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Earliest mention I've found is 2016. Possibilties to check: Xi Jinping or Wang Huning.

Found article which said Xi "proposed" (提出) it. Simoz999 ( talk) 14:35, 9 March 2023 (UTC) reply

need a better photo for the article - something with the "five identifications" on the wall like I've seen online (but I don't think I'll be able to use without violating copyright) Simoz999 ( talk) 08:59, 12 March 2023 (UTC) reply