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The contents of the Ceramic materials page were merged into Ceramic on June 26, 2016 and it now redirects there. For the contribution history and old versions of the merged article please see its history. |
From the article: "A couple of decades ago, Toyota researched on producing a ceramic engine which can run at a temperature of over 6000°."
How many decades ago, and is that 6000°C or 6000°F? Kind of important. Bryan Derksen
Has to be 6000°F. 6000°C is up to solar temperatures. Edited to include the F. Don't know any more about it, although 6000F is still incredably high. I can only find a couple of materials with a melting point in that range or higher (tungsten (6010F), Diamond (6240F) and Hafnium carbide (6940F)). Even with HfC (which, might I add, I've never actaully heard of being used anywhere), that's stil close to the melting point, it would have to have pretty serious mechanical properties at that temp to be usable (not unknown, nickel superalloys can be used up to about 30°C from it's melting point, but damn rare), particularly considering that it's got to contain the explosions. Plus, to run an engine at over 6000°F your talking about buringing something exotic like oxy-acetalyne, or possible hydrolox. My suspicion is that the engine is a petrol engine made of ceramics that have a melting point over 6000°F, and not that it can run over 6000°F. Granted, my experience is in the electrical ceramics, and not the structural, so I'm going to leave it in, pending research. Syntax 05:13, 23 Jan 2004 (UTC)
Right, bit of a major update there. Notable points:
1) My spelling sucks. Plus, I tend to the British spellings. 2) Traditional cermaic crafts are over at pottery. MatSci ceramics are here. Anyone forsee any problems with that? 3) I've tried to pitch the entry at the right level. Please holler if something is unclear - I'm too used to writing technical stuff on this. 4) Did I mention my spelling sucks?
Syntax 23:11, 29 Jan 2004 (UTC)
An interesting article but I cannot understand why it has been included under handicrafts. More appropriately it should be under science of materials. I think the author is also puzzled by this classification. Pottery is also known as ceramics. It is simply that one word has an Old English origin and the other a Latinate origin. They both used to refer to the same craft/product and have done so for many centuries. See the OED. People working as artists with clay may choose to be known as potters, ceramists, ceramic artists, ceramicists or clay workers. Those who choose to identify as potters usually produce work that can be used in some way as well as appreciated for its intrinsic beauty. Potters also make one-off pieces. Nonetheless they may still choose to identify as potters. I suggest you refer to William Morris, Bernard Leach, Soetsu Yanagi and the Mingei movement in Japan which will give a philosophical background to this choice. Ceramic artists may either be people who have trained in ceramics, acquiring skills in both the making and designing of art works in clay (which may well be referential to the long and rich history of ceramics) or they can be artists like Grayson Perry who simply choose clay as one of several media in which they work. There is also a growing tendency to place ceramists under visual arts and design rather than art or pottery. I would suggest to the editors that there be entries under both categories (pottery and visual arts and design). Maybe artists/potters and their work could be listed under visual arts and design and practical/technical information under pottery with cross-referencing to each. Karen Weiss
These are devices that exhibit the unusual property of negative resistance. Once the voltage across the device reaches a certain threshold, there is a breakdown of the electrical structure in the vicinity of the grain boundaries, which results in its electrical resistance dropping from several mega-ohms down to a few hundred.
This confuses me. I understand that, as explained at negative resistance, negative resistance can be taken to mean merely that current is a decreasing function of voltage in a particular region of the current-voltage curve. But the above doesn't describe that. In fact it describes a situation where current in increasing greater than linearly with voltage. So if these materials really have negative resistance, the above does not describe their behavior. Josh Cherry 01:52, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)
The basis of an arrester, and this would make a good article is to fail like a fuse, but not on the same principle of a fuse, and protect its more expensive part. These arresters are also termed lightning arresters fail when there is lightning nearby. They normally fail as 99% or more when there is a lightning direct hit. The part it is protecting is also often destroyed.
Anyway, a ceramic component called an MOV Block, also called Metal Oxide Varistor (Variable Resistor). Ceramics such Zinc Oxide, Cobalt Oxide, and other oxide ceramics are manufactured though a ceramic process (see Ceramic Engineering).
After the blocks are manufactured and put into a surge arrester the arrester has as a kV value that is directly related to the number of blocks with its own kV value put in a stack. Put simply a 10 kV arrester has three, 3.3 kV blocks.
A 36 kV arrester has 12, 3 kV blocks.
Now going through all that, this industrial part example may explain the confusion.
- A surge in terms of a voltage strike crosses a line. If the voltage is <3000 V and the arrester is a 3 kV arrester. The arrester absorbs the spike, but it "weakens" so the initial resistance has degraded to a new lower resistance, due to the internal rearrangement of the grains. The arrester can withstand spikes over 3000 V, which is over voltage. Again, the durability of the part is unique to each part due to many factors. The over voltage will weaken the part, but may not cause it to fail.
-Not only do spikes cause degradation on an arrester, but also that the arresters are powered up as part of the circuit they are in.
-When the arrester has been hit repeatedly with surges and is in operation over a "long time" as in many years, it degrades to where it no longer arrests spikes, and the equipment it protecting is now subject to degradation. However, their can be a second layer, such as surge redirection to ground. or third layer of protection like a circuit breaker. The arrester is cheap, cost effective, efficient device and effective in protective sensitive parts..
-Note, your surge protecting multi-plug test strip warn that after the a warning signal shows as in it has been hit with a surge, they recommend you repair or replace the unit. There is a good reason for that. The company I worked for made arresters for those very same protection strips.
-As for the phrase of "these devices" I believe what I explained is one example of what the phrase alluded to.
Deekayfry ( talk) 06:37, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
I thought the content before 9 March 2005 was quite relevant
There's a decent, but incomplete article on sintering that I tried to improve until I saw the excellent section of this article. Perhaps there should be a link and some moving of content?-- Joel 22:56, 26 May 2005 (UTC)
Should this article not be entitled Ceramic instead of Ceramics. Right now Ceramic redirects to Ceramics, but I think it should be the other way around -- b4hand 20:34, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
Can reach a better separation between the "Fine arts" subject of "Ceramics" and the building material? I have created a new but short page: "Ceramic material" for building stuff. Sorry about the I18N chars corrupt. I am fixing it now. -- Fplay 23:20, 20 December 2005 (UTC)
The result of the debate was move no consensus. Simply put, while the vote below was exactly balanced,
votes are evil and the
collective singular noun takes precedence here IMO. —
Nightstallion
(?) 08:24, 19 January 2006 (UTC)
Ceramics → Ceramic – plural to singular in accordance with WP:NAME. Redirect at Ceramic has history preventing simple move.
Change and reasons From “Earthenware, which is made from potash, sand, feldspar and clay.” Why? Because it’s not To “Earthenware, which is often made from clay, quartz and feldspar.” Why? Because it is! Regards, Andy
Hello all, I've added an the ASTM definition of ceramics ... or at least ceramc article Regards, Andy
Hello 70.52.112.133 Thank you for your comments but cement is produced by the action of heat on raw materials, and therefore would comply with the listed definition. To quote from the wikipedia entry on Portland cement “ ...and similar materials are made by heating limestone (as source of calcium) with clay or sand (as source of silicon) and grinding the product (clinker), with a source of sulfate (most commonly gypsum). “
As an aside whilst the catergorisation of cement as a ceramic material is agreed by some it is not universal
Regards,
Andy
Hello again 70.52.112.133,
Whilst the final articles, such as concrete blocks, do not require the action of heat the manufacture of cement does, and therefore complies with the listed definition. Please see the wikipedia entry on Portland cement. Should you still not be happy with this please use the talk pages rather than changing the entry
Please have a look at http://www.cement.org.au/technical/cement_production.htm hwere you will see it noted that temperatures of up to 1450˚C are found in the kiln to produce cement Regards, Andy
what is ceramic? i want to know...my teacher ask me and friends to do a research on ceramic
Hello 60.52.20.66,
Have you read the article to which these talk pages are attached? It contains a useful definition: “The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) defines a ceramic article as “an article having a glazed or unglazed body of crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or of glass, which body is produced from essentially inorganic, non-metallic substances and either is formed from a molten mass which solidifies on cooling, or is formed and simultaneously or subsequently matured by the action of the heat.” Rememebr if you do use this you need to give a proper citation
Regards, Andy
Hi all, I've just re-read the article, and thought about "Historically, ceramic products have been hard, porous and brittle." Call me stupid but what ceramics are not hard & brittle? Regards, Andy
At room temperature most ceramics are hard and brittle. At elevated temperatures that's not necessarily true--glass for example. 134.84.54.209 18:28, 4 January 2007 (UTC)Julia
But the description does not mention temperature Theriac 16:36, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
Any chance some mention of what ceramin is can be added to the article? I don't know personally, but I have seen it mentioned in various places. Aristoi 19:43, 6 December 2006 (UTC)
Hi Cbdorsett. I don't think it POV to have use the phrase "The finest collection of Staffordshire ceramics in the world" as
Thanx Theriac 16:56, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
Isn't this why we have the lead-up phrase "One of the..." - really bugs me when people use it lol —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.148.87.151 ( talk) 22:08, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
Hello all...
An image used in the article, specifically Image:DSCN0126.jpg, has a little bit of a licensing issue. The image was uploaded back when the rules around image uploading were less restrictive. It is presumed that the uploader was willing to license the picture under the GFDL license but was not clear in that regard. As such, the image, while not at risk of deletion, is likely not clearly licensed to allow for free use in any future use of this article. If anyone has an image that can replace this, or can go take one and upload it, it would be best.
You have your mission, take your camera and start clicking.-- Jordan 1972 ( talk) 01:25, 2 October 2008 (UTC)
IP address keeps adding this reference with no explanation as to which bit of article it refers to?
- Tschegg, C., Ntaflos, Th., Hein, I., 2008. Thermally triggered two-stage reaction of carbonates and clay during ceramic firing - a case study on Bronze Age Cypriot ceramics. Applied Clay Science (in press).
Any ideas anyone? Teapot george Talk 17:48, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
I have been sorting out the caramics categories, adding new ones such as Category:French pottery and Category:Ceramics manufacturers of the United States and clearing out the vast number of articles on potters etc lazily dumped in Category:Pottery in particular. User:119.224.22.238 has objected to, and twice reverted, a number of removals from Category:Ceramics, without giving any reasoning - he says (my talk):" Thank you for the message. I do not understand your reasoning for your sudden and unilateral changes to long standing categories, my argument for restoration is based on maintaining the status quo until consensus is reached. I would be happy with slimmed down categories but this needs to be by agreement with the community. Therefore I will revert pending discussion and agreement. Regards. ". I had already referred him to WP:OCAT, and said (his talk): "There is no point in duplicating every article in Category:Pottery in Category:Ceramics. I moved many articles into the ceramics materials & pottery categories, and removed most of the duplication where the articles seemed concerned exclusively with pottery. Some of these might be debatable, but you have reverted many where it clearly is not, so I will revert all or most of your changes. Please produce reasoned arguments for further changes." For example he has restored Bird stump (is a variety of vase popular in 1920's England...) to Category:Ceramics, when I had moved it to Category:English pottery. I would welcome comments on this. Johnbod ( talk) 14:58, 28 December 2008 (UTC)
I am surprised to read that the anonymous editor who wrote here that "ceramics, which must be the source of the word ceramicists, is an extremely large group of materials," and "pottery (which loosely correlates to whiteware ceramics)," is not the same editor who writes, "'Pottery' is a subgroup of 'ceramics', whereas the latter is very large group," and "'pottery' is described under the whiteware ceramics", especially as both wrote from IP addresses in Auckland, New Zealand. To make it plain that this is a community correcting errors and not just one person using a dynamic IP, perhaps he would like to log on with a user name. Marshall46 ( talk) 14:51, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
I must say this new one seems a rather pointless category to me. In the wide sense of the term, the great majority of the pottery articles we have could be included, but only a handful are. A category with this name that contains Lladro but not Meissen, and no Asian articles, seems pretty misleading! It might be better to rename it to something like American studio potteries and place it under the US ceramic manufacters (minus Lladro etc). Any thoughts? Johnbod ( talk) 15:29, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
Art Pottery is an important and widely used term, particularly in the period before and after 1900; such as, for example Adelaide Robineau [3] [4], who was one of the most important American potters of her time, and who amazingly does not seem to have an article. Of course there was factory production that called itself Art Pottery, but was not, so some discrimination is necessary. Malcolm Schosha ( talk) 16:34, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
By the way, I have some doubts about dividing the field into "ceramics" (i.e. industrial), and "pottery" (i.e. artist and artisan work). The largest circulation pottery magazine published in America is called Ceramics Monthly [5]. Malcolm Schosha ( talk) 17:29, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
I had originaly taken "art pottery" as a synonym for ceramic art, but I think that at least temporarily it needs to be written up as a separate article. This may take a few days. Mangoe ( talk) 12:10, 7 January 2009 (UTC)
I have copy edited the introductory paragraphs.
The article is called "Ceramic", but throughout reference is made to "ceramics", which is obviously the more familiar term. The title seems like an uncomfortable compromise between Pottery and Ceramic engineering. As they cover similar material, I am not clear why there is a long article on Ceramic and another on Ceramic engineering.
The opening definition is, "Ceramic is inorganic and non-metallic material formed by the action of heat." Surely that is not right: that would make igneous and metamorphic rocks ceramic.
The old Sanskrit root of the word "ceramics" is referred to but not given. Would someone who knows about it add the word, please? (A look at a dictionary of modern Sanskrit reveals no word for "burn" that sounds anything like "ceramic".)
This article needs a complete rewrite by someone familiar with the subject. It is totally confusing. There are several different classifications, obviously added by different editors, that bear no relation to one another. There are chunks of text that are incomprehensible to the lay reader (which is surely a major offence in an encyclopaedia) that seem to have been written to show off rather than to communicate. There is a section on solid state chemistry whose relevance is not clear. Marshall46 ( talk) 14:04, 10 January 2009 (UTC)
For unexplained reasons the correction to remove 'raw' from the introduction has been reverted a number of times. Why is this? Ceramic materials are just that: ceramic. These are man-made materials which during their formation have been suject to high temperatures to impart permanent chemical and physical changes. Whereas 'ceramic raw materials' are those materials used at ths start of this process: they are the pre-cursor materials.
For reference pick up any reputable book, and one well respected UK published one is 'Introduction to the technology of Pottery' by Paul Rado (formerly of Royal Worcester) in which Chaper 2 is titled 'Raw materials', this is sub-divided into Clay Minerals; China Clays; Sedimentary Clays; Silica; Feldspathic Minerals; Alkaline Earth Minerals; Miscellaneous Minerals; Temporary Raw materials.
Or how about the book 'Properties of ceramic raw materials' by W.Ryan. (Note raw.) This is a book published by the Institue of Ceramics. At the start of chapter 2 is a flow diagram of a generic production process, and this is: Raw materials won -> Purification -> Size adjustment -> Materials mixed in required proportions -> Product shaped -> Dried -> Product fired.
Even a book as basic as 'The Potters Dictonary by Hamer & Hamer understands the difference between ceramic materials and ceramic raw materials, for example: 'Raw - uncooked, unfired, in original state.'
Or how about recent journal articles where this useage is very apparent:
The lead says "Ceramic materials may be crystalline or partly crystalline." Section 1.2 is headed "Non-crystalline ceramics." Why isn't this an inconsistency? -- Vaughan Pratt ( talk) 22:03, 1 April 2012 (UTC)
Another editor has created an article at Nanophase ceramic. The article is just a stub and ought to be expanded. Eastmain ( talk • contribs) 22:56, 22 November 2014 (UTC)
"
Metal" , "
Nonmetal" ,
Metalloid or Semi-metal, are terms for
chemical Elements, and Not for
Chemical Compounds.
Say, Calcium Oxide, CaO. Is it a metal or nonmetal?
It is a compound. It is Neither a metallic-element, nor a nonmetallic element. It is a "Compound", containing a metallic element, Ca; and nonmetallic element, O.
Though, from outside the ceramics usually not look like "metals" , having no metallic lustre etc ; ( they look like soil, Terracotta, glass etc ); many ceramic - substance contain metals, in compound form. Such as all-clays contain high-amount of Aluminium (Al) , along with some-amount of Calcium (Ca) and/or Magnesium (Mg) and/or Iron (Fe), etc, often Sodium, Potassium , Lithium etc. that are metals.
So the statement "Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials made from compounds of a metal and a non metal." should be corrected immediately. How a metal and a nonmetal altogether form a "non-metallic substance"?
RIT RAJARSHI ( talk) 17:01, 16 April 2016 (UTC)
I'm pretty new here, and maybe a bit thick, but why do we need an article on Ceramic and on Ceramic materials? Isn't that completely redundant? I don't understand. Is this one of those things you do just to keep the article length short, like "Steel" and "Things made out of Steel", which would be a very long article if you tried to put it all together (I know that's not a great example, because steel is one substance, while ceramics are more a configuration that molecules can take). AnnaGoFast ( talk) 01:18, 22 April 2016 (UTC)
This redirect does not require a rating on Wikipedia's
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The contents of the Ceramic materials page were merged into Ceramic on June 26, 2016 and it now redirects there. For the contribution history and old versions of the merged article please see its history. |
From the article: "A couple of decades ago, Toyota researched on producing a ceramic engine which can run at a temperature of over 6000°."
How many decades ago, and is that 6000°C or 6000°F? Kind of important. Bryan Derksen
Has to be 6000°F. 6000°C is up to solar temperatures. Edited to include the F. Don't know any more about it, although 6000F is still incredably high. I can only find a couple of materials with a melting point in that range or higher (tungsten (6010F), Diamond (6240F) and Hafnium carbide (6940F)). Even with HfC (which, might I add, I've never actaully heard of being used anywhere), that's stil close to the melting point, it would have to have pretty serious mechanical properties at that temp to be usable (not unknown, nickel superalloys can be used up to about 30°C from it's melting point, but damn rare), particularly considering that it's got to contain the explosions. Plus, to run an engine at over 6000°F your talking about buringing something exotic like oxy-acetalyne, or possible hydrolox. My suspicion is that the engine is a petrol engine made of ceramics that have a melting point over 6000°F, and not that it can run over 6000°F. Granted, my experience is in the electrical ceramics, and not the structural, so I'm going to leave it in, pending research. Syntax 05:13, 23 Jan 2004 (UTC)
Right, bit of a major update there. Notable points:
1) My spelling sucks. Plus, I tend to the British spellings. 2) Traditional cermaic crafts are over at pottery. MatSci ceramics are here. Anyone forsee any problems with that? 3) I've tried to pitch the entry at the right level. Please holler if something is unclear - I'm too used to writing technical stuff on this. 4) Did I mention my spelling sucks?
Syntax 23:11, 29 Jan 2004 (UTC)
An interesting article but I cannot understand why it has been included under handicrafts. More appropriately it should be under science of materials. I think the author is also puzzled by this classification. Pottery is also known as ceramics. It is simply that one word has an Old English origin and the other a Latinate origin. They both used to refer to the same craft/product and have done so for many centuries. See the OED. People working as artists with clay may choose to be known as potters, ceramists, ceramic artists, ceramicists or clay workers. Those who choose to identify as potters usually produce work that can be used in some way as well as appreciated for its intrinsic beauty. Potters also make one-off pieces. Nonetheless they may still choose to identify as potters. I suggest you refer to William Morris, Bernard Leach, Soetsu Yanagi and the Mingei movement in Japan which will give a philosophical background to this choice. Ceramic artists may either be people who have trained in ceramics, acquiring skills in both the making and designing of art works in clay (which may well be referential to the long and rich history of ceramics) or they can be artists like Grayson Perry who simply choose clay as one of several media in which they work. There is also a growing tendency to place ceramists under visual arts and design rather than art or pottery. I would suggest to the editors that there be entries under both categories (pottery and visual arts and design). Maybe artists/potters and their work could be listed under visual arts and design and practical/technical information under pottery with cross-referencing to each. Karen Weiss
These are devices that exhibit the unusual property of negative resistance. Once the voltage across the device reaches a certain threshold, there is a breakdown of the electrical structure in the vicinity of the grain boundaries, which results in its electrical resistance dropping from several mega-ohms down to a few hundred.
This confuses me. I understand that, as explained at negative resistance, negative resistance can be taken to mean merely that current is a decreasing function of voltage in a particular region of the current-voltage curve. But the above doesn't describe that. In fact it describes a situation where current in increasing greater than linearly with voltage. So if these materials really have negative resistance, the above does not describe their behavior. Josh Cherry 01:52, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)
The basis of an arrester, and this would make a good article is to fail like a fuse, but not on the same principle of a fuse, and protect its more expensive part. These arresters are also termed lightning arresters fail when there is lightning nearby. They normally fail as 99% or more when there is a lightning direct hit. The part it is protecting is also often destroyed.
Anyway, a ceramic component called an MOV Block, also called Metal Oxide Varistor (Variable Resistor). Ceramics such Zinc Oxide, Cobalt Oxide, and other oxide ceramics are manufactured though a ceramic process (see Ceramic Engineering).
After the blocks are manufactured and put into a surge arrester the arrester has as a kV value that is directly related to the number of blocks with its own kV value put in a stack. Put simply a 10 kV arrester has three, 3.3 kV blocks.
A 36 kV arrester has 12, 3 kV blocks.
Now going through all that, this industrial part example may explain the confusion.
- A surge in terms of a voltage strike crosses a line. If the voltage is <3000 V and the arrester is a 3 kV arrester. The arrester absorbs the spike, but it "weakens" so the initial resistance has degraded to a new lower resistance, due to the internal rearrangement of the grains. The arrester can withstand spikes over 3000 V, which is over voltage. Again, the durability of the part is unique to each part due to many factors. The over voltage will weaken the part, but may not cause it to fail.
-Not only do spikes cause degradation on an arrester, but also that the arresters are powered up as part of the circuit they are in.
-When the arrester has been hit repeatedly with surges and is in operation over a "long time" as in many years, it degrades to where it no longer arrests spikes, and the equipment it protecting is now subject to degradation. However, their can be a second layer, such as surge redirection to ground. or third layer of protection like a circuit breaker. The arrester is cheap, cost effective, efficient device and effective in protective sensitive parts..
-Note, your surge protecting multi-plug test strip warn that after the a warning signal shows as in it has been hit with a surge, they recommend you repair or replace the unit. There is a good reason for that. The company I worked for made arresters for those very same protection strips.
-As for the phrase of "these devices" I believe what I explained is one example of what the phrase alluded to.
Deekayfry ( talk) 06:37, 21 May 2008 (UTC)
I thought the content before 9 March 2005 was quite relevant
There's a decent, but incomplete article on sintering that I tried to improve until I saw the excellent section of this article. Perhaps there should be a link and some moving of content?-- Joel 22:56, 26 May 2005 (UTC)
Should this article not be entitled Ceramic instead of Ceramics. Right now Ceramic redirects to Ceramics, but I think it should be the other way around -- b4hand 20:34, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
Can reach a better separation between the "Fine arts" subject of "Ceramics" and the building material? I have created a new but short page: "Ceramic material" for building stuff. Sorry about the I18N chars corrupt. I am fixing it now. -- Fplay 23:20, 20 December 2005 (UTC)
The result of the debate was move no consensus. Simply put, while the vote below was exactly balanced,
votes are evil and the
collective singular noun takes precedence here IMO. —
Nightstallion
(?) 08:24, 19 January 2006 (UTC)
Ceramics → Ceramic – plural to singular in accordance with WP:NAME. Redirect at Ceramic has history preventing simple move.
Change and reasons From “Earthenware, which is made from potash, sand, feldspar and clay.” Why? Because it’s not To “Earthenware, which is often made from clay, quartz and feldspar.” Why? Because it is! Regards, Andy
Hello all, I've added an the ASTM definition of ceramics ... or at least ceramc article Regards, Andy
Hello 70.52.112.133 Thank you for your comments but cement is produced by the action of heat on raw materials, and therefore would comply with the listed definition. To quote from the wikipedia entry on Portland cement “ ...and similar materials are made by heating limestone (as source of calcium) with clay or sand (as source of silicon) and grinding the product (clinker), with a source of sulfate (most commonly gypsum). “
As an aside whilst the catergorisation of cement as a ceramic material is agreed by some it is not universal
Regards,
Andy
Hello again 70.52.112.133,
Whilst the final articles, such as concrete blocks, do not require the action of heat the manufacture of cement does, and therefore complies with the listed definition. Please see the wikipedia entry on Portland cement. Should you still not be happy with this please use the talk pages rather than changing the entry
Please have a look at http://www.cement.org.au/technical/cement_production.htm hwere you will see it noted that temperatures of up to 1450˚C are found in the kiln to produce cement Regards, Andy
what is ceramic? i want to know...my teacher ask me and friends to do a research on ceramic
Hello 60.52.20.66,
Have you read the article to which these talk pages are attached? It contains a useful definition: “The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) defines a ceramic article as “an article having a glazed or unglazed body of crystalline or partly crystalline structure, or of glass, which body is produced from essentially inorganic, non-metallic substances and either is formed from a molten mass which solidifies on cooling, or is formed and simultaneously or subsequently matured by the action of the heat.” Rememebr if you do use this you need to give a proper citation
Regards, Andy
Hi all, I've just re-read the article, and thought about "Historically, ceramic products have been hard, porous and brittle." Call me stupid but what ceramics are not hard & brittle? Regards, Andy
At room temperature most ceramics are hard and brittle. At elevated temperatures that's not necessarily true--glass for example. 134.84.54.209 18:28, 4 January 2007 (UTC)Julia
But the description does not mention temperature Theriac 16:36, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
Any chance some mention of what ceramin is can be added to the article? I don't know personally, but I have seen it mentioned in various places. Aristoi 19:43, 6 December 2006 (UTC)
Hi Cbdorsett. I don't think it POV to have use the phrase "The finest collection of Staffordshire ceramics in the world" as
Thanx Theriac 16:56, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
Isn't this why we have the lead-up phrase "One of the..." - really bugs me when people use it lol —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.148.87.151 ( talk) 22:08, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
Hello all...
An image used in the article, specifically Image:DSCN0126.jpg, has a little bit of a licensing issue. The image was uploaded back when the rules around image uploading were less restrictive. It is presumed that the uploader was willing to license the picture under the GFDL license but was not clear in that regard. As such, the image, while not at risk of deletion, is likely not clearly licensed to allow for free use in any future use of this article. If anyone has an image that can replace this, or can go take one and upload it, it would be best.
You have your mission, take your camera and start clicking.-- Jordan 1972 ( talk) 01:25, 2 October 2008 (UTC)
IP address keeps adding this reference with no explanation as to which bit of article it refers to?
- Tschegg, C., Ntaflos, Th., Hein, I., 2008. Thermally triggered two-stage reaction of carbonates and clay during ceramic firing - a case study on Bronze Age Cypriot ceramics. Applied Clay Science (in press).
Any ideas anyone? Teapot george Talk 17:48, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
I have been sorting out the caramics categories, adding new ones such as Category:French pottery and Category:Ceramics manufacturers of the United States and clearing out the vast number of articles on potters etc lazily dumped in Category:Pottery in particular. User:119.224.22.238 has objected to, and twice reverted, a number of removals from Category:Ceramics, without giving any reasoning - he says (my talk):" Thank you for the message. I do not understand your reasoning for your sudden and unilateral changes to long standing categories, my argument for restoration is based on maintaining the status quo until consensus is reached. I would be happy with slimmed down categories but this needs to be by agreement with the community. Therefore I will revert pending discussion and agreement. Regards. ". I had already referred him to WP:OCAT, and said (his talk): "There is no point in duplicating every article in Category:Pottery in Category:Ceramics. I moved many articles into the ceramics materials & pottery categories, and removed most of the duplication where the articles seemed concerned exclusively with pottery. Some of these might be debatable, but you have reverted many where it clearly is not, so I will revert all or most of your changes. Please produce reasoned arguments for further changes." For example he has restored Bird stump (is a variety of vase popular in 1920's England...) to Category:Ceramics, when I had moved it to Category:English pottery. I would welcome comments on this. Johnbod ( talk) 14:58, 28 December 2008 (UTC)
I am surprised to read that the anonymous editor who wrote here that "ceramics, which must be the source of the word ceramicists, is an extremely large group of materials," and "pottery (which loosely correlates to whiteware ceramics)," is not the same editor who writes, "'Pottery' is a subgroup of 'ceramics', whereas the latter is very large group," and "'pottery' is described under the whiteware ceramics", especially as both wrote from IP addresses in Auckland, New Zealand. To make it plain that this is a community correcting errors and not just one person using a dynamic IP, perhaps he would like to log on with a user name. Marshall46 ( talk) 14:51, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
I must say this new one seems a rather pointless category to me. In the wide sense of the term, the great majority of the pottery articles we have could be included, but only a handful are. A category with this name that contains Lladro but not Meissen, and no Asian articles, seems pretty misleading! It might be better to rename it to something like American studio potteries and place it under the US ceramic manufacters (minus Lladro etc). Any thoughts? Johnbod ( talk) 15:29, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
Art Pottery is an important and widely used term, particularly in the period before and after 1900; such as, for example Adelaide Robineau [3] [4], who was one of the most important American potters of her time, and who amazingly does not seem to have an article. Of course there was factory production that called itself Art Pottery, but was not, so some discrimination is necessary. Malcolm Schosha ( talk) 16:34, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
By the way, I have some doubts about dividing the field into "ceramics" (i.e. industrial), and "pottery" (i.e. artist and artisan work). The largest circulation pottery magazine published in America is called Ceramics Monthly [5]. Malcolm Schosha ( talk) 17:29, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
I had originaly taken "art pottery" as a synonym for ceramic art, but I think that at least temporarily it needs to be written up as a separate article. This may take a few days. Mangoe ( talk) 12:10, 7 January 2009 (UTC)
I have copy edited the introductory paragraphs.
The article is called "Ceramic", but throughout reference is made to "ceramics", which is obviously the more familiar term. The title seems like an uncomfortable compromise between Pottery and Ceramic engineering. As they cover similar material, I am not clear why there is a long article on Ceramic and another on Ceramic engineering.
The opening definition is, "Ceramic is inorganic and non-metallic material formed by the action of heat." Surely that is not right: that would make igneous and metamorphic rocks ceramic.
The old Sanskrit root of the word "ceramics" is referred to but not given. Would someone who knows about it add the word, please? (A look at a dictionary of modern Sanskrit reveals no word for "burn" that sounds anything like "ceramic".)
This article needs a complete rewrite by someone familiar with the subject. It is totally confusing. There are several different classifications, obviously added by different editors, that bear no relation to one another. There are chunks of text that are incomprehensible to the lay reader (which is surely a major offence in an encyclopaedia) that seem to have been written to show off rather than to communicate. There is a section on solid state chemistry whose relevance is not clear. Marshall46 ( talk) 14:04, 10 January 2009 (UTC)
For unexplained reasons the correction to remove 'raw' from the introduction has been reverted a number of times. Why is this? Ceramic materials are just that: ceramic. These are man-made materials which during their formation have been suject to high temperatures to impart permanent chemical and physical changes. Whereas 'ceramic raw materials' are those materials used at ths start of this process: they are the pre-cursor materials.
For reference pick up any reputable book, and one well respected UK published one is 'Introduction to the technology of Pottery' by Paul Rado (formerly of Royal Worcester) in which Chaper 2 is titled 'Raw materials', this is sub-divided into Clay Minerals; China Clays; Sedimentary Clays; Silica; Feldspathic Minerals; Alkaline Earth Minerals; Miscellaneous Minerals; Temporary Raw materials.
Or how about the book 'Properties of ceramic raw materials' by W.Ryan. (Note raw.) This is a book published by the Institue of Ceramics. At the start of chapter 2 is a flow diagram of a generic production process, and this is: Raw materials won -> Purification -> Size adjustment -> Materials mixed in required proportions -> Product shaped -> Dried -> Product fired.
Even a book as basic as 'The Potters Dictonary by Hamer & Hamer understands the difference between ceramic materials and ceramic raw materials, for example: 'Raw - uncooked, unfired, in original state.'
Or how about recent journal articles where this useage is very apparent:
The lead says "Ceramic materials may be crystalline or partly crystalline." Section 1.2 is headed "Non-crystalline ceramics." Why isn't this an inconsistency? -- Vaughan Pratt ( talk) 22:03, 1 April 2012 (UTC)
Another editor has created an article at Nanophase ceramic. The article is just a stub and ought to be expanded. Eastmain ( talk • contribs) 22:56, 22 November 2014 (UTC)
"
Metal" , "
Nonmetal" ,
Metalloid or Semi-metal, are terms for
chemical Elements, and Not for
Chemical Compounds.
Say, Calcium Oxide, CaO. Is it a metal or nonmetal?
It is a compound. It is Neither a metallic-element, nor a nonmetallic element. It is a "Compound", containing a metallic element, Ca; and nonmetallic element, O.
Though, from outside the ceramics usually not look like "metals" , having no metallic lustre etc ; ( they look like soil, Terracotta, glass etc ); many ceramic - substance contain metals, in compound form. Such as all-clays contain high-amount of Aluminium (Al) , along with some-amount of Calcium (Ca) and/or Magnesium (Mg) and/or Iron (Fe), etc, often Sodium, Potassium , Lithium etc. that are metals.
So the statement "Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials made from compounds of a metal and a non metal." should be corrected immediately. How a metal and a nonmetal altogether form a "non-metallic substance"?
RIT RAJARSHI ( talk) 17:01, 16 April 2016 (UTC)
I'm pretty new here, and maybe a bit thick, but why do we need an article on Ceramic and on Ceramic materials? Isn't that completely redundant? I don't understand. Is this one of those things you do just to keep the article length short, like "Steel" and "Things made out of Steel", which would be a very long article if you tried to put it all together (I know that's not a great example, because steel is one substance, while ceramics are more a configuration that molecules can take). AnnaGoFast ( talk) 01:18, 22 April 2016 (UTC)