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earlier discussions moved to talk:capacitor (component)/archive#1
There is no justification for defining ultracapacitors as being different from supercapacitors, the terms are use intechangably in the literature. As this now appears to make a distintion between then I suggest that the passage be removed. However if someone has objectios to that please comment here, and we will sort this out. DV8 2XL 02:49, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
Since the previous discussion appears to be prematurely archived, I will restart it (again).
This article needs to be split back up into separate articles about each different type of capacitor. The rest of the information should be moved back to the capacitor article. This article title can then redirect back to capacitor.
Creating giant articles that conglomerate anything vaguely related to the title is not Wikipedia style. — Omegatron 21:18, 7 December 2005 (UTC)
ELCO redirects here, but is not mentioned in the text. Could someone add it in the appropriate place? Is it an electrolytic capacitator? Piet 10:46, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
The article includes a section about E3, E6, E12 preferred values, and this duplicates information in a separate article called Preferred number (also redirected from Preferred values). It seems to me some of the text under Capacitors (component) could be removed. I have put a link to the Preferred number article, but I leave it to someone else to decide how much to take out. It is worth leaving in some of the historic discussion I think, and also the discussion of the wide tolerance of some capacitor types which is why the E3 or E6 values are used. Sangwine 19:18, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
I have always experienced it as a nuisance, but in the table of types, it is listed as an advantage of electrolytic capacitors. - douglas bagnall
This page says "Available in both polarized and unpolarized varieties", but Tantalum_capacitor says "All tantalum capacitors are polarized devices". Which is right? CLandau ( talk) 17:18, 11 October 2010 (UTC)
The simplest way to drive an LED from line-voltage AC is with a large series resistor, which functions as a current source. Very inefficient, due to power loss in the resistor.
We could also drop line voltage to a low voltage to drive an LED with an AC capacitor. We can calculate power in the capacitor by V x A, but the result is not real watts - the answer is ideally all "imaginary" VA? In the real world, how do we calculate power dissipation in real capacitors used thus: how hot they would get, what would be safe design, etc? For example, if two LEDs are anti-parallel, and you want the total average current through the pair to be 20 mA, from a series capacitor, at 120 VAC, what capacitance is needed, what capacitor types would be appropriate, and would power issues in the capacitor be a concern?- 69.87.204.197 13:31, 28 May 2007 (UTC)
The link to images is good (when it works), except that it only has current pics, no historic -- but it would be much better to have such little example images in the article itself. I'm sorry not to see images anywhere of the old six-dot mica packages.- 69.87.199.150 13:22, 14 September 2007 (UTC)
I agree, this article desperately needs pictures illustrating each type of capacitor -- UltraMagnus speak 18:28, 30 August 2010 (UTC)
The section on marking should acknowledge polarity as an issue, and mention ways it is marked.- 69.87.199.150 13:22, 14 September 2007 (UTC)
"Alternating current oil-filled Capacitors" uses "Oil-impregnated paper" as dielectric. But in features: "Usually PET or polypropylene film dielectric." ! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Vladislav Pogorelov ( talk • contribs) 03:27, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
I removed the copypaste tag. The Semec Web page claims a copyright of 2008, the table here has been in the article since the glory days of User:Light Current in 2005. This table is more comprehensive than the entries at the target Web page. Edits such as [1] adding a phrase about RF properties of polystyrene capacitors, more than a year after the page was created and two years before the copyright date on the target Web page, make me confident that the copypaste material was taken from Wikipedia, not added to it. -- Wtshymanski ( talk) 00:25, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
Hi, a lot of work is done, now the revised article is ready. The old article Types of capacitor contains a lot of discrepancies, f. e.
Under the sub-header “Types of dielectric” a lot of different things are mixed. It contains
The sequence of the capacitor types in the table “Fixed capacitor comparisons” are not methodic, f. e. Paper, Metallized paper and Alternating current oil-filled capacitors as well as Direct current oil-filled and Kraft capacitor paper belong together. Additional capacitor types and application capacitor names are mixed.
Especially the comments to paper capacitors sounds like written in the 1950th and are old fashioned and partly obsolete.
Under the sub-header “Non-ideal properties of practical capacitors” some properties are described, which are standardized and in datasheets specified as “rated values”.
In the new edition of this article I have tried to follow strictly the industrial and the standardized view of the most important industrial produced capacitors. Greetings -- Elcap ( talk) 09:20, 14 December 2012 (UTC)
Copyedited this. Feedback encouraged! Comments:
:1) I take the definition for "type" from IEC 60384-1: typea group of components having similar design features and the similarity of whose manufacturing techniques enables them to be grouped together either for qualification approval or for quality conformance inspection
:2) I take this title "features and apps" from the precursor table.
: Motor start, Flashlight and Audio frequency are special applications and some series of electrolytic capacitors are special designed for these applications wearing names like “Electrolytic capacitors for audio applications”, if you want I can give datasheet references
: sorry,I forgot this, here the specified values out of IEC 62391-1
:added in the meantime
:This table has a precursor , many “highs” have “survived”. A high for prices to specify is impossible.
:The dielectric is characteristic of a capacitor type (or family) not the electrodes for conventional capacitors. For supercapacitors it is different.
:It is the “official” description of IEC "non solid" and add the common used terms "wet" or "liquid", please see paragraph "Standards"
:Sorry, ESR is described in Wiki
Application of metallic contact layer ("schoopage") — The projecting end electrodes are covered with a liquefied contact metal such as (tin, zinc or aluminum), which is sprayed with compressed air on both lateral ends of the winding. This metallizing process is named schoopage after Swiss engineer Max Schoop, who invented a combustion spray application for tin and lead. See ref [7] in Film capacitor or [2]
The waveform is any you like. You have to calculate by Fourier analysis a waveform given from the application into the Root mean square [RMS] value, that is the “effective” value.
Sorry, this question I don’t understand
bipolar is used for electrolytic capacitors with two anode foils in series connection makes a non-polar electrolytic capacitor, non-polar is used for film and ceramic capacitors are not polarized by their dielectric used
Sorry, if you don’t understand a series-equivalent circuit I can’t help you. Basics of understanding electronic circuits is something you have to have if you want to understand capacitors.
No, nothing exist something for Tantalum capacitors with solid electrolyte like “wet slug” for tantalum electrolytic capacitors with non solid electrolyte.
Greatings -- Elcap ( talk) 08:52, 11 March 2013 (UTC)
Question 1: As modern electronic equipment gained the capacity to handle power levels that were previously the exclusive domain of "electrical power"[clarification needed] components, the distinction between the "electronic" and "electrical" power ratings blurred. Historically, the boundary between these two families was approximately at a reactive power of 200 volt-amps.
Answer: The boundary of app. 200VA is descended from the 1950s, 1960s. At this time the first fluorescent lamps (typical power 200VA) start to be a mass market. Because a lot of lamps would sold to the government, the industry, military it was typical an “electric” market. Since that times also the radio and later the TV market explode. This was and is an “electronic” market, because the customers are mostly private consumers. But as of 1990 and later the power electronic with Thyristors, GTO’s and other components coming from electronic manufacturers, gets higher and higher power handling. So as of 2000 latest the boundary between electric and electronic power rating blurred.
Question 2: Wet tantalum (wet slug) Lowest leakage among electrolytics. Voltage up to 630 V (tantalum film) or 125 V (tantalum sinter body). Hermetically sealed. Stable and reliable. Military and space applications.[clarification needed],
Answer: This capacitors are so expensive and other cheaper types like aluminum electrolytic, ceramic or film capacitors mostly can fulfill the same requirement, that only military remains as customer because this wet slug capacitors have military approvals
Question 3: Air gap tuning capacitors. For high professional devices.[clarification needed
Answer: May be you know some extremely expensive audio sets. For this “Bang & Olafson” devices air gap tunining capacitors with ball bearing axis are used.
Question 4: The temperature coefficient is expressed in parts per million (ppm) per degree Celsius for class 1 ceramic capacitors or in %[clarification needed] over the total temperature range for all others.
Answer: Definition regarding to IEC 60384-1
I delete all "clarification needed" remarks Greatings-- Elcap ( talk) 08:31, 12 March 2013 (UTC)
None of the capacitor datasheets I've read this week use the word "proof". Is "voltage proof" (used 8 times in this article) yet another synonym for "working voltage", "rated voltage", "operating voltage", "guaranteed voltage", "nominal voltage", "the voltage written on the capacitor", etc.? Would this article be easier to understand if we replaced "voltage proof" with one of those synonyms? -- DavidCary ( talk) 17:36, 3 January 2014 (UTC)
Class 1, Memory backup, discharge current in mA = 1 • C (F) Class 2, Energy storage, discharge current in mA = 0.4 • C (F) • V (V) Class 3, Power, discharge current in mA = 4 • C (F) • V (V) Class 4, Instantaneous power, discharge current in mA = 40 • C (F) • V (V)
Missing from this article is the 3-terminal capacitor. They are extensively used these days for suppressing radio-frequency interference as they internally cancel out the effects of unwanted inductance and so can work well over 1GHz. Normal capacitors don't work much above 100MHz.
Here is an example data sheet: [ [3]]
Although I use them, I don't have expert knowledge of this and I can't face the prospect of fighting any edit war that might arise if I try to put this in the article. But hopefully someone can. Man with two legs ( talk) 16:05, 10 September 2014 (UTC)
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A cheap, new type of super capacitor has just been invented at MIT: https://newatlas.com/architecture/mit-concrete-supercapacitor Basvossen ( talk) 01:02, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
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earlier discussions moved to talk:capacitor (component)/archive#1
There is no justification for defining ultracapacitors as being different from supercapacitors, the terms are use intechangably in the literature. As this now appears to make a distintion between then I suggest that the passage be removed. However if someone has objectios to that please comment here, and we will sort this out. DV8 2XL 02:49, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
Since the previous discussion appears to be prematurely archived, I will restart it (again).
This article needs to be split back up into separate articles about each different type of capacitor. The rest of the information should be moved back to the capacitor article. This article title can then redirect back to capacitor.
Creating giant articles that conglomerate anything vaguely related to the title is not Wikipedia style. — Omegatron 21:18, 7 December 2005 (UTC)
ELCO redirects here, but is not mentioned in the text. Could someone add it in the appropriate place? Is it an electrolytic capacitator? Piet 10:46, 7 March 2006 (UTC)
The article includes a section about E3, E6, E12 preferred values, and this duplicates information in a separate article called Preferred number (also redirected from Preferred values). It seems to me some of the text under Capacitors (component) could be removed. I have put a link to the Preferred number article, but I leave it to someone else to decide how much to take out. It is worth leaving in some of the historic discussion I think, and also the discussion of the wide tolerance of some capacitor types which is why the E3 or E6 values are used. Sangwine 19:18, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
I have always experienced it as a nuisance, but in the table of types, it is listed as an advantage of electrolytic capacitors. - douglas bagnall
This page says "Available in both polarized and unpolarized varieties", but Tantalum_capacitor says "All tantalum capacitors are polarized devices". Which is right? CLandau ( talk) 17:18, 11 October 2010 (UTC)
The simplest way to drive an LED from line-voltage AC is with a large series resistor, which functions as a current source. Very inefficient, due to power loss in the resistor.
We could also drop line voltage to a low voltage to drive an LED with an AC capacitor. We can calculate power in the capacitor by V x A, but the result is not real watts - the answer is ideally all "imaginary" VA? In the real world, how do we calculate power dissipation in real capacitors used thus: how hot they would get, what would be safe design, etc? For example, if two LEDs are anti-parallel, and you want the total average current through the pair to be 20 mA, from a series capacitor, at 120 VAC, what capacitance is needed, what capacitor types would be appropriate, and would power issues in the capacitor be a concern?- 69.87.204.197 13:31, 28 May 2007 (UTC)
The link to images is good (when it works), except that it only has current pics, no historic -- but it would be much better to have such little example images in the article itself. I'm sorry not to see images anywhere of the old six-dot mica packages.- 69.87.199.150 13:22, 14 September 2007 (UTC)
I agree, this article desperately needs pictures illustrating each type of capacitor -- UltraMagnus speak 18:28, 30 August 2010 (UTC)
The section on marking should acknowledge polarity as an issue, and mention ways it is marked.- 69.87.199.150 13:22, 14 September 2007 (UTC)
"Alternating current oil-filled Capacitors" uses "Oil-impregnated paper" as dielectric. But in features: "Usually PET or polypropylene film dielectric." ! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Vladislav Pogorelov ( talk • contribs) 03:27, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
I removed the copypaste tag. The Semec Web page claims a copyright of 2008, the table here has been in the article since the glory days of User:Light Current in 2005. This table is more comprehensive than the entries at the target Web page. Edits such as [1] adding a phrase about RF properties of polystyrene capacitors, more than a year after the page was created and two years before the copyright date on the target Web page, make me confident that the copypaste material was taken from Wikipedia, not added to it. -- Wtshymanski ( talk) 00:25, 5 August 2012 (UTC)
Hi, a lot of work is done, now the revised article is ready. The old article Types of capacitor contains a lot of discrepancies, f. e.
Under the sub-header “Types of dielectric” a lot of different things are mixed. It contains
The sequence of the capacitor types in the table “Fixed capacitor comparisons” are not methodic, f. e. Paper, Metallized paper and Alternating current oil-filled capacitors as well as Direct current oil-filled and Kraft capacitor paper belong together. Additional capacitor types and application capacitor names are mixed.
Especially the comments to paper capacitors sounds like written in the 1950th and are old fashioned and partly obsolete.
Under the sub-header “Non-ideal properties of practical capacitors” some properties are described, which are standardized and in datasheets specified as “rated values”.
In the new edition of this article I have tried to follow strictly the industrial and the standardized view of the most important industrial produced capacitors. Greetings -- Elcap ( talk) 09:20, 14 December 2012 (UTC)
Copyedited this. Feedback encouraged! Comments:
:1) I take the definition for "type" from IEC 60384-1: typea group of components having similar design features and the similarity of whose manufacturing techniques enables them to be grouped together either for qualification approval or for quality conformance inspection
:2) I take this title "features and apps" from the precursor table.
: Motor start, Flashlight and Audio frequency are special applications and some series of electrolytic capacitors are special designed for these applications wearing names like “Electrolytic capacitors for audio applications”, if you want I can give datasheet references
: sorry,I forgot this, here the specified values out of IEC 62391-1
:added in the meantime
:This table has a precursor , many “highs” have “survived”. A high for prices to specify is impossible.
:The dielectric is characteristic of a capacitor type (or family) not the electrodes for conventional capacitors. For supercapacitors it is different.
:It is the “official” description of IEC "non solid" and add the common used terms "wet" or "liquid", please see paragraph "Standards"
:Sorry, ESR is described in Wiki
Application of metallic contact layer ("schoopage") — The projecting end electrodes are covered with a liquefied contact metal such as (tin, zinc or aluminum), which is sprayed with compressed air on both lateral ends of the winding. This metallizing process is named schoopage after Swiss engineer Max Schoop, who invented a combustion spray application for tin and lead. See ref [7] in Film capacitor or [2]
The waveform is any you like. You have to calculate by Fourier analysis a waveform given from the application into the Root mean square [RMS] value, that is the “effective” value.
Sorry, this question I don’t understand
bipolar is used for electrolytic capacitors with two anode foils in series connection makes a non-polar electrolytic capacitor, non-polar is used for film and ceramic capacitors are not polarized by their dielectric used
Sorry, if you don’t understand a series-equivalent circuit I can’t help you. Basics of understanding electronic circuits is something you have to have if you want to understand capacitors.
No, nothing exist something for Tantalum capacitors with solid electrolyte like “wet slug” for tantalum electrolytic capacitors with non solid electrolyte.
Greatings -- Elcap ( talk) 08:52, 11 March 2013 (UTC)
Question 1: As modern electronic equipment gained the capacity to handle power levels that were previously the exclusive domain of "electrical power"[clarification needed] components, the distinction between the "electronic" and "electrical" power ratings blurred. Historically, the boundary between these two families was approximately at a reactive power of 200 volt-amps.
Answer: The boundary of app. 200VA is descended from the 1950s, 1960s. At this time the first fluorescent lamps (typical power 200VA) start to be a mass market. Because a lot of lamps would sold to the government, the industry, military it was typical an “electric” market. Since that times also the radio and later the TV market explode. This was and is an “electronic” market, because the customers are mostly private consumers. But as of 1990 and later the power electronic with Thyristors, GTO’s and other components coming from electronic manufacturers, gets higher and higher power handling. So as of 2000 latest the boundary between electric and electronic power rating blurred.
Question 2: Wet tantalum (wet slug) Lowest leakage among electrolytics. Voltage up to 630 V (tantalum film) or 125 V (tantalum sinter body). Hermetically sealed. Stable and reliable. Military and space applications.[clarification needed],
Answer: This capacitors are so expensive and other cheaper types like aluminum electrolytic, ceramic or film capacitors mostly can fulfill the same requirement, that only military remains as customer because this wet slug capacitors have military approvals
Question 3: Air gap tuning capacitors. For high professional devices.[clarification needed
Answer: May be you know some extremely expensive audio sets. For this “Bang & Olafson” devices air gap tunining capacitors with ball bearing axis are used.
Question 4: The temperature coefficient is expressed in parts per million (ppm) per degree Celsius for class 1 ceramic capacitors or in %[clarification needed] over the total temperature range for all others.
Answer: Definition regarding to IEC 60384-1
I delete all "clarification needed" remarks Greatings-- Elcap ( talk) 08:31, 12 March 2013 (UTC)
None of the capacitor datasheets I've read this week use the word "proof". Is "voltage proof" (used 8 times in this article) yet another synonym for "working voltage", "rated voltage", "operating voltage", "guaranteed voltage", "nominal voltage", "the voltage written on the capacitor", etc.? Would this article be easier to understand if we replaced "voltage proof" with one of those synonyms? -- DavidCary ( talk) 17:36, 3 January 2014 (UTC)
Class 1, Memory backup, discharge current in mA = 1 • C (F) Class 2, Energy storage, discharge current in mA = 0.4 • C (F) • V (V) Class 3, Power, discharge current in mA = 4 • C (F) • V (V) Class 4, Instantaneous power, discharge current in mA = 40 • C (F) • V (V)
Missing from this article is the 3-terminal capacitor. They are extensively used these days for suppressing radio-frequency interference as they internally cancel out the effects of unwanted inductance and so can work well over 1GHz. Normal capacitors don't work much above 100MHz.
Here is an example data sheet: [ [3]]
Although I use them, I don't have expert knowledge of this and I can't face the prospect of fighting any edit war that might arise if I try to put this in the article. But hopefully someone can. Man with two legs ( talk) 16:05, 10 September 2014 (UTC)
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A cheap, new type of super capacitor has just been invented at MIT: https://newatlas.com/architecture/mit-concrete-supercapacitor Basvossen ( talk) 01:02, 3 August 2023 (UTC)