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The article says that he studied in Manila, and then "... Aguinaldo returned to his native Luzon and helped lead an uprising that for a while drove the Spanish from the region." Well, Manila is also part of Luzon, so to where did Aguinaldo return? Maybe to Cavite? Those who know, please correct the text as it does not make geographical sense now. Ctande 21:26, 14 Nov 2004 (UTC)
This should be in the Featured Articles Request. The Norse version of this is much much better than this. Let us do it. Kabitenyo din po kasi ako. Justox dizaola 11:51, 15 July 2006 (UTC)
Should he not have a successor? The Republic fell, though individual general contiued the fight. the position had been abolished so he woul not ha a successor in his constitutional line. 135 would mark another line. also, noriel is here as vice president? Gareon 18:03, 8 August 2006 (UTC) Why did the other countrys didn't want to know about him? 'bakit hindi kinilala si emilio aguinaldo?' TriYa 20:53, 6 November 2006
http://www.filipiniana.net:8080/gallery/albums/userpics/10001/normal_F000000000932.JPG -- 143.166.226.43 05:36, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
I have seen this site with an image of Aguinaldo and the other one which could be useful to the article: http://filamgop.org/_wsn/page2.html. —Preceding unsigned comment added by BritandBeyonce ( talk • contribs) 09:52, 11 November 2007 (UTC)
Emilio Aguinaldo | |
---|---|
1st
President of the Philippines Dictator of the Dictatorial Government [1] President of the Revolutionary Government President of the 1st Philippine Republic | |
In office May 24, 1899 – April 1, 1901 | |
Prime Minister |
Apolinario Mabini (1899) Pedro Paterno (1899) |
Vice President | Mariano Trias |
Preceded by | Newly Established |
Succeeded by | Manuel L. Quezon (position abolished 1901-1935) |
Personal details | |
Born | Official
Malacanang Portrait of General Aguinaldo March 22, 1869 Cavite El Viejo (Kawit), Cavite |
Died | February 6, 1964 Quezon City, Metro Manila | (aged 94)
Resting place | Official Malacanang Portrait of General Aguinaldo |
Political party | Magdalo faction of the Katipunan, National Socialist Party |
Spouse(s) | (1)
Hilaria del Rosario-died (2) Maria Agoncillo |
Parent |
|
Occupation | Military |
I question some of the entries in the current infobox, shown at the right. I hope to avoid having this discussion degenerate along nationalistic POV lines, and ask that other discussion participants also try to avoid that. Having said that, I'll state the problems I perceive, the reasons I think that these are problems, and my suggested solutions:
As it stands, IMHO, the article expresses a POV position that the First Philippine Republic government was a legitimate government of the country. This might be encyclopedic in an article something like Political history of the Philippines (I am surprised to find that a stub article with this name already exists) as a description of one POV held outside of WP, supported by cited supporting sources and contrasted against an alternatively held POV (as also cite-supported) that this was a nascent revolutionary movement which never achieved sovereignty, but I don't think this belongs here.
Comment? Objections to my making changes as outlined above? -- Boracay Bill ( talk) 11:53, 22 February 2008 (UTC)
I've shortened the sentence which read
to read
The article was recently edited to add the ",he thought," bit, which I do not understand and have removed. I've also removed the bit about Silencio Street because there are contradictory accounts regarding the precise location.
Battle of Manila (1899)#Background quotes an eyewitness account of the incident which places the location on the San Juan del Monte bridge, and cites a source for the quote. However, in Manila, the National Historical Institute (NHI) has ordered the transfer of the commemorative marker from the San Juan Bridge to Sta. Mesa, saying that studies by Dr. Benito Legarda, former NHI chair, showed that the shot was fired somewhere between Blockhouse 7 (within Manila’s boundary) and Barrio Santol (Sampaloc District) on the connecting road that is now Sosiego (see Nancy C. Carvajal (
February 4,
2008),
RP-US war actually began in Manila, not San Juan, Philippine Daily Inquirer, retrieved 2008-05-23 {{
citation}}
: Check date values in: |date=
(
help)). Since the info about the precise location of the incident is not important to this article, I thought it best to avoid the conflict here over that point by not mentioning the information. --
Boracay Bill (
talk)
04:41, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
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I'm curious about who this guy was.
Was the ballot stuffed against Bonifacio or not?
Did he take money from the Spanish to retire to Hong Kong?
Facts! Does anyone have the facts???
203.87.178.21 ( talk) 23:37, 18 January 2010 (UTC)
This an old issue... even debate till now Aguinaldo is one of the most controvertial famous personel in the philippine history. Because there are many source but yet doesn't match to it story...the issue against bonifacio is still to be debate until today about the exrcution...on the money well you should find the page (Pact of Biak-na-Bato). FilBox101 ( talk) 02:59, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
The Presidency section gives {{
main|First Philippine Republic}}
, and says, "The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution on January 21, 1899", yet it lists dates prior to 1899 as Presidential and Vice-Presidential term dates (e.g., "1897–1901" for President). The section lists Mariano Trias as Vice President, though the First Philippine Republic had no such office.
this edit changed the presidential start date from January 23, 1899 to March 22, 1897 and inserted "(1897)" for the Vice President.
It appears to me that this article oversimplifies and confuses info re Aguinaldo's presidencies. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 00:33, 24 May 2010 (UTC)
Was there really an honest election to the Presidency of the Katipunan? I believe this election you're saying was a fabricated election which provides a clear example of what future politics would be in the hands of greedy Filipinos. Overwhelming evidence shows that he was a "self-proclaimed" President. He was more effective as a "negotiator" or a "businessman" rather than a President. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kalibkib rollie ( talk • contribs) 09:38, 6 May 2011 (UTC)
Is Aguinaldo a member of the Nazi Party? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 112.204.90.66 ( talk) 06:55, 13 June 2010 (UTC)
No...hes a freemasion also a Nationalist FilBox101 ( talk) 03:01, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
A discussion taking place at Talk:President of the Philippines#Dates of Aguinaldo's term appears to impact this article as well. Some editors of this article may want to comment there. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 02:15, 8 November 2010 (UTC)
This Cluebot reversion, which restored a parenthtical remark apparently expressing unsupported editorial POV "(showing his true colors)", caught my eye. Looking at the section affected, I see that section entirely unreferenced. Searching for the string "true colors", I find another unsupported instance, also apparently editorial POV, located in another completely unreferenced article section. Looking through the article, I see that a number of its sections are completely unreferenced.
As I get time, I plan to read through this article and add references containing page-numbered cites from history books on my bookshelf. As I do that, I plan to edit unsupported article assertions into conformance with info in the supporting sources which I will cite. Two of the books I plan to use are Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1990), History of the Filipino people, R.P. Garcia, ISBN 9789718711064 and Zaide, Sonia M.; Zaide, Gregorio F. (1999), The Philippines: a unique nation, All-Nations Publishing, ISBN 9789716420715. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:09, 22 December 2010 (UTC)
I've done some initial edits here. Some of the changes revised article assertions to conform to info in sources I've cited. I removed a mention of General Luna's death which didn't square with the relative chronology of the deaths Bonifacio and Luna. I've also relocated the Notes section to conform to MOS:APPENDIX. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 06:20, 22 December 2010 (UTC)
I've completed a series of edits as described above. I concentrated on unreferenced sections, and didn't look at some parts of the article. I'll probably revisit this article as I see it on my watchlist, but I've done all I intend to do for the moment. The article could probably use more work. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:56, 23 December 2010 (UTC)
The list of descendants is getting pretty long, and will grow exponentially as more great-great-... generations come along. I suggest that this article adopt inclusion criteria similar to those used by the List of Filipino-Americans article; i.e., "To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are an Aguinaldo descendant or must have references showing they are an Aguinaldo descendant and are notable." Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 00:57, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
I'm virtually certain that the cite-supported material in my rewrite is correct (or at least a better reflection of the material in the cited supporting sources) than the material with which it was replaced, so I'm reverting the IP's last edit. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:29, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Googling around, I see that there may be some disagreement between sources (or perhaps the disagreement is only apparent disagreement).
Aguinaldo apparently said something about a new government in a speech in Cavite on May 24, 1898. I haven't seen the text of the speech, and don't know what he said. A government (an insurgent government, vs. the Spanish government which was in place at that time) was officially established in the "Decree of June 18, 1898, establishing the Dictatorial Government" document mentioned and linked above. This appears, AFAICS, to be the government about which Aguinaldo spoke on May 24. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:54, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Hmmm....
This
This appears to contain a translation of Aguinaldo's May 24th speech.
Wtmitchell
(talk) (earlier Boracay Bill)
17:24, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Digging around online, I found what appears to be the quoted or translated text of a proclamation issued in Cavite by Aguinaldo on May 24, 1898:
"Now that the great and powerful North American nation have come to offer disinterested protection for the effort to secure the liberation of the country, I return to assume command of all the forces for the attainment of our lofty aspirations, establishing a dictatorial government which will set forth decrees under my sole responsibility, assisted by the advice of eminent persons, until these islands are completely conquered and able to form a constitutional convention, and to elect a president and a cabinet, in whose favor I will duly resign the athority."
I have seen this described in various places as "Aguinaldo's assumption of the Dictature", or words to that effect. I think that it is probably fair to describe it in those terms, with appropriate supporting cites and along with the information that Aguinaldo formalized the establishment of the dictatorial government in a decree issued on 18 June (linked in an earlier entry above). As I get time, I'll take a look at relevant WP articles with a view to rewriting the affected portions along these lines. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 20:38, 16 May 2011 (UTC)
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I noticed that the Early life section contained an intro which did not relate to Aguinaldo's early life and which largely duplicated the content of the article's lead section. I've removed the duplicated material. I've preserved the info from that material about his children by his first wife by relocating it to the Personal life subsection, which discusses hsi two marriages.
As a part of this removal, I've removed the charactization in the removed material of the Philippine Revolution as "victorious". This oversimplification distorts the actual situation, I think. The characterization is supported by a source citation and an editorial analysis. I looked at the the supporting source cited and did not find support for the content of the now-removed footnoted editorial analysis. Also, the characterization of the result of the Philippine Revolution as a victory by the revolutionaries seems to be a bit WP:peacockish, particularly in the absence of a characterization of the result of the Philippine-American War in the following sentence of the material removed as a failure for the revolutionaries. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 21:48, 7 December 2011 (UTC)
They should put the "Traitor" on Emilio Biography somewhere, he is what he is a Traitor — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.107.101.206 ( talk) 12:42, 25 April 2012 (UTC)
Donit be bias...he may order the deaths of Bonifacio but never had been a traitor to the country. FilBox101 ( talk) 03:01, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
I would like to see more on his attitude towards the Japanese Occupation, and what position he held in the Occupation Authority. All the article says is that he was ‘accused of collaboration’ after the war. What happened, exactly? 2A00:23C7:E284:CF00:AC97:748B:F4A8:7190 ( talk) 12:58, 26 February 2021 (UTC)
This is a WP:BRD discussion re the final part the caption of the File:Uncle Sam & Emilio Aguinaldo.jpg image in the article. As inserted here by Alicekim53, it read
... at the end of the Philippine-American War, Aguinaldo would surrender control of the Philippines to the United States, which then annexed the country.
I boldly changed this here to read
"... at the end of the Philippine-American War, Aguinaldo would be captured by U.S. forces.
with an edit summary saying, "(1) Aguinaldo didn't have control of the country; he headed an insurgent revolutionary movement. (2) The country had been ceded by Spain to the U.S. in 1898."
That was reverted here by Arius1998, with an edit summary saying, "The Republic do exercise control on the majority if not the whole country. The Americans had only controlled Manila and Cavite to start with."
The article is speaking of the situation in 1901/1902 here, not 1898/1899. It would be fair to say that physical control of the country rested with Aguinaldo as of the February 4, 1899 outbreak of hostilities between the US and Aguinaldo's insurgent Philippine Republic government. From that point on, the US established wider and wider physical control. By late 1899, Aguinaldo was shifting his capital from place to place and being pursued by US forces. On 13 November 1899, at Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, he decided to disperse his army, decentralize command, and shift to guerilla war. Sometime in November, Aguinaldo would have passed through Tirad Pass on his way to Palanan, Isabela, where he was captured by US forces on March 23, 1901. On April 1, 1901, Aguinaldo swore an oath accepting the authority of the United States over the Philippines and pledging his allegiance to the American government. On April 19, he issued a Proclamation of Formal Surrender to the United States, telling his followers to lay down their weapons and give up the fight. There was no annexation of the Philippines by the US sometime after Aguinaldo's capture. (more detail in the articles on History of the Philippines (1898–1946), Philippine–American War, Campaigns of the Philippine Insurrection, and sources cited there)
As far as de-jure control goes, the situation as I understand it is
More detail on that in the Timeline of Philippine sovereignty article and sources cited there.
The caption as it currently reads is simply inaccurate. That needs to be remedied. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 05:52, 3 July 2012 (UTC)
From some of the comments above it is clear that Aguinaldo doesn't enjoy universal acclaim, or anything approaching it. The 1935 election results for instance show him gaining only one in seven of the popular vote, a distant second to Quezon.
For this reason I find some of the adulatory content of this article not representative of a neutral point of view. I think it unbalanced, and the voice of opprobrium should be included: it is not satisfactory to delete all dissent because uncited, no more than a lot of the current material is uncited too but remains. Better to incorporate it (although perhaps not in such baldly inflammatory words), noting that differences of opinion exist.
John of Cromer in China ( talk) mytime= Thu 09:52, wikitime= 01:52, 20 December 2012 (UTC)
Going by the dates mentioned therein, the section presently headed Presidency appears to contain a mishmash of information from several insurgent movements headed by Aguinaldo. Note a in the Notes section of the article, which concerns itself with the beginning date of Aguinaldo's term as president of the First Philippine Republic, capsulizes some details regarding this mishmash. That note presently and reads as follows:
23 January 1899 was the date of Aguinaldo's inauguration as President of the First Philippine Republic. He had previously held positions as President of a Revolutionary Government from 22 March 1897 to 1 November 1897, President of the Biak-na-Bato Republic from 2 November 1897 to 15 December 1897, Head of a Dictatorial Government from 24 May 1898 to 22 June 1898, and President of another Revolutionary Government from 23 June 1898 to 22 January 1899. [3]
- ^ Philippine Legislature:100 Years, Cesar Pobre
- ^ Guevara 1972, p. 10 .
- ^ "Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library.
The Presidency section has a summary style link to the First Philippine Republic article, but that article only relates to one of Aguinaldo's administrative terms in several insurgencies, and some of the info in the Presidency section and its Administration and cabinet subsection relates to his administrations in insurgencies predating the First Philippine Republic. The Presidency section and its Administration and cabinet subsection need to be reorganized and/or rewritten.
I'll make a first-cut suggestion: perhaps the section presently headed Presidency could be re-titled as Revolutionary and political career or some such, with information about Aguinaldo's career prior to the First Philippine Republic added in new chronologically-arranged subsections and information presently in the Presidency section relocated to appropriate subsections.
Comments? Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:00, 26 January 2013 (UTC)
I don't think 'insurgency' is the right word, as that connotes some sort of invasion from outside the country. I think 'insurrection' would be better - a kind of mutiny.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Fri 15:02, wikitime=
07:02, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
I've boldly just completed a rewrite of the central part of this article. I've tried to cast the article more as a summary style article about Emilio Aguinaldo, and less as a collection of observations about Philippine historical tidbits in which Aguinaldo was a player which are better covered in detail in other articles. I've removed quite a bit of material which didn't directly relate to Aguinaldo. More work needs to be done, particularly with regard to regularizing the hodgepodge of Ref and Cte styles, and I'll probably do some work on that later. Meantime, I'll pause and invite discussion here. Re the suggestion by Arius1998 in the preceding section, I've eliminated the Presidency section, as Aguinaldo held positions titled "President" in several insurgencies. I've tried to describe his leadership position in those insurgencies in seperate sections ordered chronologically. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:06, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
I don't care at all for the word 'player' as this implies it's all a game. Participant would be better.
Basically footnotes should expand on text, whereas references should only be citations to other work. I did a lot of amendment not long ago. I hate the Harvard reference style, because it bloats the reference list by repeating an element each time it's used. Better to use the full citation, such as I do, and {{ rp}} where necessary.
Your spelling's a bit iffy.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Mon 17:54, wikitime=
09:54, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
You might care to ponder the box at the bottom, which tells us
Preceded by
Andrés Bonifacio
as president of the Unofficial Presidents of the Philippines
BTW, someone kindly deleted a redirect page (after someone else kindly moved the page), so I have had to put some of the citations right.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Tue 20:34, wikitime=
12:34, 29 January 2013 (UTC)
I said earlier that I would probably come back to do some work on regularizing Ref and Cite styles in this article. I've now done that. There were only three Refs which used Harvard referencing, all citing the same source. I've converted those to use {{ rp}} instead, though I don't really like that style. In the process, I found that the Refs which use transclusion seem to be incompatible with list-defined references. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 07:09, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
My hour is up at the internet cafe. I'll write tomorrow
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Wed 20:46, wikitime=
12:46, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
Besides correcting a few typos and formatting errors, I changed to dates to {{ date}} - my understanding is that this display the date according to user's local preferences.
The full citations that you changed don't display very sensibly. I think it would be better just to quote an actual page number, and leave it to the reader to do some research - no need to wipe their noses for them.
I'm not a great fan of
list-defined references but I can't see how transclusion could affect it. What did throw things awry was that someone deleted the redirect page (necessary because someone else moved the page). I don't know why the deletion, it doesn't make sense to me, as it must be trivially small.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Thu 20:05, wikitime=
12:05, 31 January 2013 (UTC)
Couple more harvards you missed.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sat 20:34, wikitime=
12:34, 2 February 2013 (UTC)
I tried list-defined references in my sandbox and it worked fine with transclusions. It must have been that deleted redirect page which put the kibosh on it earlier.
I've added a heap more works to the transclusion citations page
Wikipedia:Tambayan Philippines/History of the Philippines (citations). Most of them quite old, because I used the bibliography from a 1970 version of something by Zaide. He wrote plenty, eh? Not sure I really like his not unbiased style.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sun 13:58, wikitime=
05:58, 10 February 2013 (UTC)
I just realised that you hacked out the section on education. I think some of it was worth keeping.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sat 18:08, wikitime=
10:08, 23 February 2013 (UTC)
What do you think of the guy who in the last few days has gone through removing freemasonry tags from about 200 people, including this one? Personally I think it is a defining characteristic, and it enables otherwise hidden threads to be seen
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Fri 16:20, wikitime=
08:20, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
This article needs more info about the Spanish-American War. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.209.51.46 ( talk) 22:47, 7 May 2013 (UTC)
I think that started when the 1st Philippine Republic...had an unofficial allied it self to the U.S. FilBox101 ( talk) 00:58, 22 September 2015 (UTC)
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I've reverted this edit, which had added an unsourced assertion. I had gone looking for a supporting source, but came up with this which, at the top of page 186, seems to say that Aguinaldo was never formally exonorated. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 04:47, 17 June 2017 (UTC)
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Please see the discussion at Talk:Prime Minister of the Philippines#Prime Minister office assertions prior to 1978 appear problematic and comment there as appropriate. Thank you. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 15:30, 16 July 2019 (UTC)
Who is "Luna"? There are no wiki-links nor even a full name in the above section. 155.4.96.9 ( talk) 11:04, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
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The article says that he studied in Manila, and then "... Aguinaldo returned to his native Luzon and helped lead an uprising that for a while drove the Spanish from the region." Well, Manila is also part of Luzon, so to where did Aguinaldo return? Maybe to Cavite? Those who know, please correct the text as it does not make geographical sense now. Ctande 21:26, 14 Nov 2004 (UTC)
This should be in the Featured Articles Request. The Norse version of this is much much better than this. Let us do it. Kabitenyo din po kasi ako. Justox dizaola 11:51, 15 July 2006 (UTC)
Should he not have a successor? The Republic fell, though individual general contiued the fight. the position had been abolished so he woul not ha a successor in his constitutional line. 135 would mark another line. also, noriel is here as vice president? Gareon 18:03, 8 August 2006 (UTC) Why did the other countrys didn't want to know about him? 'bakit hindi kinilala si emilio aguinaldo?' TriYa 20:53, 6 November 2006
http://www.filipiniana.net:8080/gallery/albums/userpics/10001/normal_F000000000932.JPG -- 143.166.226.43 05:36, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
I have seen this site with an image of Aguinaldo and the other one which could be useful to the article: http://filamgop.org/_wsn/page2.html. —Preceding unsigned comment added by BritandBeyonce ( talk • contribs) 09:52, 11 November 2007 (UTC)
Emilio Aguinaldo | |
---|---|
1st
President of the Philippines Dictator of the Dictatorial Government [1] President of the Revolutionary Government President of the 1st Philippine Republic | |
In office May 24, 1899 – April 1, 1901 | |
Prime Minister |
Apolinario Mabini (1899) Pedro Paterno (1899) |
Vice President | Mariano Trias |
Preceded by | Newly Established |
Succeeded by | Manuel L. Quezon (position abolished 1901-1935) |
Personal details | |
Born | Official
Malacanang Portrait of General Aguinaldo March 22, 1869 Cavite El Viejo (Kawit), Cavite |
Died | February 6, 1964 Quezon City, Metro Manila | (aged 94)
Resting place | Official Malacanang Portrait of General Aguinaldo |
Political party | Magdalo faction of the Katipunan, National Socialist Party |
Spouse(s) | (1)
Hilaria del Rosario-died (2) Maria Agoncillo |
Parent |
|
Occupation | Military |
I question some of the entries in the current infobox, shown at the right. I hope to avoid having this discussion degenerate along nationalistic POV lines, and ask that other discussion participants also try to avoid that. Having said that, I'll state the problems I perceive, the reasons I think that these are problems, and my suggested solutions:
As it stands, IMHO, the article expresses a POV position that the First Philippine Republic government was a legitimate government of the country. This might be encyclopedic in an article something like Political history of the Philippines (I am surprised to find that a stub article with this name already exists) as a description of one POV held outside of WP, supported by cited supporting sources and contrasted against an alternatively held POV (as also cite-supported) that this was a nascent revolutionary movement which never achieved sovereignty, but I don't think this belongs here.
Comment? Objections to my making changes as outlined above? -- Boracay Bill ( talk) 11:53, 22 February 2008 (UTC)
I've shortened the sentence which read
to read
The article was recently edited to add the ",he thought," bit, which I do not understand and have removed. I've also removed the bit about Silencio Street because there are contradictory accounts regarding the precise location.
Battle of Manila (1899)#Background quotes an eyewitness account of the incident which places the location on the San Juan del Monte bridge, and cites a source for the quote. However, in Manila, the National Historical Institute (NHI) has ordered the transfer of the commemorative marker from the San Juan Bridge to Sta. Mesa, saying that studies by Dr. Benito Legarda, former NHI chair, showed that the shot was fired somewhere between Blockhouse 7 (within Manila’s boundary) and Barrio Santol (Sampaloc District) on the connecting road that is now Sosiego (see Nancy C. Carvajal (
February 4,
2008),
RP-US war actually began in Manila, not San Juan, Philippine Daily Inquirer, retrieved 2008-05-23 {{
citation}}
: Check date values in: |date=
(
help)). Since the info about the precise location of the incident is not important to this article, I thought it best to avoid the conflict here over that point by not mentioning the information. --
Boracay Bill (
talk)
04:41, 24 May 2008 (UTC)
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I'm curious about who this guy was.
Was the ballot stuffed against Bonifacio or not?
Did he take money from the Spanish to retire to Hong Kong?
Facts! Does anyone have the facts???
203.87.178.21 ( talk) 23:37, 18 January 2010 (UTC)
This an old issue... even debate till now Aguinaldo is one of the most controvertial famous personel in the philippine history. Because there are many source but yet doesn't match to it story...the issue against bonifacio is still to be debate until today about the exrcution...on the money well you should find the page (Pact of Biak-na-Bato). FilBox101 ( talk) 02:59, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
The Presidency section gives {{
main|First Philippine Republic}}
, and says, "The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution on January 21, 1899", yet it lists dates prior to 1899 as Presidential and Vice-Presidential term dates (e.g., "1897–1901" for President). The section lists Mariano Trias as Vice President, though the First Philippine Republic had no such office.
this edit changed the presidential start date from January 23, 1899 to March 22, 1897 and inserted "(1897)" for the Vice President.
It appears to me that this article oversimplifies and confuses info re Aguinaldo's presidencies. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 00:33, 24 May 2010 (UTC)
Was there really an honest election to the Presidency of the Katipunan? I believe this election you're saying was a fabricated election which provides a clear example of what future politics would be in the hands of greedy Filipinos. Overwhelming evidence shows that he was a "self-proclaimed" President. He was more effective as a "negotiator" or a "businessman" rather than a President. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kalibkib rollie ( talk • contribs) 09:38, 6 May 2011 (UTC)
Is Aguinaldo a member of the Nazi Party? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 112.204.90.66 ( talk) 06:55, 13 June 2010 (UTC)
No...hes a freemasion also a Nationalist FilBox101 ( talk) 03:01, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
A discussion taking place at Talk:President of the Philippines#Dates of Aguinaldo's term appears to impact this article as well. Some editors of this article may want to comment there. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 02:15, 8 November 2010 (UTC)
This Cluebot reversion, which restored a parenthtical remark apparently expressing unsupported editorial POV "(showing his true colors)", caught my eye. Looking at the section affected, I see that section entirely unreferenced. Searching for the string "true colors", I find another unsupported instance, also apparently editorial POV, located in another completely unreferenced article section. Looking through the article, I see that a number of its sections are completely unreferenced.
As I get time, I plan to read through this article and add references containing page-numbered cites from history books on my bookshelf. As I do that, I plan to edit unsupported article assertions into conformance with info in the supporting sources which I will cite. Two of the books I plan to use are Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1990), History of the Filipino people, R.P. Garcia, ISBN 9789718711064 and Zaide, Sonia M.; Zaide, Gregorio F. (1999), The Philippines: a unique nation, All-Nations Publishing, ISBN 9789716420715. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:09, 22 December 2010 (UTC)
I've done some initial edits here. Some of the changes revised article assertions to conform to info in sources I've cited. I removed a mention of General Luna's death which didn't square with the relative chronology of the deaths Bonifacio and Luna. I've also relocated the Notes section to conform to MOS:APPENDIX. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 06:20, 22 December 2010 (UTC)
I've completed a series of edits as described above. I concentrated on unreferenced sections, and didn't look at some parts of the article. I'll probably revisit this article as I see it on my watchlist, but I've done all I intend to do for the moment. The article could probably use more work. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:56, 23 December 2010 (UTC)
The list of descendants is getting pretty long, and will grow exponentially as more great-great-... generations come along. I suggest that this article adopt inclusion criteria similar to those used by the List of Filipino-Americans article; i.e., "To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are an Aguinaldo descendant or must have references showing they are an Aguinaldo descendant and are notable." Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 00:57, 8 March 2011 (UTC)
I'm virtually certain that the cite-supported material in my rewrite is correct (or at least a better reflection of the material in the cited supporting sources) than the material with which it was replaced, so I'm reverting the IP's last edit. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:29, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Googling around, I see that there may be some disagreement between sources (or perhaps the disagreement is only apparent disagreement).
Aguinaldo apparently said something about a new government in a speech in Cavite on May 24, 1898. I haven't seen the text of the speech, and don't know what he said. A government (an insurgent government, vs. the Spanish government which was in place at that time) was officially established in the "Decree of June 18, 1898, establishing the Dictatorial Government" document mentioned and linked above. This appears, AFAICS, to be the government about which Aguinaldo spoke on May 24. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:54, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Hmmm....
This
This appears to contain a translation of Aguinaldo's May 24th speech.
Wtmitchell
(talk) (earlier Boracay Bill)
17:24, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
Digging around online, I found what appears to be the quoted or translated text of a proclamation issued in Cavite by Aguinaldo on May 24, 1898:
"Now that the great and powerful North American nation have come to offer disinterested protection for the effort to secure the liberation of the country, I return to assume command of all the forces for the attainment of our lofty aspirations, establishing a dictatorial government which will set forth decrees under my sole responsibility, assisted by the advice of eminent persons, until these islands are completely conquered and able to form a constitutional convention, and to elect a president and a cabinet, in whose favor I will duly resign the athority."
I have seen this described in various places as "Aguinaldo's assumption of the Dictature", or words to that effect. I think that it is probably fair to describe it in those terms, with appropriate supporting cites and along with the information that Aguinaldo formalized the establishment of the dictatorial government in a decree issued on 18 June (linked in an earlier entry above). As I get time, I'll take a look at relevant WP articles with a view to rewriting the affected portions along these lines. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 20:38, 16 May 2011 (UTC)
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I noticed that the Early life section contained an intro which did not relate to Aguinaldo's early life and which largely duplicated the content of the article's lead section. I've removed the duplicated material. I've preserved the info from that material about his children by his first wife by relocating it to the Personal life subsection, which discusses hsi two marriages.
As a part of this removal, I've removed the charactization in the removed material of the Philippine Revolution as "victorious". This oversimplification distorts the actual situation, I think. The characterization is supported by a source citation and an editorial analysis. I looked at the the supporting source cited and did not find support for the content of the now-removed footnoted editorial analysis. Also, the characterization of the result of the Philippine Revolution as a victory by the revolutionaries seems to be a bit WP:peacockish, particularly in the absence of a characterization of the result of the Philippine-American War in the following sentence of the material removed as a failure for the revolutionaries. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 21:48, 7 December 2011 (UTC)
They should put the "Traitor" on Emilio Biography somewhere, he is what he is a Traitor — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.107.101.206 ( talk) 12:42, 25 April 2012 (UTC)
Donit be bias...he may order the deaths of Bonifacio but never had been a traitor to the country. FilBox101 ( talk) 03:01, 8 August 2015 (UTC)
I would like to see more on his attitude towards the Japanese Occupation, and what position he held in the Occupation Authority. All the article says is that he was ‘accused of collaboration’ after the war. What happened, exactly? 2A00:23C7:E284:CF00:AC97:748B:F4A8:7190 ( talk) 12:58, 26 February 2021 (UTC)
This is a WP:BRD discussion re the final part the caption of the File:Uncle Sam & Emilio Aguinaldo.jpg image in the article. As inserted here by Alicekim53, it read
... at the end of the Philippine-American War, Aguinaldo would surrender control of the Philippines to the United States, which then annexed the country.
I boldly changed this here to read
"... at the end of the Philippine-American War, Aguinaldo would be captured by U.S. forces.
with an edit summary saying, "(1) Aguinaldo didn't have control of the country; he headed an insurgent revolutionary movement. (2) The country had been ceded by Spain to the U.S. in 1898."
That was reverted here by Arius1998, with an edit summary saying, "The Republic do exercise control on the majority if not the whole country. The Americans had only controlled Manila and Cavite to start with."
The article is speaking of the situation in 1901/1902 here, not 1898/1899. It would be fair to say that physical control of the country rested with Aguinaldo as of the February 4, 1899 outbreak of hostilities between the US and Aguinaldo's insurgent Philippine Republic government. From that point on, the US established wider and wider physical control. By late 1899, Aguinaldo was shifting his capital from place to place and being pursued by US forces. On 13 November 1899, at Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, he decided to disperse his army, decentralize command, and shift to guerilla war. Sometime in November, Aguinaldo would have passed through Tirad Pass on his way to Palanan, Isabela, where he was captured by US forces on March 23, 1901. On April 1, 1901, Aguinaldo swore an oath accepting the authority of the United States over the Philippines and pledging his allegiance to the American government. On April 19, he issued a Proclamation of Formal Surrender to the United States, telling his followers to lay down their weapons and give up the fight. There was no annexation of the Philippines by the US sometime after Aguinaldo's capture. (more detail in the articles on History of the Philippines (1898–1946), Philippine–American War, Campaigns of the Philippine Insurrection, and sources cited there)
As far as de-jure control goes, the situation as I understand it is
More detail on that in the Timeline of Philippine sovereignty article and sources cited there.
The caption as it currently reads is simply inaccurate. That needs to be remedied. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 05:52, 3 July 2012 (UTC)
From some of the comments above it is clear that Aguinaldo doesn't enjoy universal acclaim, or anything approaching it. The 1935 election results for instance show him gaining only one in seven of the popular vote, a distant second to Quezon.
For this reason I find some of the adulatory content of this article not representative of a neutral point of view. I think it unbalanced, and the voice of opprobrium should be included: it is not satisfactory to delete all dissent because uncited, no more than a lot of the current material is uncited too but remains. Better to incorporate it (although perhaps not in such baldly inflammatory words), noting that differences of opinion exist.
John of Cromer in China ( talk) mytime= Thu 09:52, wikitime= 01:52, 20 December 2012 (UTC)
Going by the dates mentioned therein, the section presently headed Presidency appears to contain a mishmash of information from several insurgent movements headed by Aguinaldo. Note a in the Notes section of the article, which concerns itself with the beginning date of Aguinaldo's term as president of the First Philippine Republic, capsulizes some details regarding this mishmash. That note presently and reads as follows:
23 January 1899 was the date of Aguinaldo's inauguration as President of the First Philippine Republic. He had previously held positions as President of a Revolutionary Government from 22 March 1897 to 1 November 1897, President of the Biak-na-Bato Republic from 2 November 1897 to 15 December 1897, Head of a Dictatorial Government from 24 May 1898 to 22 June 1898, and President of another Revolutionary Government from 23 June 1898 to 22 January 1899. [3]
- ^ Philippine Legislature:100 Years, Cesar Pobre
- ^ Guevara 1972, p. 10 .
- ^ "Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library.
The Presidency section has a summary style link to the First Philippine Republic article, but that article only relates to one of Aguinaldo's administrative terms in several insurgencies, and some of the info in the Presidency section and its Administration and cabinet subsection relates to his administrations in insurgencies predating the First Philippine Republic. The Presidency section and its Administration and cabinet subsection need to be reorganized and/or rewritten.
I'll make a first-cut suggestion: perhaps the section presently headed Presidency could be re-titled as Revolutionary and political career or some such, with information about Aguinaldo's career prior to the First Philippine Republic added in new chronologically-arranged subsections and information presently in the Presidency section relocated to appropriate subsections.
Comments? Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 16:00, 26 January 2013 (UTC)
I don't think 'insurgency' is the right word, as that connotes some sort of invasion from outside the country. I think 'insurrection' would be better - a kind of mutiny.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Fri 15:02, wikitime=
07:02, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
I've boldly just completed a rewrite of the central part of this article. I've tried to cast the article more as a summary style article about Emilio Aguinaldo, and less as a collection of observations about Philippine historical tidbits in which Aguinaldo was a player which are better covered in detail in other articles. I've removed quite a bit of material which didn't directly relate to Aguinaldo. More work needs to be done, particularly with regard to regularizing the hodgepodge of Ref and Cte styles, and I'll probably do some work on that later. Meantime, I'll pause and invite discussion here. Re the suggestion by Arius1998 in the preceding section, I've eliminated the Presidency section, as Aguinaldo held positions titled "President" in several insurgencies. I've tried to describe his leadership position in those insurgencies in seperate sections ordered chronologically. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 03:06, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
I don't care at all for the word 'player' as this implies it's all a game. Participant would be better.
Basically footnotes should expand on text, whereas references should only be citations to other work. I did a lot of amendment not long ago. I hate the Harvard reference style, because it bloats the reference list by repeating an element each time it's used. Better to use the full citation, such as I do, and {{ rp}} where necessary.
Your spelling's a bit iffy.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Mon 17:54, wikitime=
09:54, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
You might care to ponder the box at the bottom, which tells us
Preceded by
Andrés Bonifacio
as president of the Unofficial Presidents of the Philippines
BTW, someone kindly deleted a redirect page (after someone else kindly moved the page), so I have had to put some of the citations right.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Tue 20:34, wikitime=
12:34, 29 January 2013 (UTC)
I said earlier that I would probably come back to do some work on regularizing Ref and Cite styles in this article. I've now done that. There were only three Refs which used Harvard referencing, all citing the same source. I've converted those to use {{ rp}} instead, though I don't really like that style. In the process, I found that the Refs which use transclusion seem to be incompatible with list-defined references. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 07:09, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
My hour is up at the internet cafe. I'll write tomorrow
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Wed 20:46, wikitime=
12:46, 30 January 2013 (UTC)
Besides correcting a few typos and formatting errors, I changed to dates to {{ date}} - my understanding is that this display the date according to user's local preferences.
The full citations that you changed don't display very sensibly. I think it would be better just to quote an actual page number, and leave it to the reader to do some research - no need to wipe their noses for them.
I'm not a great fan of
list-defined references but I can't see how transclusion could affect it. What did throw things awry was that someone deleted the redirect page (necessary because someone else moved the page). I don't know why the deletion, it doesn't make sense to me, as it must be trivially small.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Thu 20:05, wikitime=
12:05, 31 January 2013 (UTC)
Couple more harvards you missed.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sat 20:34, wikitime=
12:34, 2 February 2013 (UTC)
I tried list-defined references in my sandbox and it worked fine with transclusions. It must have been that deleted redirect page which put the kibosh on it earlier.
I've added a heap more works to the transclusion citations page
Wikipedia:Tambayan Philippines/History of the Philippines (citations). Most of them quite old, because I used the bibliography from a 1970 version of something by Zaide. He wrote plenty, eh? Not sure I really like his not unbiased style.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sun 13:58, wikitime=
05:58, 10 February 2013 (UTC)
I just realised that you hacked out the section on education. I think some of it was worth keeping.
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Sat 18:08, wikitime=
10:08, 23 February 2013 (UTC)
What do you think of the guy who in the last few days has gone through removing freemasonry tags from about 200 people, including this one? Personally I think it is a defining characteristic, and it enables otherwise hidden threads to be seen
John of Cromer in China Philippines (
talk) mytime= Fri 16:20, wikitime=
08:20, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
This article needs more info about the Spanish-American War. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.209.51.46 ( talk) 22:47, 7 May 2013 (UTC)
I think that started when the 1st Philippine Republic...had an unofficial allied it self to the U.S. FilBox101 ( talk) 00:58, 22 September 2015 (UTC)
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I've reverted this edit, which had added an unsourced assertion. I had gone looking for a supporting source, but came up with this which, at the top of page 186, seems to say that Aguinaldo was never formally exonorated. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 04:47, 17 June 2017 (UTC)
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Please see the discussion at Talk:Prime Minister of the Philippines#Prime Minister office assertions prior to 1978 appear problematic and comment there as appropriate. Thank you. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 15:30, 16 July 2019 (UTC)
Who is "Luna"? There are no wiki-links nor even a full name in the above section. 155.4.96.9 ( talk) 11:04, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
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