A fact from Externalization (migration) appeared on Wikipedia's
Main Page in the Did you know column on 2 March 2022 (
check views). The text of the entry was as follows:
Did you know... that to repel migrants, the European Union has paid hundreds of millions of euros to Libyan partners known to be involved in human trafficking, slavery, and torture?
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The following is an archived discussion of the DYK nomination of the article below. Please do not modify this page. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as
this nomination's talk page,
the article's talk page or
Wikipedia talk:Did you know), unless there is consensus to re-open the discussion at this page. No further edits should be made to this page.
... that the death of
Alan Kurdi is an example of the system of non-arrival of refugees "working as designed"? Source: FitzGerald 2019, pp. 2, 4
ALT1: ... that the European Union has paid the Libyan Coast Guard $455 million to repel migrants despite its known involvement in human trafficking, slavery, and torture? Source: Multiple, see article
Substantial article on good sources, no copyvio obvious. I learned a lot. Much of it, including the original hook, is based on FitzGerald, whose article is sadly under-developed. I am reluctant to pass a hook such as the original that is easily misunderstood by a quote out of context. I also think that "prevent asylum seekers from reaching their borders" would be clearer than current the pipe in the hook. - ALT1: Is the coast guard involved, not the country? - In the article: the EU is not a country. --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
11:24, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Hi Gerda, thanks for the review. For ALT0, I don't consider the hook to be quoting out of context, since FitzGerald states: "Had Alan Kurdi and his family reached Kos, they stood a good chance of being granted asylum in Europe. Unfortunately for them, a system created to keep most refugees from reaching safety in the rich democracies of the Global North worked as designed." FitzGerald is not the only source that supports this statement;
this 2017 paper discusses Kurdi's death and states, "The main reason for unnecessary deaths [including Kurdi's] is the lack of legal avenues to the EU territory", namely because of visa restrictions. If the article cites FitzGerald more than any other source (it's just over 1/3 of citations), that's because FitzGerald has written the best and most comprehensive book on this topic. However, I'm fine if ALT1 is preferred.
I removed any statement in the article that might imply that the EU is a country. The article, and the Kalpouzos source, state that the Libyan coast guard specifically is responsible for the mentioned atrocities. However, many other entities in Libya, such as armed groups, detention centers, etc. are also responsible for serious abuses. (
t ·
c) buidhe14:24, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Thank you for explaining, - I still believe ALT1 is less ambiguous. ref #48 says "The EU Charter of fundamental rights specifically protects against the type of violations faced by migrants returned by the Libyan coast guard to Libya, namely torture (Art. 4), slavery (Art. 5.1.) and refoulement (Arts. 18, 19)." - for my understanding that means, when returned by the Coast Guard, migrants face these atrocities, but I don't see how the Coast Guard is involved in slavery, immediately, I mean. I guess you'll find a way to word that, that unsuccessful migrants face atrocities in Libya. A link to the Coast Guard would help. (It's not a coast guard.) --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
14:41, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
How about ALT1b: ... that to repel migrants, the European Union has paid hundreds of millions of euros to Libyan partners known to be involved in human trafficking, slavery, and torture? That's directly supported by Kalpouzos who says, "In the context of the North Africa migration route, the EU and specific states, most significantly Italy, have struck similar agreements with the government of Libya, but also with sub-state actors such as the Libyan Coast Guard, which are known to be engaging in trafficking, slavery, torture, and other human rights violations." As for coast guards, it depends on the country what the main activity of the coast guard is (in many cases, it is combatting the smuggling of goods or deterring migration). (
t ·
c) buidhe15:36, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Perhaps it's my lack of English, - I still don't see the Coast Guard directly involved in slavery (how?). At this point, I approve ALT1b without digging deeper, - it's general enough to please me. --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
15:53, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
A fact from Externalization (migration) appeared on Wikipedia's
Main Page in the Did you know column on 2 March 2022 (
check views). The text of the entry was as follows:
Did you know... that to repel migrants, the European Union has paid hundreds of millions of euros to Libyan partners known to be involved in human trafficking, slavery, and torture?
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Death, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
Death on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
the discussion and see a list of open tasks.DeathWikipedia:WikiProject DeathTemplate:WikiProject DeathDeath articles
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Discrimination, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
Discrimination on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
the discussion and see a list of open tasks.DiscriminationWikipedia:WikiProject DiscriminationTemplate:WikiProject DiscriminationDiscrimination articles
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Human rights, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
Human rights on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
the discussion and see a list of open tasks.Human rightsWikipedia:WikiProject Human rightsTemplate:WikiProject Human rightsHuman rights articles
This article is within the scope of WikiProject International relations, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of
International relations on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
the discussion and see a list of open tasks.International relationsWikipedia:WikiProject International relationsTemplate:WikiProject International relationsInternational relations articles
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Law, an attempt at providing a comprehensive, standardised, pan-jurisdictional and up-to-date resource for the
legal field and the subjects encompassed by it.LawWikipedia:WikiProject LawTemplate:WikiProject Lawlaw articles
The following is an archived discussion of the DYK nomination of the article below. Please do not modify this page. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as
this nomination's talk page,
the article's talk page or
Wikipedia talk:Did you know), unless there is consensus to re-open the discussion at this page. No further edits should be made to this page.
... that the death of
Alan Kurdi is an example of the system of non-arrival of refugees "working as designed"? Source: FitzGerald 2019, pp. 2, 4
ALT1: ... that the European Union has paid the Libyan Coast Guard $455 million to repel migrants despite its known involvement in human trafficking, slavery, and torture? Source: Multiple, see article
Substantial article on good sources, no copyvio obvious. I learned a lot. Much of it, including the original hook, is based on FitzGerald, whose article is sadly under-developed. I am reluctant to pass a hook such as the original that is easily misunderstood by a quote out of context. I also think that "prevent asylum seekers from reaching their borders" would be clearer than current the pipe in the hook. - ALT1: Is the coast guard involved, not the country? - In the article: the EU is not a country. --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
11:24, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Hi Gerda, thanks for the review. For ALT0, I don't consider the hook to be quoting out of context, since FitzGerald states: "Had Alan Kurdi and his family reached Kos, they stood a good chance of being granted asylum in Europe. Unfortunately for them, a system created to keep most refugees from reaching safety in the rich democracies of the Global North worked as designed." FitzGerald is not the only source that supports this statement;
this 2017 paper discusses Kurdi's death and states, "The main reason for unnecessary deaths [including Kurdi's] is the lack of legal avenues to the EU territory", namely because of visa restrictions. If the article cites FitzGerald more than any other source (it's just over 1/3 of citations), that's because FitzGerald has written the best and most comprehensive book on this topic. However, I'm fine if ALT1 is preferred.
I removed any statement in the article that might imply that the EU is a country. The article, and the Kalpouzos source, state that the Libyan coast guard specifically is responsible for the mentioned atrocities. However, many other entities in Libya, such as armed groups, detention centers, etc. are also responsible for serious abuses. (
t ·
c) buidhe14:24, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Thank you for explaining, - I still believe ALT1 is less ambiguous. ref #48 says "The EU Charter of fundamental rights specifically protects against the type of violations faced by migrants returned by the Libyan coast guard to Libya, namely torture (Art. 4), slavery (Art. 5.1.) and refoulement (Arts. 18, 19)." - for my understanding that means, when returned by the Coast Guard, migrants face these atrocities, but I don't see how the Coast Guard is involved in slavery, immediately, I mean. I guess you'll find a way to word that, that unsuccessful migrants face atrocities in Libya. A link to the Coast Guard would help. (It's not a coast guard.) --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
14:41, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
How about ALT1b: ... that to repel migrants, the European Union has paid hundreds of millions of euros to Libyan partners known to be involved in human trafficking, slavery, and torture? That's directly supported by Kalpouzos who says, "In the context of the North Africa migration route, the EU and specific states, most significantly Italy, have struck similar agreements with the government of Libya, but also with sub-state actors such as the Libyan Coast Guard, which are known to be engaging in trafficking, slavery, torture, and other human rights violations." As for coast guards, it depends on the country what the main activity of the coast guard is (in many cases, it is combatting the smuggling of goods or deterring migration). (
t ·
c) buidhe15:36, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply
Perhaps it's my lack of English, - I still don't see the Coast Guard directly involved in slavery (how?). At this point, I approve ALT1b without digging deeper, - it's general enough to please me. --
Gerda Arendt (
talk)
15:53, 19 February 2022 (UTC)reply