TMEM255A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | TMEM255A, FAM70A, transmembrane protein 255A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | MGI: 3045722; HomoloGene: 9927; GeneCards: TMEM255A; OMA: TMEM255A - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transmembrane protein 255A [5] is a protein that is encoded by the TMEM255A gene. [6] TMEM255A is often referred to as family with sequence similarity 70, member A (FAM70A). [7] The TMEM255A protein is transmembrane and is predicted to be located the nuclear envelope of eukaryote organisms. [8]
The TMEM25A gene (often referred to as Family with Sequence Similarity 70 Member A; FAM70A) is located on Xq24, spanning 60,555 base pairs. [10] TMEM255A is flanked by the genes ATPase Na+/K+ transporting family member beta 4 ( ATP1B4) and NFKB activating protein pseudogene 1 ( NKAPP1). [11]
There are three variants of the transcript seen, where isoform 1 is the longest. The 5’- and 3’- UTRs of the mRNA spans 227 and 2207 base pairs, respectively, and are predicted to contain several stem-loops. [12] The mRNA is 3512 base pairs long and the gene consists of 9 exons. [13]
The longest protein encoded for is isoform 1, which spans 349 amino acids, and is predicted to have a molecular weight at 38 kDa and isoelectric point at pH 7.89. [15] [16] [17] Compared to the average vertebrate protein, TMEM255A is rich in aspartic acid, isoleucine, proline and tyrosine, and relatively poor in glutamic acid and lysine. [18] No charge clusters have been found in this protein.
The protein is predicted to be post-translationally modified by phosphorylation and glycosylation. [19] The protein is predicted to have four transmembrane domains in the nuclear membrane. The structure of the protein is predicted to be helical in the transmembrane domains. [20] [21] [22] Disulfide bonds are predicted to be found in the region in between transmembrane domains 3 and 4, which indicates that this particular region is located in the nucleoplasm. [23] [24] [25] [26]
Isoform | Accession number | Description | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | NP_060408.3 | The longest transcript and isoform | |
2 | NP_001098014.1 | Shorter protein product than isoform 1, lacks one in-frame alternative midsection exon | |
3 | NP_001098015.1 | Lacks three in-frame exons. Shorter than isoform 1 and 2. |
TMEM255A is predicted to be most abundantly expressed in nerve, brain, testis, ovary, thymus and kidney. The protein is expressed in a variety of tissues, but at relatively moderate levels. [27] [28] [29]
Both the 5' and 3' Untranslated Regions (UTRs) are predicted to consist of several stem-loops. [30] The 3' UTR also contain a conserved miRNA target site (amino acids 22-29). [31] Phosphorylation and glycosylation sites have also been predicted in TMEM255A. [32] [33]
Affinity Capture MS experimentally predicts that TMEM255A interacts with ten different proteins; Ankyrin repeat domain 13D ( ANKRD13D), Collagen beta (1-O) galactosyltransferase 2 (COLGALT2), Grancalcin ( GCA), Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH), Potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 2 (KCTD2), Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 ( NEDD4), SEC24 family member B ( SEC24D), Ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing B (UBASH3D), WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 and 2 ( WWP1, WWP2) - most of these are included in ubiquitination processes, transcription regulation and protein degradation. [34]
TMEM255A is predicted to be highly expressed in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α-upregulated glioblastoma multiforme cells (specific gene function not yet fully established). [35] Ongoing research is investigating the possibility of TMEM255A to be used in personalized immunotherapy. [36]
There is one known paralog for TMEM255A, called TMEM255B, which is found on chromosome 13 (position 13q34). [37] TMEM255A is only found in the kingdom of animalia, and its most distant homolog is found in invertebrata (i.e. Saccoglossus kowalenskii).
Species | NCBI Accession # | Divergence (MYA) | Sequence Length (aa) | Sequence ID (%) | Sequence Similarity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens (Human) | NP_060408.3 | - | 349 | 100 | 100 |
Elephantulus edwardii (Cape Elephant Shrew) | XP_006893850.1 | 105 | 351 | 97 | 98 |
Gallus gallus (Chicken) | XP_015134112.1 | 312 | 323 | 79 | 84 |
Chrysemys picta bellii (Painted turtle) | XP_008167250.1 | 312 | 323 | 79 | 84 |
Nanorana parkeri (High Himalaya frog) | XP_018415588.1 | 352 | 327 | 69 | 77 |
Cyprinus carpio (Common carp) | XP_018971120.1 | 435 | 342 | 58 | 67 |
Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Acorn worm) | XP_006819139.1 | 684 | 351 | 23 | 45 |
{{
cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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TMEM255A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | TMEM255A, FAM70A, transmembrane protein 255A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | MGI: 3045722; HomoloGene: 9927; GeneCards: TMEM255A; OMA: TMEM255A - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Transmembrane protein 255A [5] is a protein that is encoded by the TMEM255A gene. [6] TMEM255A is often referred to as family with sequence similarity 70, member A (FAM70A). [7] The TMEM255A protein is transmembrane and is predicted to be located the nuclear envelope of eukaryote organisms. [8]
The TMEM25A gene (often referred to as Family with Sequence Similarity 70 Member A; FAM70A) is located on Xq24, spanning 60,555 base pairs. [10] TMEM255A is flanked by the genes ATPase Na+/K+ transporting family member beta 4 ( ATP1B4) and NFKB activating protein pseudogene 1 ( NKAPP1). [11]
There are three variants of the transcript seen, where isoform 1 is the longest. The 5’- and 3’- UTRs of the mRNA spans 227 and 2207 base pairs, respectively, and are predicted to contain several stem-loops. [12] The mRNA is 3512 base pairs long and the gene consists of 9 exons. [13]
The longest protein encoded for is isoform 1, which spans 349 amino acids, and is predicted to have a molecular weight at 38 kDa and isoelectric point at pH 7.89. [15] [16] [17] Compared to the average vertebrate protein, TMEM255A is rich in aspartic acid, isoleucine, proline and tyrosine, and relatively poor in glutamic acid and lysine. [18] No charge clusters have been found in this protein.
The protein is predicted to be post-translationally modified by phosphorylation and glycosylation. [19] The protein is predicted to have four transmembrane domains in the nuclear membrane. The structure of the protein is predicted to be helical in the transmembrane domains. [20] [21] [22] Disulfide bonds are predicted to be found in the region in between transmembrane domains 3 and 4, which indicates that this particular region is located in the nucleoplasm. [23] [24] [25] [26]
Isoform | Accession number | Description | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | NP_060408.3 | The longest transcript and isoform | |
2 | NP_001098014.1 | Shorter protein product than isoform 1, lacks one in-frame alternative midsection exon | |
3 | NP_001098015.1 | Lacks three in-frame exons. Shorter than isoform 1 and 2. |
TMEM255A is predicted to be most abundantly expressed in nerve, brain, testis, ovary, thymus and kidney. The protein is expressed in a variety of tissues, but at relatively moderate levels. [27] [28] [29]
Both the 5' and 3' Untranslated Regions (UTRs) are predicted to consist of several stem-loops. [30] The 3' UTR also contain a conserved miRNA target site (amino acids 22-29). [31] Phosphorylation and glycosylation sites have also been predicted in TMEM255A. [32] [33]
Affinity Capture MS experimentally predicts that TMEM255A interacts with ten different proteins; Ankyrin repeat domain 13D ( ANKRD13D), Collagen beta (1-O) galactosyltransferase 2 (COLGALT2), Grancalcin ( GCA), Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH), Potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 2 (KCTD2), Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 ( NEDD4), SEC24 family member B ( SEC24D), Ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing B (UBASH3D), WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 and 2 ( WWP1, WWP2) - most of these are included in ubiquitination processes, transcription regulation and protein degradation. [34]
TMEM255A is predicted to be highly expressed in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α-upregulated glioblastoma multiforme cells (specific gene function not yet fully established). [35] Ongoing research is investigating the possibility of TMEM255A to be used in personalized immunotherapy. [36]
There is one known paralog for TMEM255A, called TMEM255B, which is found on chromosome 13 (position 13q34). [37] TMEM255A is only found in the kingdom of animalia, and its most distant homolog is found in invertebrata (i.e. Saccoglossus kowalenskii).
Species | NCBI Accession # | Divergence (MYA) | Sequence Length (aa) | Sequence ID (%) | Sequence Similarity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens (Human) | NP_060408.3 | - | 349 | 100 | 100 |
Elephantulus edwardii (Cape Elephant Shrew) | XP_006893850.1 | 105 | 351 | 97 | 98 |
Gallus gallus (Chicken) | XP_015134112.1 | 312 | 323 | 79 | 84 |
Chrysemys picta bellii (Painted turtle) | XP_008167250.1 | 312 | 323 | 79 | 84 |
Nanorana parkeri (High Himalaya frog) | XP_018415588.1 | 352 | 327 | 69 | 77 |
Cyprinus carpio (Common carp) | XP_018971120.1 | 435 | 342 | 58 | 67 |
Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Acorn worm) | XP_006819139.1 | 684 | 351 | 23 | 45 |
{{
cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)