1969) [1955]. Baldwin, Marshall W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years (Second ed.). The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 9780299048341.
Tilhalit
Asmacık | |
|---|---|
Tilhalit Location in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°45′43″N 37°37′46″E / 36.76194°N 37.62944°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Gaziantep |
| District | Oğuzeli |
| Population (2022) | 195 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 ( TRT) |
Tilhalit, also spelled Tell Khalid ( Latin: Trialeth) and officially recognized as Asmacık, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Oğuzeli, Gaziantep Province, Turkey. [1] Its population is 195 (2022). [2] It was a fortress during the 12th century, contested at times by the Crusaders, Zengids and Ayyubids.
The village is inhabited by Abdals of the Kurular tribe. [3]
On 29 November 1114, an earthquake devastated Tell Khalid, along with numerous other places across the region of Aleppo. [4] It was also damaged in the 1138 Aleppo earthquake. [5] In the autumn or winter of 1150, it was captured by the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din from the County of Edessa, a Crusader state, which was entirely conquered by the Zengids and other Muslim powers by July 1151. [6] On 17 May 1183, Saladin, a former emir of Nur ad-Din, turned Ayyubid sultan, captured Tell Bashir as part of his general movement to capture Aleppo, which he besieged four days later, from the Zengids. [7] Saladin's brother, Buri, had already been besieging Tell Khalid, but its town and fortress surrendered without fighting upon Saladin's arrival there. [7] It was thereafter bestowed to Badr ad-Din Dildirim al-Yaruqi, the Turkmen lord of nearby Tell Bashir and ally of Saladin. [7] He continued to hold Tell Bashir well after the death of Saladin, and into the 12th century during the latter's son az-Zahir Ghazi's rule over the Emirate of Aleppo, which included Tell Bashir. [8] By 1218, it was firmly in the possession of az-Zahir Ghazi's son and successor, al-Aziz Muhammad. [9] There is scant information about Tell Khalid in the historical record after the Ayyubid era.
- ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ Peter Alfred, Andrews; Benninghaus, Rüdiger, eds. (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. p. 231.
- ^ Ambraseys 2004, p. 741.
- ^ Ambraseys 2004, p. 744.
- ^ Setton 1969, p. 517.
- ^ a b c Lyons 1982, p. 195.
- ^ Humphreys 1977, p. 82.
- ^ Khoury 1996, p. 56.
- Ambraseys, Nicholas N. (April–June 2004). "The 12th Century Seismic Paroxysm in the Middle East: A Historical Perspective". Annals of Geophysics. 47 (2–3). Istituto nazionale di geofisica: 733–758.
- Chesney, Francis Rawdon (1850). The Expedition for the Survey of the Rivers Euphrates and Tigris. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. p. 419.
- Humphreys, Stephen (1977). From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7.
- Khoury, Nuha Samir (1996). Aleppo and its Historian Kamāl al-Dīn ibn al-ʻAdīm: A Historiographical Examination of bughyat al-Ṭalab fī Taʾrīkh Ḥalab. University of Michigan.
- Lyons, M. C.; Jackson, D. E. P. (1982). Saladin: the Politics of the Holy War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31739-9.
- Setton, Kenneth S. (1969) [1955]. Baldwin, Marshall W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years (Second ed.). The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 9780299048341.