Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense | |
---|---|
Scientific classification
![]() | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Thermodesulfobacteriota |
Class: | Thermodesulfobacteria |
Order: | Thermodesulfobacteriales |
Family: | Thermodesulfobacteriaceae |
Genus: | Thermodesulfobacterium |
Species: | T. hveragerdense
|
Binomial name | |
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense Sonne-Hansen and Ahring 2000
|
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a bacterial species belonging to genus Thermodesulfobacterium, which are thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria. [1] [2] [3] This species is found in aquatic areas of high temperature, and lives in freshwater like most, but not all Thermodesulfobacterium species [4] [5] It was first isolated from hotsprings in Iceland. [6]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a thermophile, which means that it thrives at high temperatures. It is found in aquatic niches where the temperature is very high and where there is an abundance of sulfur deposits. [4] Thus, they are found in or near volcanic hot springs that are slightly acidic. [4] Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is capable of growing in temperatures that range from 55 °C to 74 °C (131 °F to 166 °C), but their optimal growth temperature is 70-74 °C. [4] Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense thrives in slightly acidic pH levels, with the optimal pH for growth being 6.5-7.0. [5]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense inhabits bacterial mats and, hence, it lacks a flagellum for mobility. [4] The cell is cylindrical, its dimensions being 2.5μm × 0.5μm. [6] [4] This roughly equates to a cell body volume of 1.96 μm3. The cells form chains of up to three cells long, rarely exceeding this number. [4]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense has a phospholipid bilayer membrane. The lipids of the membrane are mainly dietherglycerophospholipids(DEG-P), but there are also many diacylglycerophospholipids(DAG-P) and acyl/etherglycerophospholipids(AEG-P) in the lipid bilayer as well. [7] The bilayer also contains minute amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) compounds in it, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and aminopentanetetral. [7]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is not an anaerobic organotrophic organism, which means that it relies on organic substances for nutrition and it does not require oxygen. Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a sulfur-reducing bacteria. [8] [9] It utilizes sulfate (SO4−2) as electron acceptors, and thiosulfate and sulfite as electron donors. The reducing of sulfur and the elimination the oxygen, yields hydrogen sulfide(H2S). [8] [9] Hydrogen sulfide is responsible for what is referred to as rotten egg smell.
The genome of Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense, has been sequenced via whole genome shotgun sequencing. [10] The genome consists of 1.7 million base pairs(Mbp), and contained a total of 1,810 genes. [10] Specific information about the genome is listed below:
Genome Size: 1,726,173 base pairs
Total Genes: 1,810 genes
Coding Genes: 1,696 genes
Coding Sequences: 1,758 sequences
Protein Coding Sequences: 1,696 sequences
RNA Genes: 52 RNA genes
rRNAs: 1 5s rRNA, 1 16s rRNA, 1 23s rRNA
Pseudogenes: 62 pseudo genes [10]
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Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense | |
---|---|
Scientific classification
![]() | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Thermodesulfobacteriota |
Class: | Thermodesulfobacteria |
Order: | Thermodesulfobacteriales |
Family: | Thermodesulfobacteriaceae |
Genus: | Thermodesulfobacterium |
Species: | T. hveragerdense
|
Binomial name | |
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense Sonne-Hansen and Ahring 2000
|
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a bacterial species belonging to genus Thermodesulfobacterium, which are thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria. [1] [2] [3] This species is found in aquatic areas of high temperature, and lives in freshwater like most, but not all Thermodesulfobacterium species [4] [5] It was first isolated from hotsprings in Iceland. [6]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a thermophile, which means that it thrives at high temperatures. It is found in aquatic niches where the temperature is very high and where there is an abundance of sulfur deposits. [4] Thus, they are found in or near volcanic hot springs that are slightly acidic. [4] Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is capable of growing in temperatures that range from 55 °C to 74 °C (131 °F to 166 °C), but their optimal growth temperature is 70-74 °C. [4] Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense thrives in slightly acidic pH levels, with the optimal pH for growth being 6.5-7.0. [5]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense inhabits bacterial mats and, hence, it lacks a flagellum for mobility. [4] The cell is cylindrical, its dimensions being 2.5μm × 0.5μm. [6] [4] This roughly equates to a cell body volume of 1.96 μm3. The cells form chains of up to three cells long, rarely exceeding this number. [4]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense has a phospholipid bilayer membrane. The lipids of the membrane are mainly dietherglycerophospholipids(DEG-P), but there are also many diacylglycerophospholipids(DAG-P) and acyl/etherglycerophospholipids(AEG-P) in the lipid bilayer as well. [7] The bilayer also contains minute amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) compounds in it, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and aminopentanetetral. [7]
Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is not an anaerobic organotrophic organism, which means that it relies on organic substances for nutrition and it does not require oxygen. Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense is a sulfur-reducing bacteria. [8] [9] It utilizes sulfate (SO4−2) as electron acceptors, and thiosulfate and sulfite as electron donors. The reducing of sulfur and the elimination the oxygen, yields hydrogen sulfide(H2S). [8] [9] Hydrogen sulfide is responsible for what is referred to as rotten egg smell.
The genome of Thermodesulfobacterium hveragerdense, has been sequenced via whole genome shotgun sequencing. [10] The genome consists of 1.7 million base pairs(Mbp), and contained a total of 1,810 genes. [10] Specific information about the genome is listed below:
Genome Size: 1,726,173 base pairs
Total Genes: 1,810 genes
Coding Genes: 1,696 genes
Coding Sequences: 1,758 sequences
Protein Coding Sequences: 1,696 sequences
RNA Genes: 52 RNA genes
rRNAs: 1 5s rRNA, 1 16s rRNA, 1 23s rRNA
Pseudogenes: 62 pseudo genes [10]
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cite journal}}
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