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The article currently has the following statement near the end:
Diet
Scientists do not yet know what these dinosaurs ate. Having very small, ridged teeth they could not have chewed tough, fibrous plants as effectively as other dinosaurs of the same period. It is assumed that pachycephalosaurs lived on a mixed diet of leaves, seeds, fruit and insects. The sharp, serrated teeth would have been very effective for shredding plants.
I hate to find contradictions on Wikipedia as it tends to hurt the credibility, however I'm no dinosaur or dental expert. So.....can we get a ruling on if they're teeth were "not as effective" or "very effective"? Thanks.
75.59.178.61 23:55, 28 October 2007 (UTC)
I totaly agree, because of the shape of its teeth.-- Dinonerd4488 ( talk) 19:41, 13 February 2010 (UTC)
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!
maru (talk) contribs 04:38, 27 July 2006 (UTC)
Sullivan (2006) demonstrated that Tylosteus ornatus Leidy, 1872 is not referrable to Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis and is very similar to Dracorex hogwartsia. Therefore, the ICZN will be asked to resurrect Tylosteus from the list of nomina oblita and nomina rejecta.
Sullivan, R.M., 2006. A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35: 347-365. 72.194.116.63 16:51, 15 April 2007 (UTC) Vahe Demirjian 09.51 15 April 2007
This may be largely semantic, but the use of specific synonyms in the taxobox for a genus-level article doesn't jibe with the way we've been doing it everywhere else. I think the logic here is that on the Pachycephalosaurus, only synonyms at the genus level should be listed. If the article were titled Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (with the appropriate species-level taxobox that uses binomial fields instead of species subdivisions), the specific synonyms would be included. In other articles where a type or other species have synonyms, this is only discussed in the classification section. Dinoguy2 08:04, 15 November 2007 (UTC)
Support:
Comments:
I've done a few dino articles, so I think I'll take a look at this. I gave it a cleanup while I was reading it. I don't think that this is the best dinosaur GA put up by the dedicated Dino group, and I think that it warrants a few fixes before attaining GA status.
Overall, I think that a few expansions and citations are needed to get this up to GA status. Therefore, I'm placing this on hold for now. bibliomaniac 1 5 00:14, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
The description of this [1] image says "Sketch of a pachycephalosaur of uncertain systematical position and still (2003) not formally described. Its remains were found in the "Sandy Quarry" of the Hell Creek Formation, near Buffalo, South Dakota (USA). Initially reconstructed as Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis by Michael Triebold later many attendees of an international symposium referred the remains to Stygimoloch spinifer because of the prominent spikes on the back of the skull. ". Has it been clarified what it is in the meantime? FunkMonk ( talk) 07:29, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
Recently Horner found Stygimoloch and Dracorex being junior synonyms of Pachycephalosaurus Please, read this http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091031002314.htm This is the scientific paper http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007626 This thing finally came out, i REALLY suggest of merging Stygymoloch and Dracorex articles in Pachycephalosaurus article —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.33.240.155 ( talk) 11:03, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
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For some reason it seems to be kind of grey here, but Stygimoloch and Dracorex are recognized as junior synonyms of P. wyomingensis in the literature now. Every recent study since 2009 (at least 5 that I know of) concerning their status has supported their placement in P. wyomingensis, and no rebuttals of papers to the contrary have been published (to my knowledge, at least non ethat I can find or are found here). The Paleobiology Database does not recognize them as valid species, and that, coupled with the fact that studies have supported their synonymy for almost a decade without rebuttal seems reason enough to sink Dracorex and Stygimoloch on Wikipedia.
There's also the fact that keeping the Wikipedia articles for Stygimoloch and Dracorex up is spreading misinformation, and is probably the reason that Stygimoloch got a part in Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom this year. If paleontology recognizes them as invalid, but they are presented as potentially valid here, then these pages are supporting misinformation. For people having seen JW: Fallen Kingdom to search for Stygimoloch and find it has a page and a description is only going to worsen the problem.
For reference: Studies showing synonymy between Dracorex, Stygimoloch, and Pachycephalosaurus
Extreme cranial ontogeny in the Upper Cretaceous dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0007626
Early Ontogeny of Pachycephalosaurine Squamosals as Revealed by Juvenile Specimens from the Hell Creek Formation, Eastern Montana https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20491090.pdf?casa_token=YjatvQe2YagAAAAA:59h470ShUetdvAXGKETffEZdD6v-98Y4RHx9d9oq0Oghjv4XQtI6C8YziigNHz9UIGghvHQacP-4vrStW2qAVa6ORiybnYWchuSrDqGL9Pbozqxbbw
Texacephale langstoni, a new genus of pachycephalosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the upper Campanian Aguja Formation, southern Texas, USA https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30223488/longrich-sankey-texacephale-10.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1529022336&Signature=YQuqNcQENks8TVaOmRwUPMTASeU%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3Di_Texacephale_langstoni_i_a_new_genus_o.pdf
Squamosal Ontogeny and Variation in the Pachycephalosaurian Dinosaur Stegoceras validum Lambe, 1902, from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta https://www.jstor.org/stable/23251281?casa_token=Vzmf2etZIRwAAAAA:CnigYjWZeyoUkgs3UHL2p1PhgUfgXfRYQ88NVA_K6EulrZt7DqfuPmX3XvJOfSDElOAWlg5xyNX76Qhs4S_03OVguu4bkRPQ67bYDcfT5SRaIsXzGQ
The early expression of squamosal horns and parietal ornamentation confirmed by new end-stage juvenile Pachycephalosaurus fossils from the Upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, Montana https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2016.1078343
Don’t you think you’re jumping the gun a bit by lumping ‘’Stygimoloch’’ under ‘’Pachycephalosaurus’’? I mean, they don’t even belong to the same strata. ‘’Stygimoloch’’ is more recent than ‘’Pachycephalosaurus’’ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.75.110.242 ( talk) 05:22, 1 February 2020 (UTC)
It seems there are many. But the article only discusses about the skulls. Dinosaur (talk) 🌴🦕🦖 -- 18:15, 22 May 2020 (UTC)
@ FunkMonk I've been trying to find a source for this. Could you please help? So far I haven't been able to find any articles about the Sandy specimen when searching Paleobiodb with keyword Pachycephalosaurus. I understand it hasn't been described yet but it had to be mentioned somewhere else informally, didn't it? Dinosaur (talk) 🌴🦕🦖 -- 22:38, 27 May 2020 (UTC)
How can P. wyomingensis be the only valid species of Pachycephalosaurus if remains of the genus have been found in south dakota, montana and canada? P. wyomingensis was only from wyoming, hence its name — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk) 20:14, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
If the only species of Pachycephalosaurus is P. wyomingensis, that means that Pachycephalosaurus only lived in the state of wyoming and nowhere else — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk) 20:30, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
But that makes no sense, and makes the species name of P. wyomingensis extremely misleading— Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk • contribs) 98.18.210.108 (UTC)
If Stygimoloch and Dracorex, which are juvenile Pachycephalosaurus, had long spikes coming out of their heads, then obviously Pachycephalosaurus had to have even longer and more impressive spikes as an adult.
A few days, I saw a thread on the Dinosaurs subreddit about a person who was disappointed that the Dracorex page was redirected. (@ Ornithopsis: should know what I'm talking about) This made me realize that while this page comprehensively lists most of the information on P. wyomingensis itself, it lacks information about its famous junior synonyms Stygimoloch and Dracorex. If anyone has time, someone should probably add the discovery history of Stygimoloch and Dracorex from their original pages, and maybe add how they became intertwined with Pachycephalosaurus over the years. (Think of how we added information from Othnielia and Othnielosaurus to the Nanosaurus page when all were synonymized) Thanks in advance. Miracusaurs ( talk) 03:38, 8 July 2021 (UTC)
Why is the type species listed as Troodon and why are edits that change it to Pachycephalosaurus being reverted? Could we settle this dispute here and decide which it should be? Big baboon 272 ( talk) 11:03, 18 October 2021 (UTC)
The name of a type species should be cited by its original binomen. If the name of the type species is, or is currently treated as, an invalid name, authors may also cite its valid synonym.
The taxobox states that the oldest Pachycephalosaurus is about 70 mya. Is it true as far as I know it was restricted to digsites dating 68-66mya. 61.69.150.4 ( talk) 08:31, 13 January 2024 (UTC)
![]() | Pachycephalosaurus has been listed as one of the Natural sciences good articles under the good article criteria. If you can improve it further, please do so. If it no longer meets these criteria, you can reassess it. | |||||||||
|
![]() | This ![]() It is of interest to the following WikiProjects: | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
The article currently has the following statement near the end:
Diet
Scientists do not yet know what these dinosaurs ate. Having very small, ridged teeth they could not have chewed tough, fibrous plants as effectively as other dinosaurs of the same period. It is assumed that pachycephalosaurs lived on a mixed diet of leaves, seeds, fruit and insects. The sharp, serrated teeth would have been very effective for shredding plants.
I hate to find contradictions on Wikipedia as it tends to hurt the credibility, however I'm no dinosaur or dental expert. So.....can we get a ruling on if they're teeth were "not as effective" or "very effective"? Thanks.
75.59.178.61 23:55, 28 October 2007 (UTC)
I totaly agree, because of the shape of its teeth.-- Dinonerd4488 ( talk) 19:41, 13 February 2010 (UTC)
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!
maru (talk) contribs 04:38, 27 July 2006 (UTC)
Sullivan (2006) demonstrated that Tylosteus ornatus Leidy, 1872 is not referrable to Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis and is very similar to Dracorex hogwartsia. Therefore, the ICZN will be asked to resurrect Tylosteus from the list of nomina oblita and nomina rejecta.
Sullivan, R.M., 2006. A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia). New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35: 347-365. 72.194.116.63 16:51, 15 April 2007 (UTC) Vahe Demirjian 09.51 15 April 2007
This may be largely semantic, but the use of specific synonyms in the taxobox for a genus-level article doesn't jibe with the way we've been doing it everywhere else. I think the logic here is that on the Pachycephalosaurus, only synonyms at the genus level should be listed. If the article were titled Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis (with the appropriate species-level taxobox that uses binomial fields instead of species subdivisions), the specific synonyms would be included. In other articles where a type or other species have synonyms, this is only discussed in the classification section. Dinoguy2 08:04, 15 November 2007 (UTC)
Support:
Comments:
I've done a few dino articles, so I think I'll take a look at this. I gave it a cleanup while I was reading it. I don't think that this is the best dinosaur GA put up by the dedicated Dino group, and I think that it warrants a few fixes before attaining GA status.
Overall, I think that a few expansions and citations are needed to get this up to GA status. Therefore, I'm placing this on hold for now. bibliomaniac 1 5 00:14, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
The description of this [1] image says "Sketch of a pachycephalosaur of uncertain systematical position and still (2003) not formally described. Its remains were found in the "Sandy Quarry" of the Hell Creek Formation, near Buffalo, South Dakota (USA). Initially reconstructed as Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis by Michael Triebold later many attendees of an international symposium referred the remains to Stygimoloch spinifer because of the prominent spikes on the back of the skull. ". Has it been clarified what it is in the meantime? FunkMonk ( talk) 07:29, 10 June 2008 (UTC)
Recently Horner found Stygimoloch and Dracorex being junior synonyms of Pachycephalosaurus Please, read this http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091031002314.htm This is the scientific paper http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007626 This thing finally came out, i REALLY suggest of merging Stygymoloch and Dracorex articles in Pachycephalosaurus article —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.33.240.155 ( talk) 11:03, 5 December 2009 (UTC)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
I have just modified 2 external links on Pachycephalosaurus. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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regular verification using the archive tool instructions below. Editors
have permission to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
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(last update: 5 June 2024).
Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot ( Report bug) 21:52, 30 December 2017 (UTC)
For some reason it seems to be kind of grey here, but Stygimoloch and Dracorex are recognized as junior synonyms of P. wyomingensis in the literature now. Every recent study since 2009 (at least 5 that I know of) concerning their status has supported their placement in P. wyomingensis, and no rebuttals of papers to the contrary have been published (to my knowledge, at least non ethat I can find or are found here). The Paleobiology Database does not recognize them as valid species, and that, coupled with the fact that studies have supported their synonymy for almost a decade without rebuttal seems reason enough to sink Dracorex and Stygimoloch on Wikipedia.
There's also the fact that keeping the Wikipedia articles for Stygimoloch and Dracorex up is spreading misinformation, and is probably the reason that Stygimoloch got a part in Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom this year. If paleontology recognizes them as invalid, but they are presented as potentially valid here, then these pages are supporting misinformation. For people having seen JW: Fallen Kingdom to search for Stygimoloch and find it has a page and a description is only going to worsen the problem.
For reference: Studies showing synonymy between Dracorex, Stygimoloch, and Pachycephalosaurus
Extreme cranial ontogeny in the Upper Cretaceous dinosaur Pachycephalosaurus http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0007626
Early Ontogeny of Pachycephalosaurine Squamosals as Revealed by Juvenile Specimens from the Hell Creek Formation, Eastern Montana https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20491090.pdf?casa_token=YjatvQe2YagAAAAA:59h470ShUetdvAXGKETffEZdD6v-98Y4RHx9d9oq0Oghjv4XQtI6C8YziigNHz9UIGghvHQacP-4vrStW2qAVa6ORiybnYWchuSrDqGL9Pbozqxbbw
Texacephale langstoni, a new genus of pachycephalosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the upper Campanian Aguja Formation, southern Texas, USA https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30223488/longrich-sankey-texacephale-10.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1529022336&Signature=YQuqNcQENks8TVaOmRwUPMTASeU%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3Di_Texacephale_langstoni_i_a_new_genus_o.pdf
Squamosal Ontogeny and Variation in the Pachycephalosaurian Dinosaur Stegoceras validum Lambe, 1902, from the Dinosaur Park Formation, Alberta https://www.jstor.org/stable/23251281?casa_token=Vzmf2etZIRwAAAAA:CnigYjWZeyoUkgs3UHL2p1PhgUfgXfRYQ88NVA_K6EulrZt7DqfuPmX3XvJOfSDElOAWlg5xyNX76Qhs4S_03OVguu4bkRPQ67bYDcfT5SRaIsXzGQ
The early expression of squamosal horns and parietal ornamentation confirmed by new end-stage juvenile Pachycephalosaurus fossils from the Upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, Montana https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02724634.2016.1078343
Don’t you think you’re jumping the gun a bit by lumping ‘’Stygimoloch’’ under ‘’Pachycephalosaurus’’? I mean, they don’t even belong to the same strata. ‘’Stygimoloch’’ is more recent than ‘’Pachycephalosaurus’’ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 114.75.110.242 ( talk) 05:22, 1 February 2020 (UTC)
It seems there are many. But the article only discusses about the skulls. Dinosaur (talk) 🌴🦕🦖 -- 18:15, 22 May 2020 (UTC)
@ FunkMonk I've been trying to find a source for this. Could you please help? So far I haven't been able to find any articles about the Sandy specimen when searching Paleobiodb with keyword Pachycephalosaurus. I understand it hasn't been described yet but it had to be mentioned somewhere else informally, didn't it? Dinosaur (talk) 🌴🦕🦖 -- 22:38, 27 May 2020 (UTC)
How can P. wyomingensis be the only valid species of Pachycephalosaurus if remains of the genus have been found in south dakota, montana and canada? P. wyomingensis was only from wyoming, hence its name — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk) 20:14, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
If the only species of Pachycephalosaurus is P. wyomingensis, that means that Pachycephalosaurus only lived in the state of wyoming and nowhere else — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk) 20:30, 4 April 2021 (UTC)
But that makes no sense, and makes the species name of P. wyomingensis extremely misleading— Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.18.210.108 ( talk • contribs) 98.18.210.108 (UTC)
If Stygimoloch and Dracorex, which are juvenile Pachycephalosaurus, had long spikes coming out of their heads, then obviously Pachycephalosaurus had to have even longer and more impressive spikes as an adult.
A few days, I saw a thread on the Dinosaurs subreddit about a person who was disappointed that the Dracorex page was redirected. (@ Ornithopsis: should know what I'm talking about) This made me realize that while this page comprehensively lists most of the information on P. wyomingensis itself, it lacks information about its famous junior synonyms Stygimoloch and Dracorex. If anyone has time, someone should probably add the discovery history of Stygimoloch and Dracorex from their original pages, and maybe add how they became intertwined with Pachycephalosaurus over the years. (Think of how we added information from Othnielia and Othnielosaurus to the Nanosaurus page when all were synonymized) Thanks in advance. Miracusaurs ( talk) 03:38, 8 July 2021 (UTC)
Why is the type species listed as Troodon and why are edits that change it to Pachycephalosaurus being reverted? Could we settle this dispute here and decide which it should be? Big baboon 272 ( talk) 11:03, 18 October 2021 (UTC)
The name of a type species should be cited by its original binomen. If the name of the type species is, or is currently treated as, an invalid name, authors may also cite its valid synonym.
The taxobox states that the oldest Pachycephalosaurus is about 70 mya. Is it true as far as I know it was restricted to digsites dating 68-66mya. 61.69.150.4 ( talk) 08:31, 13 January 2024 (UTC)