November 3: Culture Day in Japan

Truman showing the "Dewey Defeats Truman" headline

• 1793 – French Revolution: Playwright, journalist and outspoken feminist Olympe de Gouges was guillotined.
• 1898 – The Fashoda Incident ended with French forces withdrawing after several months of military stalemate with the British in Fashoda (now in South Sudan).
• 1942 – World War II: U.S. Marines and U.S. Army forces began an attempt to encircle and destroy a regiment of Imperial Japanese Army troops on Guadalcanal.
• 1948 – The Chicago Daily Tribune published the erroneous headline " Dewey Defeats Truman" (pictured) in its early morning edition shortly after incumbent U.S. president Harry S. Truman officially upset the heavily favored governor of New York Thomas Dewey in the presidential election.
• 1957 – The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, carrying the space dog Laika as the first living creature to enter orbit around Earth.