Sperm-associated antigen 1 is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the SPAG1gene.[5][6]
Function
The correlation of
anti-sperm antibodies with cases of unexplained
infertility implicates a role for these antibodies in blocking fertilization. Improved diagnosis and treatment of
immunologic infertility, as well as identification of proteins for targeted
contraception, are dependent on the identification and characterization of relevant sperm
antigens.
The protein expressed by this gene is recognized by anti-sperm agglutinating antibodies from an infertile woman. Furthermore,
immunization of female rats with the recombinant human protein reduced fertility. This protein localizes to the
plasma membrane of germ cells in the testis and to the post-acrosomal plasma membrane of mature
spermatozoa.
Recombinant
polypeptide binds GTP and exhibits
GTPase activity. Thus, this protein may regulate GTP
signal transduction pathways involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization. Two transcript variants of this gene encode the same protein.[6]
Zhang ML, Wang LF, Miao SY, Koide SS (December 1992). "Isolation and sequencing of the cDNA encoding the 75-kD human sperm protein related to infertility". Chinese Medical Journal. 105 (12): 998–1003.
PMID1299558.
Takaishi M, Huh N (October 1999). "A tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein gene, tpis, whose expression is induced with differentiation of spermatogenic cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 264 (1): 81–5.
doi:
10.1006/bbrc.1999.1477.
PMID10527845.
Kanazawa R, Komori S, Sakata K, Tanaka H, Sawai H, Tsuji Y, Koyama K (August 2003). "Isolation and characterization of a human sperm antigen gene h-Sp-1". International Journal of Andrology. 26 (4): 226–35.
doi:
10.1046/j.1365-2605.2003.00418.x.
PMID12846798.
Neesse A, Gangeswaran R, Luettges J, Feakins R, Weeks ME, Lemoine NR, Crnogorac-Jurcevic T (March 2007). "Sperm-associated antigen 1 is expressed early in pancreatic tumorigenesis and promotes motility of cancer cells". Oncogene. 26 (11): 1533–45.
doi:
10.1038/sj.onc.1209961.
PMID16983343.
S2CID1103473.
Sperm-associated antigen 1 is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the SPAG1gene.[5][6]
Function
The correlation of
anti-sperm antibodies with cases of unexplained
infertility implicates a role for these antibodies in blocking fertilization. Improved diagnosis and treatment of
immunologic infertility, as well as identification of proteins for targeted
contraception, are dependent on the identification and characterization of relevant sperm
antigens.
The protein expressed by this gene is recognized by anti-sperm agglutinating antibodies from an infertile woman. Furthermore,
immunization of female rats with the recombinant human protein reduced fertility. This protein localizes to the
plasma membrane of germ cells in the testis and to the post-acrosomal plasma membrane of mature
spermatozoa.
Recombinant
polypeptide binds GTP and exhibits
GTPase activity. Thus, this protein may regulate GTP
signal transduction pathways involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization. Two transcript variants of this gene encode the same protein.[6]
Zhang ML, Wang LF, Miao SY, Koide SS (December 1992). "Isolation and sequencing of the cDNA encoding the 75-kD human sperm protein related to infertility". Chinese Medical Journal. 105 (12): 998–1003.
PMID1299558.
Takaishi M, Huh N (October 1999). "A tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein gene, tpis, whose expression is induced with differentiation of spermatogenic cells". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 264 (1): 81–5.
doi:
10.1006/bbrc.1999.1477.
PMID10527845.
Kanazawa R, Komori S, Sakata K, Tanaka H, Sawai H, Tsuji Y, Koyama K (August 2003). "Isolation and characterization of a human sperm antigen gene h-Sp-1". International Journal of Andrology. 26 (4): 226–35.
doi:
10.1046/j.1365-2605.2003.00418.x.
PMID12846798.
Neesse A, Gangeswaran R, Luettges J, Feakins R, Weeks ME, Lemoine NR, Crnogorac-Jurcevic T (March 2007). "Sperm-associated antigen 1 is expressed early in pancreatic tumorigenesis and promotes motility of cancer cells". Oncogene. 26 (11): 1533–45.
doi:
10.1038/sj.onc.1209961.
PMID16983343.
S2CID1103473.