Editors of these journals ( Scientia Ricerca and Auctores) with at least five articles copied without attribution.
- Page stats;
- Wikipedia version: December 29, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: March 3, 2018 Alain L. Fymat, Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Page stats
- Wikipedia version: December 31, 2018
- Asclepius Open: 2019, Alain L. Fymat On Dementia and other Cognitive Disorders
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Example, text on palliative care present on Wikipedia since 2014: [1]
- Internet archive.
- Page stats, 89% Sandy Georgia;
- Wikipedia version: April 26, 2018;
- Scientia Ricerca article: July 24, 2019 Alain L. Fymat
Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy article: October 22, 2019 Alain L. Fymat
https://www.auctoresonline.org/journals/psychiatry-and-psychotherapy/archive/614
- Duplicated text:
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- Article removed by Auctores, archive.org still has it. SandyGeorgia ( Talk) 22:55, 11 August 2020 (UTC)
- Duplicated text:
Earwig copyvio tool
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- Wikipedia version: September 22, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: November 21, 2017 Alain L. Fymat Epilepsy: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Page stats;
- Wikipedia version: July 28, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: December 23, 2017 Alain L. Fymat Parkinson's Disease and other Movement Disorders: A Review
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Dementia with Lewy bodies with 89% of text written by SandyGeorgia, mostly in March and April 2018.
- Wikipedia version 838297446 as of April 26, 2018
- Scientia Ricerca article submitted July 12, 2019 by Alain L. Fymat, and published July 24, 2019
- Duplicated text, comparing Wikipedia version April 2018 with Scientia Ricerce article of July 2019.
These samples are typical of every instance of duplicated text that was copied without attribution and with scant changes – showing the time that went in to building the text, reading all sources, and adding content source-by-source.
Sample 1
From Wikipedia article April 2018:
- Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid testing for Aβ and tau protein that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB.
Development of that paragraph on Wikipedia and editor holding the copyright:
| Wikipedia version |
Editor | Date | Content | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 832130523 | SandyGeorgia | 00:54, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing show up earlier and are more pronounced in DLB than AD. | Karantzoulis 2011 |
| 832230294 | SandyGeorgia | 17:16, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. | Added Walker 2015 |
| 832235580 | SandyGeorgia | 18:04, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. While 74% of patients with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have these deficits, they show up in only 45% of patients with AD. | Added Walker 2015 |
| 835259789 | SandyGeorgia | 15:51, April 7, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, but are more rare in early AD, where they usually occur later. | Added Gomperts 2016 Added Burghaus 2012 |
| 835416896 | SandyGeorgia | 16:01, April 8, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Impairments in visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, but are more rare in early AD, where they usually occur later. | copyedit only |
| 835443904 | SandyGeorgia | 19:04, April 8, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Impairments in visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB. They are less common in early AD, but usually occur later. | copyedit only |
| 837586108 | SandyGeorgia | 19:42, April 21, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid testing for Aβ and tau that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB. | Added Gomperts 2016 |
From Alain L. Fymat, July 2019, Scientia Ricerca article. The yellow highlights are the only text adjustments made in this sample paragraph.
- Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD. It is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon. On the other hand, impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. Further, in AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, where they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing for amyloid-beta and tau protein that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB.
Sample 2
From Wikipedia article April 2018:
- Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias, that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; caregivers should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations rather than arguing over the reality of the hallucination, according to the Lewy Body Dementia Association. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping.
Development of that paragraph on Wikipedia and editor holding the copyright:
| Wikipedia version |
Editor | Date | Content | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 831721014 | SandyGeorgia | 22:44, March 21, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB creates a particular burden on caregivers. | Add Cheng 2017 |
| 831758806 | SandyGeorgia | 02:20, March 22, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the caregiver burden is higher than in Alzheimer's. | Add Mueller 2017 |
| 831935197 | SandyGeorgia | 22:23, March 22, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers. | copyedit typo |
| 832271793 | SandyGeorgia | 22:51, March 24, 2018 | Caregivers and patients should be educated about the increased risks of antipsychotics for people with DLB; if evaluation or treatment in an emergency room is needed, they may be able to explain that "patients with DLB are essentially 'allergic' to haloperidol and other neuroleptics". | Add Gomperts 2016 |
| 832438544 | SandyGeorgia | 01:03, March 26, 2018 | There is little evidence for non-pharmaceutical approaches; more research is needed on early results for exercise to improve physical and cognitive performance. Education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. | Add McKeith et al. 2017 |
| 832575725 | SandyGeorgia | 20:24, March 26, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the caregiver burden is higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers. Caregivers and patients should be educated about the increased risks of antipsychotics for people with DLB; if evaluation or treatment in an emergency room is needed, they may be able to explain that "patients with DLB are essentially 'allergic' to haloperidol and other neuroleptics". | merge some content to new Caregiving section |
| 832618109 | SandyGeorgia | 01:39, March 27, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers, so they should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with VH rather than arguing over the reality of the VH. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping. | Add Boot 2013 to Cheng |
| 835259574 | SandyGeorgia | 15:50, April 7, 2018 | Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias. Caregivers of people with DLB may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe all the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver; conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Coping strategies may help with VH and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. | Add Velayudhan 2017 Add Mueller 2017 Add NINDS Book Add Burghaus 2012 |
| 835807987 | Tryptofish | 22:05, April 10, 2018 | Copyedit for clarity | No new sources added |
| 837634269 | SandyGeorgia | 01:47, April 22, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias, that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; caregivers should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations rather than arguing over the reality of the hallucination, according to the Lewy Body Dementia Association. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping. | No new sources, copyedit |
From Alain L. Fymat, July 2019, Scientia Ricerca article. The yellow highlights are the only text adjustments made in this sample paragraph.
- Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as Pansomnias that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; educating caregivers on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations is more effective than arguing over the reality of the hallucination. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping.
Editors of these journals ( Scientia Ricerca and Auctores) with at least five articles copied without attribution.
- Page stats;
- Wikipedia version: December 29, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: March 3, 2018 Alain L. Fymat, Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Page stats
- Wikipedia version: December 31, 2018
- Asclepius Open: 2019, Alain L. Fymat On Dementia and other Cognitive Disorders
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Example, text on palliative care present on Wikipedia since 2014: [1]
- Internet archive.
- Page stats, 89% Sandy Georgia;
- Wikipedia version: April 26, 2018;
- Scientia Ricerca article: July 24, 2019 Alain L. Fymat
Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy article: October 22, 2019 Alain L. Fymat
https://www.auctoresonline.org/journals/psychiatry-and-psychotherapy/archive/614
- Duplicated text:
Earwig copyvio tool
- Article removed by Auctores, archive.org still has it. SandyGeorgia ( Talk) 22:55, 11 August 2020 (UTC)
- Duplicated text:
Earwig copyvio tool
- Page stats
- Wikipedia version: September 22, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: November 21, 2017 Alain L. Fymat Epilepsy: A Review;
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Page stats;
- Wikipedia version: July 28, 2017;
- Scientia Ricerca article: December 23, 2017 Alain L. Fymat Parkinson's Disease and other Movement Disorders: A Review
- Duplicated text: Earwig copyvio tool
- Dementia with Lewy bodies with 89% of text written by SandyGeorgia, mostly in March and April 2018.
- Wikipedia version 838297446 as of April 26, 2018
- Scientia Ricerca article submitted July 12, 2019 by Alain L. Fymat, and published July 24, 2019
- Duplicated text, comparing Wikipedia version April 2018 with Scientia Ricerce article of July 2019.
These samples are typical of every instance of duplicated text that was copied without attribution and with scant changes – showing the time that went in to building the text, reading all sources, and adding content source-by-source.
Sample 1
From Wikipedia article April 2018:
- Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid testing for Aβ and tau protein that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB.
Development of that paragraph on Wikipedia and editor holding the copyright:
| Wikipedia version |
Editor | Date | Content | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 832130523 | SandyGeorgia | 00:54, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing show up earlier and are more pronounced in DLB than AD. | Karantzoulis 2011 |
| 832230294 | SandyGeorgia | 17:16, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. | Added Walker 2015 |
| 832235580 | SandyGeorgia | 18:04, March 24, 2018 | Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. While 74% of patients with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have these deficits, they show up in only 45% of patients with AD. | Added Walker 2015 |
| 835259789 | SandyGeorgia | 15:51, April 7, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Difficulties with visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, but are more rare in early AD, where they usually occur later. | Added Gomperts 2016 Added Burghaus 2012 |
| 835416896 | SandyGeorgia | 16:01, April 8, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Impairments in visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, but are more rare in early AD, where they usually occur later. | copyedit only |
| 835443904 | SandyGeorgia | 19:04, April 8, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen earlier as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with early DLB confirmed at autopsy have deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Impairments in visuospatial processing are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB. They are less common in early AD, but usually occur later. | copyedit only |
| 837586108 | SandyGeorgia | 19:42, April 21, 2018 | Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD and is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon; impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. In AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, and they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid testing for Aβ and tau that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB. | Added Gomperts 2016 |
From Alain L. Fymat, July 2019, Scientia Ricerca article. The yellow highlights are the only text adjustments made in this sample paragraph.
- Short-term memory impairment is seen early in AD. It is a prominent feature, while fluctuating attention is uncommon. On the other hand, impairment in DLB is more often seen first as fluctuating cognition. While 74% of people with autopsy-confirmed DLB had deficits in planning and organization, they show up in only 45% of people with AD. Further, in AD, it is unclear if executive function is impacted early. Visuospatial processing deficits are present in most individuals with DLB, where they show up earlier and are more pronounced than in AD. Hallucinations typically occur early in the course of DLB, are less common in early AD, but usually occur later in AD. AD pathology frequently co-occurs in DLB, so the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing for amyloid-beta and tau protein that is often used to detect AD is not useful in differentiating AD and DLB.
Sample 2
From Wikipedia article April 2018:
- Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias, that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; caregivers should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations rather than arguing over the reality of the hallucination, according to the Lewy Body Dementia Association. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping.
Development of that paragraph on Wikipedia and editor holding the copyright:
| Wikipedia version |
Editor | Date | Content | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 831721014 | SandyGeorgia | 22:44, March 21, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB creates a particular burden on caregivers. | Add Cheng 2017 |
| 831758806 | SandyGeorgia | 02:20, March 22, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the caregiver burden is higher than in Alzheimer's. | Add Mueller 2017 |
| 831935197 | SandyGeorgia | 22:23, March 22, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers. | copyedit typo |
| 832271793 | SandyGeorgia | 22:51, March 24, 2018 | Caregivers and patients should be educated about the increased risks of antipsychotics for people with DLB; if evaluation or treatment in an emergency room is needed, they may be able to explain that "patients with DLB are essentially 'allergic' to haloperidol and other neuroleptics". | Add Gomperts 2016 |
| 832438544 | SandyGeorgia | 01:03, March 26, 2018 | There is little evidence for non-pharmaceutical approaches; more research is needed on early results for exercise to improve physical and cognitive performance. Education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. | Add McKeith et al. 2017 |
| 832575725 | SandyGeorgia | 20:24, March 26, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the caregiver burden is higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers. Caregivers and patients should be educated about the increased risks of antipsychotics for people with DLB; if evaluation or treatment in an emergency room is needed, they may be able to explain that "patients with DLB are essentially 'allergic' to haloperidol and other neuroleptics". | merge some content to new Caregiving section |
| 832618109 | SandyGeorgia | 01:39, March 27, 2018 | Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers, so they should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with VH rather than arguing over the reality of the VH. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping. | Add Boot 2013 to Cheng |
| 835259574 | SandyGeorgia | 15:50, April 7, 2018 | Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias. Caregivers of people with DLB may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe all the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver; conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Coping strategies may help with VH and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. | Add Velayudhan 2017 Add Mueller 2017 Add NINDS Book Add Burghaus 2012 |
| 835807987 | Tryptofish | 22:05, April 10, 2018 | Copyedit for clarity | No new sources added |
| 837634269 | SandyGeorgia | 01:47, April 22, 2018 | Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as parasomnias, that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; caregivers should be educated on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations rather than arguing over the reality of the hallucination, according to the Lewy Body Dementia Association. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping. | No new sources, copyedit |
From Alain L. Fymat, July 2019, Scientia Ricerca article. The yellow highlights are the only text adjustments made in this sample paragraph.
- Because of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with DLB, the demands placed on caregivers are higher than in AD, but education for caregivers has not been studied as thoroughly as in AD. Contributing factors to the caregiver burden in DLB are psychosis, aggression, agitation, and night-time behaviors such as Pansomnias that lead to a loss of independence earlier than in AD. Caregivers may experience depression, exhaustion, and be in need of support. Other family members who are not present in the daily caregiving may not observe the fluctuating behaviors or recognize the stress on the caregiver, and conflict can result when family members are not supportive. Caregiver education reduces not only distress for the caregiver, but symptoms for the individual with dementia. Visual hallucinations associated with DLB create a particular burden on caregivers; educating caregivers on how to distract or change the subject when confronted with hallucinations is more effective than arguing over the reality of the hallucination. Coping strategies may help and are worth trying, even though there is no evidence for their efficacy. These strategies include having the person with DLB look away or look at something else, focus on or try to touch the hallucination, wait for it to go away on its own, and speak with others about the visualization. Delusions and hallucinations may be reduced by increasing lighting in the evening, and making sure there is no light at night when the individual with DLB is sleeping.