Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{short description|Red cross on a white background}}
{{About||the English national flag|Flag of England|the Glasgow subway station|St George's Cross subway station}}
{{Redirect|Cross of St. George|the Russian military distinction|Cross of St. George (Russia)}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[George Cross]], a British medal}}
[[File:St_George's_Cross.svg|thumb|right|320 px|The Cross of Saint George as a rectangular ([[List of aspect ratios of national flags|3:5 ratio]]) flag.]]
[[File:St. George's Cross (square version).svg|thumb|right|320px|The Cross of Saint George as a square flag.]]
In [[heraldry]], '''Saint George's Cross''' (or the '''Cross of Saint George''') is a red [[heraldic cross|cross]] on a white background, which from the [[Late Middle Ages]] became associated with [[Saint George]], the [[military saint]], often depicted as a [[crusades|crusader]].
Associated with the [[crusades]], the red-on-white cross has its origins in the 10th century. It has been used as the [[Ensign (flag)|ensign]] of the [[Republic of Genoa]] from perhaps as early as the 10th century.
The symbol was adopted by the [[Swabian League]] in the pre-[[Reformation]] [[Holy Roman Empire]]. [[Saint George|George]] became associated as [[Patronages of Saint George |patron]] saint of [[kingdom of England|England]] in the fourteenth century, replacing St [[Edmund the Martyr]]. Since then this flag is commonly identified as the national [[flag of England]]. Saint George is the patron saint of the Spanish semi-autonomous region of [[Catalonia]] and of the country of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It figures in the [[coat of arms of Barcelona]]. The [[Flag of Georgia (country)|national flag of Georgia]] supplements this cross with [[Jerusalem cross]]es.
Across the rest of [[Northern Italy]] as the symbol of [[Bologna]], [[Genoa]], [[Padua]], [[Reggio Emilia]], [[Mantua]], [[Vercelli]] and [[Alessandria]], the form has only received a cult of Saint George bolstering and simplification to the cross of Saint [[Ambrose]], the origin of the cross in their civic designs, as the latter was adopted by the Commune of [[Milan]] in 1045, Ambrose having been a late 4th-century bishop of that city.<ref>[http://mediagallery.comune.milano.it/cdm/objects/changeme:86704/datastreams/dataStream25815397508522062/content?pgpath=/SA_SiteContent/SEGUI_AMMINISTRAZIONE/PATROCINIO_COMUNALE/Patrocinio__comunale Official site of Commune of Milan. Historical background]. The chronicles say it was chosen as a combination of the ancient white flag of Milanese plebs,<!-- ? --> attested in 1038 during [[Conrad II]]'s siege of Milan, and the red [[cross pattée]] that was an ancient symbol of Lombard nobility. It is also attested, in this older version, in a diplomatic letter dated 1155. See also: [https://digilander.libero.it/breschirob/milano.html Evolution of Milan's flag].</ref>
==Origins and medieval use==
{{further|Flag of Genoa}}
[[File:St George BNF Fr 241 101v.jpg|thumb|Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the ''[[Golden Legend|Legenda Aurea]]'', dated 1348 (BNF Français 241, fol. 101v.)]]
[[File:Saint George Knight in Vies de Saints Manuscrit 588 f. 113 c1290-1310.jpg|thumb|Saint George as a crusader knight, miniature from a ms. of ''Vies de Saints'', {{Circa|1310}} (Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Ms. 588)]]
[[File:St George Royal19BXVII 109.jpg|thumb|Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the '' Legenda Aurea'', Paris, 1382 (BL Royal 19 B XVII, f. 109).]]
[[Saint George]] became widely venerated as a [[warrior saint]] during the [[Third Crusade]]. There was a legend that he had miraculously assisted [[Godfrey of Bouillon]]; also that [[Richard the Lionheart]] had placed himself under his protection.<ref>William Woo Seymour, ''The Cross in Tradition, History and Art'', 1898, [https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/386/mode/2up p. 387]</ref>
According to legend, the crusaders received miraculous help at the [[siege of Antioch]] on 28 June 1098 from a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners, led by St George, St Demetrius, and St Mercurius. However, there was no association of the red cross with St George before the end of the crusades.<ref>Perrin, ''British Flags'' (1922), [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up p. 20]: "they imagined that they had seen a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners in their hands, issue from the neighbouring mountains and come to their assistance. The leaders of this ghostly army, recognised by their names written on their banners, were St George, Saint Demetrius, and St Mercurius. If at this time the red cross had become the distinctive sign of St George one or other of these writers would surely have mentioned it, but all agree that the banners were white."</ref>
The ''red'' cross in particular was associated with the [[Knights Templar]], from the time of the [[Second Crusade]] (1145),<ref>Barber, ''The New Knighthood'', p. 66: "According to William of Tyre it was under Eugenius III that the Templars received the right to wear the characteristic red cross upon their tunics, symbolising their willingness to suffer martyrdom in the defence of the Holy Land." (WT, 12.7, p. 554. James of Vitry, 'Historia Hierosolimatana', ed. J. ars, ''Gesta Dei per Francos'', vol I (ii), Hanover, 1611, p. 1083, interprets this as a sign of martyrdom.)</ref>
but in 1188 red and white crosses were chosen to identify the French and English troops in the "Kings' Crusade" of [[Philip II of France]] and [[Henry II of England]], respectively.
Together with the [[Jerusalem Cross]], the plain red-on-white became a recognizable symbol of the crusader from about 1190, and in the 13th century it came to be used as a standard or emblem by numerous leaders or polities who wanted to associate themselves with the crusades.{{Clarify|date=April 2013}}
The red-on-white combination was chosen by the Kingdom of [[coat of arms of Aragon|Aragon]], among others.
Saint George was depicted as a crusader knight during this time, but the red cross had no particular association with him. A [[:File:Affreschi cripta santa maria1.JPG|crusader-era fresco]] in the crypt of [[Trani cathedral]] shows Saint George wearing a white cross on a red surcoat. The white-on-red version was chosen as the {{lang|de|[[Flags of the Holy Roman Empire#War_flag|Reichsbanner]]}} ("imperial banner") by the German crusaders in the 12th century, and [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Frederick II]] used it in his European campaigns of the 1250s after he had returned from the crusades. It continued to be used as the {{lang|de|Reichssturmfahne}} ("imperial war flag") of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], eventually giving rise to the [[flag of Savoy]] and the present-day flags of [[flag of Switzerland|Switzerland]] and [[flag of Denmark|Denmark]]. Via the conflict between [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|(pro-Pope) Guelphs and (pro-Imperial) Ghibellines]], the cross entered the heraldry of several north Italian principalities.
A {{lang|la|vexillum beati Georgii}} is mentioned in the Genovese annals for the year 1198, referring to a red flag with a depiction of St George and the dragon. An illumination{{clarify|date=January 2018}} of this flag is shown in the annals for the year 1227. The Genoese flag with the red cross was used alongside this "George's flag", from at least 1218, and was known as the {{lang|la|insignia cruxata comunis Janue}} ("cross ensign of the commune of Janua"). The flag showing the saint himself was the city's principal war flag, but the flag showing the plain cross was used alongside it in the 1240s.<ref>Aldo Ziggioto, "Genova", in ''Vexilla Italica'' 1, XX (1993); Aldo Ziggioto, "Le Bandiere degli Stati Italiani", in ''Armi Antiche'' 1994, cited after [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/it-genoa.html Pier Paolo Lugli, 18 July 2000] on ''[[Flags of the World (website)|Flags of the World]]''.</ref>
The cross ceased to be a symbol directly associated with the "taking of the cross", the resolve to fight in a crusade, after the failure of the crusades in the 14th century. With the development of systematic [[heraldry]], there was great demand for variations of the cross symbol and associated terminology. [[Juliana Berners]] reports that there were ''Crossis innumerabull born dayli''. The term "St George's cross" was at first associated with any plain [[Greek cross]] touching the edges of the field (not necessarily red on white).<ref>William Woo Seymour, ''The Cross in Tradition, History and Art'', 1898, [https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/362/mode/2up/search/George p. 363]</ref>
Early representations of Saint George as a crusader knight with bearing a red-on-white cross still date to the late 13th century,<ref>E.g., Bibliothèque municipale de Valenciennes ms. 838, a martyrology dated to the last quarter of the 13th century, depicting St George in miniature on fol. 78v. ([http://manuscriptminiatures.com/4850/11962/ /manuscriptminiatures.com], [http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/valenciennes_371-01.htm enluminures.culture.fr])</ref> and become widespread as the saint's [[attributed arms]] in the 14th and 15th centuries.
[[Edward III of England]] chose Saint George as the patron saint of his [[Order of the Garter]] in 1348, and also took to using a red-on-white cross in the hoist of his [[Royal Standards of England|Royal Standard]].
==England==
[[File:BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg|thumb|upright|Saint George with an [[earl of Lancaster]] (probably [[Edmund Crouchback]]), from an English Book of Hours, {{circa|1330}}.]]
[[File:St George's flag on Leeds Town Hall.jpg|thumb|left|Saint George's flag flying on [[Leeds Town Hall]] (2009).]]
{{Main|Flag of England}}
===Origin===
There was a historiographical memes claiming that Richard the Lionheart himself adopted both the flag and the patron saint from Genoa at some point during his crusade. This idea can be traced to the Victorian era, Perrin (1922) refers to it as a "common belief", and it is still popularly repeated today even though it cannot be substantiated as historical.
On the origins of the flag and its connection to the Genoese flag, [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent]], said in a speech in [[Genoa]] in 1992:
<blockquote>The St. George's flag, a red cross on a white field, was adopted by England and the City of London in 1190 for their ships entering the Mediterranean to benefit from the protection of the Genoese fleet. The English Monarch paid an annual tribute to the Doge of Genoa for this privilege.<ref> Celia Lee, ''HRH The Duke of Kent: A Life of Service'' (2015), [https://books.google.com/books?id=BBkvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT82 p. 82]</ref></blockquote>
The red cross was introduced to England by the late 13th century, but not as a flag, and not at the time associated with Saint George. It was worn by English soldiers as an identification from the early years of the reign of [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] (1270s),<ref>"I have been unable to find any solid ground for the common belief that the cross of St George was introduced as the national emblem of England by Richard I, and am of opinion that it did not begin to attain that position until the first years of the reign of Edward I." Perrin, ''British Flags'', 1922, [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/n15/mode/2up p. 15]</ref><ref>Perrin, ''British Flags'', 1922, [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up p. 20].</ref> and perhaps originated a few years earlier, in the [[Second Barons' War]] (specifically in the [[Battle of Evesham]] of 1265, during which, according to chronicler [[William Rishanger]], [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]] observed that the king had taken from him the idea of having his soldiers marked with a cross).<ref>"[W]hen Montfort saw the advance of the royal troops [wearing a red cross as their distinguishing mark], he exclaimed that 'They have not learned that for themselves, but were taught it by me.{{'"}} M. Prestwich, ''Plantagenet England: 1225-1360'' (2005), p. 51.</ref>
[[Saint George]] rose to the position of "patron saint of England" in a process beginning in 1348 with the foundation of the [[Order of the Garter]] and culminating with the abolition of all saint's banners except for the [[Flag of England|St George's banner]] in 1552. From 1348 and throughout the 15th century, the Saint George's Cross was shown in the hoist of the [[Royal Standards of England|Royal Standards]] of the [[House of Plantagenet|Plantagenet]] kings of England.
=== Flag ===
[[File:Flag of England.svg|thumb|[[Flag of England]]]]
[[File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg|thumb|[[Union Jack]]]]
[[File:Flag of Georgia.svg|thumb|The [[Flag of Georgia (country)|Flag of Georgia]] with Saint George cross in middle]]
[[File:Flag of Barcelona.svg|thumb|right|The [[flag of Barcelona]]]]
[[File:Flag_of_Genoa.svg|thumb|[[Flag of Genoa]]]]
[[File:Flag of Sardinia, Italy.svg|thumb|The [[Flag of Sardinia]] with Saint George cross in middle]]
[[File:Civil Flag and Civil Ensign of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1816-1848).svg|thumb|right|The [[flag of Sardinia|flag of Piedmont–Sardinia]]]]
A [[Flag of the United Kingdom|combined British flag]] was created in 1606 (after the [[personal union|dynastic union]] of England and [[Scotland]] in 1603, the so-called "[[Union of the Crowns]]") by combining Saint George's Cross with the [[Saltire|Saint Andrew's Cross]] (the [[flag of Scotland]]). The flag was initially for maritime display, later restricted to the King's ships. Afterwards, the Saint George flag remained the flag of England for other purposes until the [[Acts of Union 1707]]. At the union, the first [[Union Flag]] became official for all purposes in the new [[Kingdom of Great Britain]].
From this time, the Saint George's Cross came to be seen as a symbol of [[England and Wales]] when used alongside symbols for Scotland or Ireland; so in the [[flags of the Commonwealth of England]] during 1649 to 1660.
The flag of Saint George is also the rank flag of an [[Admiral (United Kingdom)|Admiral]] in the [[Royal Navy]], and civilian craft are forbidden to fly it. However, surviving [[little ships of Dunkirk]], which participated in the [[Dunkirk evacuation]] during [[World War II]], are allowed to fly it as a [[jack (flag)|jack]]. This is normally done in the [[Defacement (flag)|defaced]] form of the [[Dunkirk jack#Dunkirk jack|Dunkirk jack]].
Churches belonging to the [[Church of England]] may fly the Saint George's Cross (unless another flag is flown by custom for special reasons). The correct way for the church to fly the Saint George's cross (since an order from the [[Earl Marshal]] in 1938) is with the arms of the [[diocese]] in the upper left-hand corner of the flag.<ref name="cofe">[https://www.fotw.info/flags/gb_coe.html#use Church of England - Use of the flag]; ''[[Flags of the World (website)|Flags of the World]]''; 23 October 2008</ref>
The flag of St George has enjoyed a resurgence in popularity since the late 20th century, partly due to football-inspired nationalism, and also in response to the devolution movements in [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]].<ref name="independent">{{cite news |title=Identity parade: What do flags say about nations – and human nature? |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/identity-parade-what-do-flags-say-about-nations--ndash-and-human-nature-1951698.html |date=23 April 2010 |work=The Independent |first=Michael |last=McCarthy |access-date=12 January 2012}}</ref>
During the 2010 World Cup, UK Prime Minister David Cameron told Parliament that the flag would fly above his official residence at "no extra cost to the tax payer" while England played in the contest.
===Derived usage===
{{main|Flag of England}}
Most of the derived usage is from the flag of England. That article has illustrations of its derivations particularly across Canada, eastern Australia, the Caribbean and the Channel Islands apart from Jersey since Guernsey commonly used the English flag from 1936 (then moved to its present variant in 1985), however the illustrations below have an extremely complex or nil derivation from that flag.
The [[flag of the City of London]] use the St George's Cross on a white background, with a red [[sword]] in the canton. The sword is believed to represent the sword that beheaded [[Saint Paul (apostle)|Saint Paul]] who is the patron saint of the city.<ref name="BFN">[http://www.britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html City of London] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123111156/http://britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html |date=23 January 2009 }}, Britishflags.net</ref>
<gallery>
File:Flag of Abkhazia (GE).svg|[[Abkhazia|Proposed flag of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia]]
File:Flag of Adjara.svg|[[Flag of Adjara]]
File:Flag of the City of London.svg|[[Flag of the City of London]]
</gallery>
==Georgia==
{{Main|Coat of arms of Georgia (country)|Flag of Georgia (country)}}
[[Saint George]] is the patron saint of the nation of Georgia, and the Saint George flag was [[attributed arms|supposedly]] used in the 5th century by [[kingdom of Georgia|Georgian king]] [[Vakhtang Gorgasali]].<ref>Theodore E. Dowling, ''Sketches of Georgian Church History'', New York, p. 54</ref>{{Dubious|reason=Georgia's flag in the 5th century?|date=October 2011}} In the 13th century, Queen [[Tamar of Georgia]] used the Saint George flag during her campaign against [[Great Seljuq Empire|Seljuk]] Turks. The four [[Jerusalem]] crosses were later added by King [[George V of Georgia]], who drove out the [[Mongols]] from Georgia in 1334.
The flag fell out during the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] annexation of Georgia and abolition of the [[Bagrationi Dynasty|Georgian monarchy]]. However, the flag was revived by the Georgian patriotic movement in the 1990s. A majority of Georgians supported the restoration of the medieval flag of Georgia, including the influential Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia [[Ilia II]] of the [[Georgian Orthodox Church]]. The flag was finally adopted by the [[Parliament of Georgia|Georgian parliament]] on 14 January 2004. It was formally endorsed by a presidential decree signed by [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] on 25 January, following his election as [[President of Georgia]]. The Georgian Navy's naval ensign also used a St. George's Cross during its existence.
==Other==
[[File:Frimurarkors.svg|thumb|Saint George's cross as used in Sweden and Finland]]
{{Multiple image
|perrow=3
|image1=Naval Ensign of the Bahamas.svg
|image2=Naval Ensign of Jamaica.svg
|image3=Naval Ensign of Latvia.svg
|image4=Naval Ensign of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg
|image5=Naval ensign of South Africa.svg
|image6=Naval Ensign of Ukraine.svg
|footer=The naval ensigns of the Bahamas, Jamaica, Latvia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa, and Ukraine incorporates St. George's Crosses.}}
*The [[flag of Barcelona]] combines the [[St George's Cross|cross of Saint George]], the patron saint of [[Catalonia]], with the traditional red and yellow bars of the [[Senyera]], the ancient symbol of the [[Crown of Aragon]] (here, the bars are vertical, though the modern [[Senyera|flag of Catalonia]] has horizontal stripes).<ref name="vexicat">{{cite web|url=http://www.vexi.cat/vexicat/ComunicacionBuenosAires.pdf|title=La bandera de Barcelona, 1991-2005|last=Herreros i Agüí|first=Sebastià|date=2005|trans-title=The flag of Barcelona, 1991-2005|publisher=International Congress of Vexillology - Vexilobaires |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref>
*The flag of [[Almería]], Spain, consist of a St George's Cross.
*The crest of [[Royal St. George's College]] in Toronto, Canada, contains a St George's Cross.
*The Indian naval flag used to feature a St. George Cross until it was removed in 2022
*Both the [[flag of Sardinia]] and the [[flag of Corsica]] are derived from the Four Moors flag, also known as the "Cross of Alcoraz". This consists of a red cross of Saint George on a white background with a ''maure'' (moor's head) in each quarter. This is also found in the flag of [[Aragon]], (Spain), and is based on a war flag of the [[Reconquista]] following the [[Battle of Alcoraz]] in 1096.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk/blindfolded-moors-the-flags-of-corsica-and-sardinia/|title=Blindfolded moors – the flags of Corsica and Sardinia – Almost History|last=Curry|first=Ian|date=16 November 2018 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref>
*The flag and arms of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]], Germany, consist of a St George's Cross, as St George is one of the city's patron saints.
*In [[Sweden]], the term "Saint George's cross" sometimes refers to the [[Cross pattée]] used by [[Swedish Freemasons]].<ref>''Nationalencyklopedin'', [http://www.ne.se/georgskors "Georgskors"], retrieved 12 August 2010. Swedish.</ref> For example, the cross of the [[Swedish Order of Freemasons]] was defined by the [[Monarchy of Sweden|King of Sweden]] in 1928 to be a "red St George's cross with triangular arms".<ref>
{{Citation
|author = Norrgård, Leif
|title = Frimurarkorset – symbol med dunkelt ursprung
|url = http://issuu.com/svenskafrimurareorden/docs/frimuraren_nummer_1_2009/31
|magazine = Frimuraren
|date = 2009-02-18
|pages = 31–32
|access-date = 3 February 2015
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160818163223/https://image.issuu.com/140530184640-5a4a54d4b88d5d03b80ec1db68b2babe/jpg/page_31.jpg
|archive-date = 2016-08-18
|url-status = live
|publisher = [[Swedish Order of Freemasons]]
|id = 1651-35766
|issue = 1
|language = sv
}}.
</ref>
*In [[Finland]], the Cross pattée is called ''Yrjön risti'', "George's cross", while the red cross on a white background is called ''Pyhän Yrjön risti'', "Saint George's cross".<ref> Kimmo Kara, Vaakunaselitys, Helsinki 1989, {{ISSN|0784-7602}}, p. 49 51</ref>
* Some British Commonwealth countries used the St. George's Cross on their naval ensigns, including the Bahamas, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa.
* The naval jack of Italy contains a St. George's Cross on the second quarter.
* Naval flags of [[Latvia]], contain a St. George's Cross coloured in the same pattern as the Latvian national flag.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}
* Depicted on the trumpet banner of the Angel from the Judgement card in the Tarot Deck.
* The naval ensign of Ukraine contains a St. George's Cross.
{{Clear}}
==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Cross of Saint George}}
* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/gb-eng.html Flag of England] at FOTW
* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/rel-stgb.html Banners of English saints] at FOTW
{{Saint George}}
{{Navboxes
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{{Symbols of Georgia (country)}}
{{Georgia (country) topics}}
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[[Category:12th-century introductions]]
[[Category:Cross symbols]]
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[[Category:Catalan symbols]]
[[Category:Saint George (martyr)]]
[[Category:Crosses in heraldry|Saint George]]
[[Category:Flags of saints]]
[[Category:Flags with crosses]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Red cross on a white background}}
{{About||the English national flag|Flag of England|the Glasgow subway station|St George's Cross subway station}}
{{Redirect|Cross of St. George|the Russian military distinction|Cross of St. George (Russia)}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[George Cross]], a British medal}}
[[File:St_George's_Cross.svg|thumb|right|320 px|The Cross of Saint George as a rectangular ([[List of aspect ratios of national flags|3:5 ratio]]) flag.]]
[[File:St. George's Cross (square version).svg|thumb|right|320px|The Cross of Saint George as a square flag.]]
In [[heraldry]], '''Saint George's Cross''' (or the '''Cross of Saint George''') is a red [[heraldic cross|cross]] on a white background, which from the [[Late Middle Ages]] became associated with [[Saint George]], the [[military saint]], often depicted as a [[crusades|crusader]].
Associated with the [[crusades]], the red-on-white cross has its origins in the 10th century. It has been used as the [[Ensign (flag)|ensign]] of the [[Republic of Genoa]] from perhaps as early as the 10th century.
The symbol was adopted by the [[Swabian League]] in the pre-[[Reformation]] [[Holy Roman Empire]]. [[Saint George|George]] became associated as [[Patronages of Saint George |patron]] saint of [[kingdom of England|England]] in the fourteenth century, replacing St [[Edmund the Martyr]]. Since then this flag is commonly identified as the national [[flag of England]]. Saint George is the patron saint of the Spanish semi-autonomous region of [[Catalonia]] and of the country of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It figures in the [[coat of arms of Barcelona]]. The [[Flag of Georgia (country)|national flag of Georgia]] supplements this cross with [[Jerusalem cross]]es.
Across the rest of [[Northern Italy]] as the symbol of [[Bologna]], [[Genoa]], [[Padua]], [[Reggio Emilia]], [[Mantua]], [[Vercelli]] and [[Alessandria]], the form has only received a cult of Saint George bolstering and simplification to the cross of Saint [[Ambrose]], the origin of the cross in their civic designs, as the latter was adopted by the Commune of [[Milan]] in 1045, Ambrose having been a late 4th-century bishop of that city.<ref>[http://mediagallery.comune.milano.it/cdm/objects/changeme:86704/datastreams/dataStream25815397508522062/content?pgpath=/SA_SiteContent/SEGUI_AMMINISTRAZIONE/PATROCINIO_COMUNALE/Patrocinio__comunale Official site of Commune of Milan. Historical background]. The chronicles say it was chosen as a combination of the ancient white flag of Milanese plebs,<!-- ? --> attested in 1038 during [[Conrad II]]'s siege of Milan, and the red [[cross pattée]] that was an ancient symbol of Lombard nobility. It is also attested, in this older version, in a diplomatic letter dated 1155. See also: [https://digilander.libero.it/breschirob/milano.html Evolution of Milan's flag].</ref>
==Origins and medieval use==
{{further|Flag of Genoa}}
[[File:St George BNF Fr 241 101v.jpg|thumb|Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the ''[[Golden Legend|Legenda Aurea]]'', dated 1348 (BNF Français 241, fol. 101v.)]]
[[File:Saint George Knight in Vies de Saints Manuscrit 588 f. 113 c1290-1310.jpg|thumb|Saint George as a crusader knight, miniature from a ms. of ''Vies de Saints'', {{Circa|1310}} (Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Ms. 588)]]
[[File:St George Royal19BXVII 109.jpg|thumb|Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the '' Legenda Aurea'', Paris, 1382 (BL Royal 19 B XVII, f. 109).]]
[[Saint George]] became widely venerated as a [[warrior saint]] during the [[Third Crusade]]. There was a legend that he had miraculously assisted [[Godfrey of Bouillon]]; also that [[Richard the Lionheart]] had placed himself under his protection.<ref>William Woo Seymour, ''The Cross in Tradition, History and Art'', 1898, [https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/386/mode/2up p. 387]</ref>
According to legend, the crusaders received miraculous help at the [[siege of Antioch]] on 28 June 1098 from a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners, led by St George, St Demetrius, and St Mercurius. However, there was no association of the red cross with St George before the end of the crusades.<ref>Perrin, ''British Flags'' (1922), [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up p. 20]: "they imagined that they had seen a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners in their hands, issue from the neighbouring mountains and come to their assistance. The leaders of this ghostly army, recognised by their names written on their banners, were St George, Saint Demetrius, and St Mercurius. If at this time the red cross had become the distinctive sign of St George one or other of these writers would surely have mentioned it, but all agree that the banners were white."</ref>
The ''red'' cross in particular was associated with the [[Knights Templar]], from the time of the [[Second Crusade]] (1145),<ref>Barber, ''The New Knighthood'', p. 66: "According to William of Tyre it was under Eugenius III that the Templars received the right to wear the characteristic red cross upon their tunics, symbolising their willingness to suffer martyrdom in the defence of the Holy Land." (WT, 12.7, p. 554. James of Vitry, 'Historia Hierosolimatana', ed. J. ars, ''Gesta Dei per Francos'', vol I (ii), Hanover, 1611, p. 1083, interprets this as a sign of martyrdom.)</ref>
but in 1188 red and white crosses were chosen to identify the French and English troops in the "Kings' Crusade" of [[Philip II of France]] and [[Henry II of England]], respectively.
Together with the [[Jerusalem Cross]], the plain red-on-white became a recognizable symbol of the crusader from about 1190, and in the 13th century it came to be used as a standard or emblem by numerous leaders or polities who wanted to associate themselves with the crusades.{{Clarify|date=April 2013}}
The red-on-white combination was chosen by the Kingdom of [[coat of arms of Aragon|Aragon]], among others.
Saint George was depicted as a crusader knight during this time, but the red cross had no particular association with him. A [[:File:Affreschi cripta santa maria1.JPG|crusader-era fresco]] in the crypt of [[Trani cathedral]] shows Saint George wearing a white cross on a red surcoat. The white-on-red version was chosen as the {{lang|de|[[Flags of the Holy Roman Empire#War_flag|Reichsbanner]]}} ("imperial banner") by the German crusaders in the 12th century, and [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Frederick II]] used it in his European campaigns of the 1250s after he had returned from the crusades. It continued to be used as the {{lang|de|Reichssturmfahne}} ("imperial war flag") of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], eventually giving rise to the [[flag of Savoy]] and the present-day flags of [[flag of Switzerland|Switzerland]] and [[flag of Denmark|Denmark]]. Via the conflict between [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|(pro-Pope) Guelphs and (pro-Imperial) Ghibellines]], the cross entered the heraldry of several north Italian principalities.
A {{lang|la|vexillum beati Georgii}} is mentioned in the Genovese annals for the year 1198, referring to a red flag with a depiction of St George and the dragon. An illumination{{clarify|date=January 2018}} of this flag is shown in the annals for the year 1227. The Genoese flag with the red cross was used alongside this "George's flag", from at least 1218, and was known as the {{lang|la|insignia cruxata comunis Janue}} ("cross ensign of the commune of Janua"). The flag showing the saint himself was the city's principal war flag, but the flag showing the plain cross was used alongside it in the 1240s.<ref>Aldo Ziggioto, "Genova", in ''Vexilla Italica'' 1, XX (1993); Aldo Ziggioto, "Le Bandiere degli Stati Italiani", in ''Armi Antiche'' 1994, cited after [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/it-genoa.html Pier Paolo Lugli, 18 July 2000] on ''[[Flags of the World (website)|Flags of the World]]''.</ref>
The cross ceased to be a symbol directly associated with the "taking of the cross", the resolve to fight in a crusade, after the failure of the crusades in the 14th century. With the development of systematic [[heraldry]], there was great demand for variations of the cross symbol and associated terminology. [[Juliana Berners]] reports that there were ''Crossis innumerabull born dayli''. The term "St George's cross" was at first associated with any plain [[Greek cross]] touching the edges of the field (not necessarily red on white).<ref>William Woo Seymour, ''The Cross in Tradition, History and Art'', 1898, [https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/362/mode/2up/search/George p. 363]</ref>
Early representations of Saint George as a crusader knight with bearing a red-on-white cross still date to the late 13th century,<ref>E.g., Bibliothèque municipale de Valenciennes ms. 838, a martyrology dated to the last quarter of the 13th century, depicting St George in miniature on fol. 78v. ([http://manuscriptminiatures.com/4850/11962/ /manuscriptminiatures.com], [http://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/valenciennes_371-01.htm enluminures.culture.fr])</ref> and become widespread as the saint's [[attributed arms]] in the 14th and 15th centuries.
[[Edward III of England]] chose Saint George as the patron saint of his [[Order of the Garter]] in 1348, and also took to using a red-on-white cross in the hoist of his [[Royal Standards of England|Royal Standard]].
==England==
[[File:BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg|thumb|upright|Saint George with an [[earl of Lancaster]] (probably [[Edmund Crouchback]]), from an English Book of Hours, {{circa|1330}}.]]
[[File:St George's flag on Leeds Town Hall.jpg|thumb|left|Saint George's flag flying on [[Leeds Town Hall]] (2009).]]
{{Main|Flag of England}}
===Origin===
There was a historiographical memes claiming that Richard the Lionheart himself adopted both the flag and the patron saint from Genoa at some point during his crusade. This idea can be traced to the Victorian era, Perrin (1922) refers to it as a "common belief", and it is still popularly repeated today even though it cannot be substantiated as historical.
On the ur mom of the flag and its connection to the Genoese flag, [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent]], said in a speech in [[Genoa]] in 1992:
<blockquote>The St. George's flag, a red cross on a white field, was adopted by England and the City of London in 1190 for their ships entering the Mediterranean to benefit from the protection of the Genoese fleet. The English Monarch paid an annual tribute to the Doge of Genoa for this privilege.<ref> Celia Lee, ''HRH The Duke of Kent: A Life of Service'' (2015), [https://books.google.com/books?id=BBkvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT82 p. 82]</ref></blockquote>
The red cross was introduced to England by the late 13th century, but not as a flag, and not at the time associated with Saint George. It was worn by English soldiers as an identification from the early years of the reign of [[Edward I of England|Edward I]] (1270s),<ref>"I have been unable to find any solid ground for the common belief that the cross of St George was introduced as the national emblem of England by Richard I, and am of opinion that it did not begin to attain that position until the first years of the reign of Edward I." Perrin, ''British Flags'', 1922, [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/n15/mode/2up p. 15]</ref><ref>Perrin, ''British Flags'', 1922, [https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up p. 20].</ref> and perhaps originated a few years earlier, in the [[Second Barons' War]] (specifically in the [[Battle of Evesham]] of 1265, during which, according to chronicler [[William Rishanger]], [[Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester|Simon de Montfort]] observed that the king had taken from him the idea of having his soldiers marked with a cross).<ref>"[W]hen Montfort saw the advance of the royal troops [wearing a red cross as their distinguishing mark], he exclaimed that 'They have not learned that for themselves, but were taught it by me.{{'"}} M. Prestwich, ''Plantagenet England: 1225-1360'' (2005), p. 51.</ref>
[[Saint George]] rose to the position of "patron saint of England" in a process beginning in 1348 with the foundation of the [[Order of the Garter]] and culminating with the abolition of all saint's banners except for the [[Flag of England|St George's banner]] in 1552. From 1348 and throughout the 15th century, the Saint George's Cross was shown in the hoist of the [[Royal Standards of England|Royal Standards]] of the [[House of Plantagenet|Plantagenet]] kings of England.
=== Flag ===
[[File:Flag of England.svg|thumb|[[Flag of England]]]]
[[File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg|thumb|[[Union Jack]]]]
[[File:Flag of Georgia.svg|thumb|The [[Flag of Georgia (country)|Flag of Georgia]] with Saint George cross in middle]]
[[File:Flag of Barcelona.svg|thumb|right|The [[flag of Barcelona]]]]
[[File:Flag_of_Genoa.svg|thumb|[[Flag of Genoa]]]]
[[File:Flag of Sardinia, Italy.svg|thumb|The [[Flag of Sardinia]] with Saint George cross in middle]]
[[File:Civil Flag and Civil Ensign of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1816-1848).svg|thumb|right|The [[flag of Sardinia|flag of Piedmont–Sardinia]]]]
A [[Flag of the United Kingdom|combined British flag]] was created in 1606 (after the [[personal union|dynastic union]] of England and [[Scotland]] in 1603, the so-called "[[Union of the Crowns]]") by combining Saint George's Cross with the [[Saltire|Saint Andrew's Cross]] (the [[flag of Scotland]]). The flag was initially for maritime display, later restricted to the King's ships. Afterwards, the Saint George flag remained the flag of England for other purposes until the [[Acts of Union 1707]]. At the union, the first [[Union Flag]] became official for all purposes in the new [[Kingdom of Great Britain]].
From this time, the Saint George's Cross came to be seen as a symbol of [[England and Wales]] when used alongside symbols for Scotland or Ireland; so in the [[flags of the Commonwealth of England]] during 1649 to 1660.
The flag of Saint George is also the rank flag of an [[Admiral (United Kingdom)|Admiral]] in the [[Royal Navy]], and civilian craft are forbidden to fly it. However, surviving [[little ships of Dunkirk]], which participated in the [[Dunkirk evacuation]] during [[World War II]], are allowed to fly it as a [[jack (flag)|jack]]. This is normally done in the [[Defacement (flag)|defaced]] form of the [[Dunkirk jack#Dunkirk jack|Dunkirk jack]].
Churches belonging to the [[Church of England]] may fly the Saint George's Cross (unless another flag is flown by custom for special reasons). The correct way for the church to fly the Saint George's cross (since an order from the [[Earl Marshal]] in 1938) is with the arms of the [[diocese]] in the upper left-hand corner of the flag.<ref name="cofe">[https://www.fotw.info/flags/gb_coe.html#use Church of England - Use of the flag]; ''[[Flags of the World (website)|Flags of the World]]''; 23 October 2008</ref>
The flag of St George has enjoyed a resurgence in popularity since the late 20th century, partly due to football-inspired nationalism, and also in response to the devolution movements in [[Scotland]] and [[Wales]].<ref name="independent">{{cite news |title=Identity parade: What do flags say about nations – and human nature? |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/identity-parade-what-do-flags-say-about-nations--ndash-and-human-nature-1951698.html |date=23 April 2010 |work=The Independent |first=Michael |last=McCarthy |access-date=12 January 2012}}</ref>
During the 2010 World Cup, UK Prime Minister David Cameron told Parliament that the flag would fly above his official residence at "no extra cost to the tax payer" while England played in the contest.
===Derived usage===
{{main|Flag of England}}
Most of the derived usage is from the flag of England. That article has illustrations of its derivations particularly across Canada, eastern Australia, the Caribbean and the Channel Islands apart from Jersey since Guernsey commonly used the English flag from 1936 (then moved to its present variant in 1985), however the illustrations below have an extremely complex or nil derivation from that flag.
The [[flag of the City of London]] use the St George's Cross on a white background, with a red [[sword]] in the canton. The sword is believed to represent the sword that beheaded [[Saint Paul (apostle)|Saint Paul]] who is the patron saint of the city.<ref name="BFN">[http://www.britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html City of London] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090123111156/http://britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html |date=23 January 2009 }}, Britishflags.net</ref>
<gallery>
File:Flag of Abkhazia (GE).svg|[[Abkhazia|Proposed flag of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia]]
File:Flag of Adjara.svg|[[Flag of Adjara]]
File:Flag of the City of London.svg|[[Flag of the City of London]]
</gallery>
==Georgia==
{{Main|Coat of arms of Georgia (country)|Flag of Georgia (country)}}
[[Saint George]] is the patron saint of the nation of Georgia, and the Saint George flag was [[attributed arms|supposedly]] used in the 5th century by [[kingdom of Georgia|Georgian king]] [[Vakhtang Gorgasali]].<ref>Theodore E. Dowling, ''Sketches of Georgian Church History'', New York, p. 54</ref>{{Dubious|reason=Georgia's flag in the 5th century?|date=October 2011}} In the 13th century, Queen [[Tamar of Georgia]] used the Saint George flag during her campaign against [[Great Seljuq Empire|Seljuk]] Turks. The four [[Jerusalem]] crosses were later added by King [[George V of Georgia]], who drove out the [[Mongols]] from Georgia in 1334.
The flag fell out during the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] annexation of Georgia and abolition of the [[Bagrationi Dynasty|Georgian monarchy]]. However, the flag was revived by the Georgian patriotic movement in the 1990s. A majority of Georgians supported the restoration of the medieval flag of Georgia, including the influential Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia [[Ilia II]] of the [[Georgian Orthodox Church]]. The flag was finally adopted by the [[Parliament of Georgia|Georgian parliament]] on 14 January 2004. It was formally endorsed by a presidential decree signed by [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] on 25 January, following his election as [[President of Georgia]]. The Georgian Navy's naval ensign also used a St. George's Cross during its existence.
==Other==
[[File:Frimurarkors.svg|thumb|Saint George's cross as used in Sweden and Finland]]
{{Multiple image
|perrow=3
|image1=Naval Ensign of the Bahamas.svg
|image2=Naval Ensign of Jamaica.svg
|image3=Naval Ensign of Latvia.svg
|image4=Naval Ensign of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg
|image5=Naval ensign of South Africa.svg
|image6=Naval Ensign of Ukraine.svg
|footer=The naval ensigns of the Bahamas, Jamaica, Latvia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa, and Ukraine incorporates St. George's Crosses.}}
*The [[flag of Barcelona]] combines the [[St George's Cross|cross of Saint George]], the patron saint of [[Catalonia]], with the traditional red and yellow bars of the [[Senyera]], the ancient symbol of the [[Crown of Aragon]] (here, the bars are vertical, though the modern [[Senyera|flag of Catalonia]] has horizontal stripes).<ref name="vexicat">{{cite web|url=http://www.vexi.cat/vexicat/ComunicacionBuenosAires.pdf|title=La bandera de Barcelona, 1991-2005|last=Herreros i Agüí|first=Sebastià|date=2005|trans-title=The flag of Barcelona, 1991-2005|publisher=International Congress of Vexillology - Vexilobaires |access-date=28 July 2018}}</ref>
*The flag of [[Almería]], Spain, consist of a St George's Cross.
*The crest of [[Royal St. George's College]] in Toronto, Canada, contains a St George's Cross.
*The Indian naval flag used to feature a St. George Cross until it was removed in 2022
*Both the [[flag of Sardinia]] and the [[flag of Corsica]] are derived from the Four Moors flag, also known as the "Cross of Alcoraz". This consists of a red cross of Saint George on a white background with a ''maure'' (moor's head) in each quarter. This is also found in the flag of [[Aragon]], (Spain), and is based on a war flag of the [[Reconquista]] following the [[Battle of Alcoraz]] in 1096.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk/blindfolded-moors-the-flags-of-corsica-and-sardinia/|title=Blindfolded moors – the flags of Corsica and Sardinia – Almost History|last=Curry|first=Ian|date=16 November 2018 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-25}}</ref>
*The flag and arms of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]], Germany, consist of a St George's Cross, as St George is one of the city's patron saints.
*In [[Sweden]], the term "Saint George's cross" sometimes refers to the [[Cross pattée]] used by [[Swedish Freemasons]].<ref>''Nationalencyklopedin'', [http://www.ne.se/georgskors "Georgskors"], retrieved 12 August 2010. Swedish.</ref> For example, the cross of the [[Swedish Order of Freemasons]] was defined by the [[Monarchy of Sweden|King of Sweden]] in 1928 to be a "red St George's cross with triangular arms".<ref>
{{Citation
|author = Norrgård, Leif
|title = Frimurarkorset – symbol med dunkelt ursprung
|url = http://issuu.com/svenskafrimurareorden/docs/frimuraren_nummer_1_2009/31
|magazine = Frimuraren
|date = 2009-02-18
|pages = 31–32
|access-date = 3 February 2015
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160818163223/https://image.issuu.com/140530184640-5a4a54d4b88d5d03b80ec1db68b2babe/jpg/page_31.jpg
|archive-date = 2016-08-18
|url-status = live
|publisher = [[Swedish Order of Freemasons]]
|id = 1651-35766
|issue = 1
|language = sv
}}.
</ref>
*In [[Finland]], the Cross pattée is called ''Yrjön risti'', "George's cross", while the red cross on a white background is called ''Pyhän Yrjön risti'', "Saint George's cross".<ref> Kimmo Kara, Vaakunaselitys, Helsinki 1989, {{ISSN|0784-7602}}, p. 49 51</ref>
* Some British Commonwealth countries used the St. George's Cross on their naval ensigns, including the Bahamas, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa.
* The naval jack of Italy contains a St. George's Cross on the second quarter.
* Naval flags of [[Latvia]], contain a St. George's Cross coloured in the same pattern as the Latvian national flag.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}}
* Depicted on the trumpet banner of the Angel from the Judgement card in the Tarot Deck.
* The naval ensign of Ukraine contains a St. George's Cross.
{{Clear}}
==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Cross of Saint George}}
* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/gb-eng.html Flag of England] at FOTW
* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/rel-stgb.html Banners of English saints] at FOTW
{{Saint George}}
{{Navboxes
|list=
{{Symbols of Georgia (country)}}
{{Georgia (country) topics}}
{{Christian crosses}}
}}
[[Category:12th-century introductions]]
[[Category:Cross symbols]]
[[Category:Christian crosses]]
[[Category:Catalan symbols]]
[[Category:Saint George (martyr)]]
[[Category:Crosses in heraldry|Saint George]]
[[Category:Flags of saints]]
[[Category:Flags with crosses]]' |
Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Red cross on a white background</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the English national flag, see <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">Flag of England</a>. For the Glasgow subway station, see <a href="/info/en/?search=St_George%27s_Cross_subway_station" title="St George's Cross subway station">St George's Cross subway station</a>.</div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Cross of St. George" redirects here. For the Russian military distinction, see <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_St._George_(Russia)" title="Cross of St. George (Russia)">Cross of St. George (Russia)</a>.</div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with the <a href="/info/en/?search=George_Cross" title="George Cross">George Cross</a>, a British medal.</div>
<figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_George%27s_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/320px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/480px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/640px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>The Cross of Saint George as a rectangular (<a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_aspect_ratios_of_national_flags" title="List of aspect ratios of national flags">3:5 ratio</a>) flag.</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St._George%27s_Cross_(square_version).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg/320px-St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg/480px-St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg/640px-St._George%27s_Cross_%28square_version%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>The Cross of Saint George as a square flag.</figcaption></figure>
<p>In <a href="/info/en/?search=Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldry</a>, <b>Saint George's Cross</b> (or the <b>Cross of Saint George</b>) is a red <a href="/info/en/?search=Heraldic_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldic cross">cross</a> on a white background, which from the <a href="/info/en/?search=Late_Middle_Ages" title="Late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a> became associated with <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a>, the <a href="/info/en/?search=Military_saint" title="Military saint">military saint</a>, often depicted as a <a href="/info/en/?search=Crusades" title="Crusades">crusader</a>.
</p><p>Associated with the <a href="/info/en/?search=Crusades" title="Crusades">crusades</a>, the red-on-white cross has its origins in the 10th century. It has been used as the <a href="/info/en/?search=Ensign_(flag)" title="Ensign (flag)">ensign</a> of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a> from perhaps as early as the 10th century.
</p><p>The symbol was adopted by the <a href="/info/en/?search=Swabian_League" title="Swabian League">Swabian League</a> in the pre-<a href="/info/en/?search=Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a> <a href="/info/en/?search=Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">George</a> became associated as <a href="/info/en/?search=Patronages_of_Saint_George" title="Patronages of Saint George">patron</a> saint of <a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> in the fourteenth century, replacing St <a href="/info/en/?search=Edmund_the_Martyr" title="Edmund the Martyr">Edmund the Martyr</a>. Since then this flag is commonly identified as the national <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">flag of England</a>. Saint George is the patron saint of the Spanish semi-autonomous region of <a href="/info/en/?search=Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> and of the country of <a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>. It figures in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Coat_of_arms_of_Barcelona" title="Coat of arms of Barcelona">coat of arms of Barcelona</a>. The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">national flag of Georgia</a> supplements this cross with <a href="/info/en/?search=Jerusalem_cross" title="Jerusalem cross">Jerusalem crosses</a>.
</p><p>Across the rest of <a href="/info/en/?search=Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> as the symbol of <a href="/info/en/?search=Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Reggio_Emilia" title="Reggio Emilia">Reggio Emilia</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Mantua" title="Mantua">Mantua</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Vercelli" title="Vercelli">Vercelli</a> and <a href="/info/en/?search=Alessandria" title="Alessandria">Alessandria</a>, the form has only received a cult of Saint George bolstering and simplification to the cross of Saint <a href="/info/en/?search=Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a>, the origin of the cross in their civic designs, as the latter was adopted by the Commune of <a href="/info/en/?search=Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> in 1045, Ambrose having been a late 4th-century bishop of that city.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Origins_and_medieval_use"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Origins and medieval use</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#England"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">England</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Origin"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Origin</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Flag"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Flag</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Derived_usage"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Derived usage</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Georgia"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Georgia</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Other"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Other</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Origins_and_medieval_use">Origins and medieval use</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins and medieval use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Genoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Genoa">Flag of Genoa</a></div>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg/220px-St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg/330px-St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg/440px-St_George_BNF_Fr_241_101v.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="887" /></a><figcaption>Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the <i><a href="/info/en/?search=Golden_Legend" title="Golden Legend">Legenda Aurea</a></i>, dated 1348 (BNF Français 241, fol. 101v.)</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg/220px-Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg/330px-Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg/440px-Saint_George_Knight_in_Vies_de_Saints_Manuscrit_588_f._113_c1290-1310.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2082" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Saint George as a crusader knight, miniature from a ms. of <i>Vies de Saints</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1310</span> (Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Ms. 588)</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg/220px-St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg/330px-St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg/440px-St_George_Royal19BXVII_109.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1421" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Miniature of Saint George and the Dragon, ms. of the <i> Legenda Aurea</i>, Paris, 1382 (BL Royal 19 B XVII, f. 109).</figcaption></figure>
<p><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a> became widely venerated as a <a href="/info/en/?search=Warrior_saint" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrior saint">warrior saint</a> during the <a href="/info/en/?search=Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a>. There was a legend that he had miraculously assisted <a href="/info/en/?search=Godfrey_of_Bouillon" title="Godfrey of Bouillon">Godfrey of Bouillon</a>; also that <a href="/info/en/?search=Richard_the_Lionheart" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard the Lionheart">Richard the Lionheart</a> had placed himself under his protection.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>
According to legend, the crusaders received miraculous help at the <a href="/info/en/?search=Siege_of_Antioch" title="Siege of Antioch">siege of Antioch</a> on 28 June 1098 from a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners, led by St George, St Demetrius, and St Mercurius. However, there was no association of the red cross with St George before the end of the crusades.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <i>red</i> cross in particular was associated with the <a href="/info/en/?search=Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a>, from the time of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Second_Crusade" title="Second Crusade">Second Crusade</a> (1145),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>
but in 1188 red and white crosses were chosen to identify the French and English troops in the "Kings' Crusade" of <a href="/info/en/?search=Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II of France</a> and <a href="/info/en/?search=Henry_II_of_England" title="Henry II of England">Henry II of England</a>, respectively.
Together with the <a href="/info/en/?search=Jerusalem_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem Cross">Jerusalem Cross</a>, the plain red-on-white became a recognizable symbol of the crusader from about 1190, and in the 13th century it came to be used as a standard or emblem by numerous leaders or polities who wanted to associate themselves with the crusades.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2013)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
The red-on-white combination was chosen by the Kingdom of <a href="/info/en/?search=Coat_of_arms_of_Aragon" title="Coat of arms of Aragon">Aragon</a>, among others.
</p><p>Saint George was depicted as a crusader knight during this time, but the red cross had no particular association with him. A <a href="/info/en/?search=File:Affreschi_cripta_santa_maria1.JPG" title="File:Affreschi cripta santa maria1.JPG">crusader-era fresco</a> in the crypt of <a href="/info/en/?search=Trani_cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Trani cathedral">Trani cathedral</a> shows Saint George wearing a white cross on a red surcoat. The white-on-red version was chosen as the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/info/en/?search=Flags_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire#War_flag" title="Flags of the Holy Roman Empire">Reichsbanner</a></i></span> ("imperial banner") by the German crusaders in the 12th century, and <a href="/info/en/?search=Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Emperor Frederick II</a> used it in his European campaigns of the 1250s after he had returned from the crusades. It continued to be used as the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Reichssturmfahne</i></span> ("imperial war flag") of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, eventually giving rise to the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Savoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Savoy">flag of Savoy</a> and the present-day flags of <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Switzerland" title="Flag of Switzerland">Switzerland</a> and <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Denmark" title="Flag of Denmark">Denmark</a>. Via the conflict between <a href="/info/en/?search=Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">(pro-Pope) Guelphs and (pro-Imperial) Ghibellines</a>, the cross entered the heraldry of several north Italian principalities.
</p><p>A <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">vexillum beati Georgii</i></span> is mentioned in the Genovese annals for the year 1198, referring to a red flag with a depiction of St George and the dragon. An illumination<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (January 2018)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> of this flag is shown in the annals for the year 1227. The Genoese flag with the red cross was used alongside this "George's flag", from at least 1218, and was known as the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">insignia cruxata comunis Janue</i></span> ("cross ensign of the commune of Janua"). The flag showing the saint himself was the city's principal war flag, but the flag showing the plain cross was used alongside it in the 1240s.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>The cross ceased to be a symbol directly associated with the "taking of the cross", the resolve to fight in a crusade, after the failure of the crusades in the 14th century. With the development of systematic <a href="/info/en/?search=Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldry</a>, there was great demand for variations of the cross symbol and associated terminology. <a href="/info/en/?search=Juliana_Berners" title="Juliana Berners">Juliana Berners</a> reports that there were <i>Crossis innumerabull born dayli</i>. The term "St George's cross" was at first associated with any plain <a href="/info/en/?search=Greek_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek cross">Greek cross</a> touching the edges of the field (not necessarily red on white).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>Early representations of Saint George as a crusader knight with bearing a red-on-white cross still date to the late 13th century,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> and become widespread as the saint's <a href="/info/en/?search=Attributed_arms" title="Attributed arms">attributed arms</a> in the 14th and 15th centuries.
<a href="/info/en/?search=Edward_III_of_England" title="Edward III of England">Edward III of England</a> chose Saint George as the patron saint of his <a href="/info/en/?search=Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a> in 1348, and also took to using a red-on-white cross in the hoist of his <a href="/info/en/?search=Royal_Standards_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Standards of England">Royal Standard</a>.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="England">England</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg/170px-BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg/255px-BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg/340px-BodleianDouce231Fol1rEdCrouchbackAndStGeorge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1155" data-file-height="1890" /></a><figcaption>Saint George with an <a href="/info/en/?search=Earl_of_Lancaster" title="Earl of Lancaster">earl of Lancaster</a> (probably <a href="/info/en/?search=Edmund_Crouchback" title="Edmund Crouchback">Edmund Crouchback</a>), from an English Book of Hours, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1330</span>.</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg/220px-St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg/330px-St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg/440px-St_George%27s_flag_on_Leeds_Town_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Saint George's flag flying on <a href="/info/en/?search=Leeds_Town_Hall" title="Leeds Town Hall">Leeds Town Hall</a> (2009).</figcaption></figure>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">Flag of England</a></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Origin">Origin</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>There was a historiographical memes claiming that Richard the Lionheart himself adopted both the flag and the patron saint from Genoa at some point during his crusade. This idea can be traced to the Victorian era, Perrin (1922) refers to it as a "common belief", and it is still popularly repeated today even though it cannot be substantiated as historical.
</p><p>On the ur mom of the flag and its connection to the Genoese flag, <a href="/info/en/?search=Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince Edward, Duke of Kent">Prince Edward, Duke of Kent</a>, said in a speech in <a href="/info/en/?search=Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a> in 1992:
</p>
<blockquote><p>The St. George's flag, a red cross on a white field, was adopted by England and the City of London in 1190 for their ships entering the Mediterranean to benefit from the protection of the Genoese fleet. The English Monarch paid an annual tribute to the Doge of Genoa for this privilege.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>The red cross was introduced to England by the late 13th century, but not as a flag, and not at the time associated with Saint George. It was worn by English soldiers as an identification from the early years of the reign of <a href="/info/en/?search=Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I</a> (1270s),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> and perhaps originated a few years earlier, in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War">Second Barons' War</a> (specifically in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Battle_of_Evesham" title="Battle of Evesham">Battle of Evesham</a> of 1265, during which, according to chronicler <a href="/info/en/?search=William_Rishanger" title="William Rishanger">William Rishanger</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester">Simon de Montfort</a> observed that the king had taken from him the idea of having his soldiers marked with a cross).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a> rose to the position of "patron saint of England" in a process beginning in 1348 with the foundation of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Order_of_the_Garter" title="Order of the Garter">Order of the Garter</a> and culminating with the abolition of all saint's banners except for the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">St George's banner</a> in 1552. From 1348 and throughout the 15th century, the Saint George's Cross was shown in the hoist of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Royal_Standards_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Standards of England">Royal Standards</a> of the <a href="/info/en/?search=House_of_Plantagenet" title="House of Plantagenet">Plantagenet</a> kings of England.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Flag">Flag</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/220px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/330px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/440px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">Flag of England</a></figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/info/en/?search=Union_Jack" title="Union Jack">Union Jack</a></figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Georgia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/220px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/330px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/440px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">Flag of Georgia</a> with Saint George cross in middle</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Barcelona.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Barcelona.svg/220px-Flag_of_Barcelona.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Barcelona.svg/330px-Flag_of_Barcelona.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_Barcelona.svg/440px-Flag_of_Barcelona.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Barcelona" title="Flag of Barcelona">flag of Barcelona</a></figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Genoa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/220px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/330px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Genoa.svg/440px-Flag_of_Genoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Genoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Genoa">Flag of Genoa</a></figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Sardinia,_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/220px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/330px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg/440px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Sardinia" title="Flag of Sardinia">Flag of Sardinia</a> with Saint George cross in middle</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1816-1848).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg/220px-Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg/330px-Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg/440px-Civil_Flag_and_Civil_Ensign_of_the_Kingdom_of_Sardinia_%281816-1848%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Sardinia" title="Flag of Sardinia">flag of Piedmont–Sardinia</a></figcaption></figure>
<p>A <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Flag of the United Kingdom">combined British flag</a> was created in 1606 (after the <a href="/info/en/?search=Personal_union" title="Personal union">dynastic union</a> of England and <a href="/info/en/?search=Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> in 1603, the so-called "<a href="/info/en/?search=Union_of_the_Crowns" title="Union of the Crowns">Union of the Crowns</a>") by combining Saint George's Cross with the <a href="/info/en/?search=Saltire" title="Saltire">Saint Andrew's Cross</a> (the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Scotland" title="Flag of Scotland">flag of Scotland</a>). The flag was initially for maritime display, later restricted to the King's ships. Afterwards, the Saint George flag remained the flag of England for other purposes until the <a href="/info/en/?search=Acts_of_Union_1707" title="Acts of Union 1707">Acts of Union 1707</a>. At the union, the first <a href="/info/en/?search=Union_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Flag">Union Flag</a> became official for all purposes in the new <a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a>.
From this time, the Saint George's Cross came to be seen as a symbol of <a href="/info/en/?search=England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> when used alongside symbols for Scotland or Ireland; so in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flags_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Flags of the Commonwealth of England">flags of the Commonwealth of England</a> during 1649 to 1660.
</p><p>The flag of Saint George is also the rank flag of an <a href="/info/en/?search=Admiral_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral (United Kingdom)">Admiral</a> in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, and civilian craft are forbidden to fly it. However, surviving <a href="/info/en/?search=Little_ships_of_Dunkirk" class="mw-redirect" title="Little ships of Dunkirk">little ships of Dunkirk</a>, which participated in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Dunkirk_evacuation" title="Dunkirk evacuation">Dunkirk evacuation</a> during <a href="/info/en/?search=World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, are allowed to fly it as a <a href="/info/en/?search=Jack_(flag)" title="Jack (flag)">jack</a>. This is normally done in the <a href="/info/en/?search=Defacement_(flag)" title="Defacement (flag)">defaced</a> form of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Dunkirk_jack#Dunkirk_jack" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunkirk jack">Dunkirk jack</a>.
</p><p>Churches belonging to the <a href="/info/en/?search=Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> may fly the Saint George's Cross (unless another flag is flown by custom for special reasons). The correct way for the church to fly the Saint George's cross (since an order from the <a href="/info/en/?search=Earl_Marshal" title="Earl Marshal">Earl Marshal</a> in 1938) is with the arms of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a> in the upper left-hand corner of the flag.<sup id="cite_ref-cofe_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cofe-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>The flag of St George has enjoyed a resurgence in popularity since the late 20th century, partly due to football-inspired nationalism, and also in response to the devolution movements in <a href="/info/en/?search=Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/info/en/?search=Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-independent_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent-13">[13]</a></sup>
</p><p>During the 2010 World Cup, UK Prime Minister David Cameron told Parliament that the flag would fly above his official residence at "no extra cost to the tax payer" while England played in the contest.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Derived_usage">Derived usage</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Derived usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_England" title="Flag of England">Flag of England</a></div>
<p>Most of the derived usage is from the flag of England. That article has illustrations of its derivations particularly across Canada, eastern Australia, the Caribbean and the Channel Islands apart from Jersey since Guernsey commonly used the English flag from 1936 (then moved to its present variant in 1985), however the illustrations below have an extremely complex or nil derivation from that flag.
</p><p>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_the_City_of_London" title="Flag of the City of London">flag of the City of London</a> use the St George's Cross on a white background, with a red <a href="/info/en/?search=Sword" title="Sword">sword</a> in the canton. The sword is believed to represent the sword that beheaded <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Paul_(apostle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Paul (apostle)">Saint Paul</a> who is the patron saint of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-BFN_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BFN-14">[14]</a></sup>
</p>
<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional">
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Abkhazia_(GE).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Proposed flag of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia"><img alt="Proposed flag of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_Abkhazia_%28GE%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1785" data-file-height="1230" /></a></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext"><a href="/info/en/?search=Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Proposed flag of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia</a></div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Adjara.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Adjara"><img alt="Flag of Adjara" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/120px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/180px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/240px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext"><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Adjara" title="Flag of Adjara">Flag of Adjara</a></div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the City of London"><img alt="Flag of the City of London" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_City_of_London.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext"><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_the_City_of_London" title="Flag of the City of London">Flag of the City of London</a></div>
</li>
</ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Georgia">Georgia</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Georgia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/info/en/?search=Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)">Coat of arms of Georgia (country)</a> and <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">Flag of Georgia (country)</a></div>
<p><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a> is the patron saint of the nation of Georgia, and the Saint George flag was <a href="/info/en/?search=Attributed_arms" title="Attributed arms">supposedly</a> used in the 5th century by <a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Georgian king</a> <a href="/info/en/?search=Vakhtang_Gorgasali" class="mw-redirect" title="Vakhtang Gorgasali">Vakhtang Gorgasali</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="Georgia's flag in the 5th century? (October 2011)">dubious</span></a> <span class="metadata"> – <a href="/info/en/?search=Talk:Saint_George%27s_Cross#Dubious" title="Talk:Saint George's Cross">discuss</a></span></i>]</sup> In the 13th century, Queen <a href="/info/en/?search=Tamar_of_Georgia" title="Tamar of Georgia">Tamar of Georgia</a> used the Saint George flag during her campaign against <a href="/info/en/?search=Great_Seljuq_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Seljuq Empire">Seljuk</a> Turks. The four <a href="/info/en/?search=Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> crosses were later added by King <a href="/info/en/?search=George_V_of_Georgia" title="George V of Georgia">George V of Georgia</a>, who drove out the <a href="/info/en/?search=Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a> from Georgia in 1334.
</p><p>The flag fell out during the <a href="/info/en/?search=Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> annexation of Georgia and abolition of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Bagrationi_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagrationi Dynasty">Georgian monarchy</a>. However, the flag was revived by the Georgian patriotic movement in the 1990s. A majority of Georgians supported the restoration of the medieval flag of Georgia, including the influential Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia <a href="/info/en/?search=Ilia_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilia II">Ilia II</a> of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_Orthodox_Church" title="Georgian Orthodox Church">Georgian Orthodox Church</a>. The flag was finally adopted by the <a href="/info/en/?search=Parliament_of_Georgia" title="Parliament of Georgia">Georgian parliament</a> on 14 January 2004. It was formally endorsed by a presidential decree signed by <a href="/info/en/?search=Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a> on 25 January, following his election as <a href="/info/en/?search=President_of_Georgia" title="President of Georgia">President of Georgia</a>. The Georgian Navy's naval ensign also used a St. George's Cross during its existence.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other">Other</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Frimurarkors.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Frimurarkors.svg/220px-Frimurarkors.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Frimurarkors.svg/330px-Frimurarkors.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Frimurarkors.svg/440px-Frimurarkors.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Saint George's cross as used in Sweden and Finland</figcaption></figure>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096954695/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:612px;max-width:612px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg/200px-Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg/300px-Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg/400px-Naval_Ensign_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The naval ensigns of the Bahamas, Jamaica, Latvia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa, and Ukraine incorporates St. George's Crosses.</div></div></div></div>
<ul><li>The <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Barcelona" title="Flag of Barcelona">flag of Barcelona</a> combines the <a href="/info/en/?search=St_George%27s_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="St George's Cross">cross of Saint George</a>, the patron saint of <a href="/info/en/?search=Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, with the traditional red and yellow bars of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Senyera" title="Senyera">Senyera</a>, the ancient symbol of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Crown_of_Aragon" title="Crown of Aragon">Crown of Aragon</a> (here, the bars are vertical, though the modern <a href="/info/en/?search=Senyera" title="Senyera">flag of Catalonia</a> has horizontal stripes).<sup id="cite_ref-vexicat_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vexicat-16">[16]</a></sup></li>
<li>The flag of <a href="/info/en/?search=Almer%C3%ADa" title="Almería">Almería</a>, Spain, consist of a St George's Cross.</li>
<li>The crest of <a href="/info/en/?search=Royal_St._George%27s_College" title="Royal St. George's College">Royal St. George's College</a> in Toronto, Canada, contains a St George's Cross.</li>
<li>The Indian naval flag used to feature a St. George Cross until it was removed in 2022</li>
<li>Both the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Sardinia" title="Flag of Sardinia">flag of Sardinia</a> and the <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Corsica" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Corsica">flag of Corsica</a> are derived from the Four Moors flag, also known as the "Cross of Alcoraz". This consists of a red cross of Saint George on a white background with a <i>maure</i> (moor's head) in each quarter. This is also found in the flag of <a href="/info/en/?search=Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a>, (Spain), and is based on a war flag of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Reconquista" title="Reconquista">Reconquista</a> following the <a href="/info/en/?search=Battle_of_Alcoraz" title="Battle of Alcoraz">Battle of Alcoraz</a> in 1096.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup></li>
<li>The flag and arms of <a href="/info/en/?search=Freiburg_im_Breisgau" title="Freiburg im Breisgau">Freiburg im Breisgau</a>, Germany, consist of a St George's Cross, as St George is one of the city's patron saints.</li>
<li>In <a href="/info/en/?search=Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, the term "Saint George's cross" sometimes refers to the <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_patt%C3%A9e" title="Cross pattée">Cross pattée</a> used by <a href="/info/en/?search=Swedish_Freemasons" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish Freemasons">Swedish Freemasons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> For example, the cross of the <a href="/info/en/?search=Swedish_Order_of_Freemasons" title="Swedish Order of Freemasons">Swedish Order of Freemasons</a> was defined by the <a href="/info/en/?search=Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">King of Sweden</a> in 1928 to be a "red St George's cross with triangular arms".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup></li>
<li>In <a href="/info/en/?search=Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, the Cross pattée is called <i>Yrjön risti</i>, "George's cross", while the red cross on a white background is called <i>Pyhän Yrjön risti</i>, "Saint George's cross".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup></li>
<li>Some British Commonwealth countries used the St. George's Cross on their naval ensigns, including the Bahamas, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, South Africa.</li>
<li>The naval jack of Italy contains a St. George's Cross on the second quarter.</li>
<li>Naval flags of <a href="/info/en/?search=Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, contain a St. George's Cross coloured in the same pattern as the Latvian national flag.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li>
<li>Depicted on the trumpet banner of the Angel from the Judgement card in the Tarot Deck.</li>
<li>The naval ensign of Ukraine contains a St. George's Cross.</li></ul>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1217336898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://mediagallery.comune.milano.it/cdm/objects/changeme:86704/datastreams/dataStream25815397508522062/content?pgpath=/SA_SiteContent/SEGUI_AMMINISTRAZIONE/PATROCINIO_COMUNALE/Patrocinio__comunale">Official site of Commune of Milan. Historical background</a>. The chronicles say it was chosen as a combination of the ancient white flag of Milanese plebs, attested in 1038 during <a href="/info/en/?search=Conrad_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Conrad II">Conrad II</a>'s siege of Milan, and the red <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_patt%C3%A9e" title="Cross pattée">cross pattée</a> that was an ancient symbol of Lombard nobility. It is also attested, in this older version, in a diplomatic letter dated 1155. See also: <a class="external text" href="https://digilander.libero.it/breschirob/milano.html">Evolution of Milan's flag</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Woo Seymour, <i>The Cross in Tradition, History and Art</i>, 1898, <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/386/mode/2up">p. 387</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perrin, <i>British Flags</i> (1922), <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up">p. 20</a>: "they imagined that they had seen a great army on white horses, clothed in white and bearing white banners in their hands, issue from the neighbouring mountains and come to their assistance. The leaders of this ghostly army, recognised by their names written on their banners, were St George, Saint Demetrius, and St Mercurius. If at this time the red cross had become the distinctive sign of St George one or other of these writers would surely have mentioned it, but all agree that the banners were white."</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barber, <i>The New Knighthood</i>, p. 66: "According to William of Tyre it was under Eugenius III that the Templars received the right to wear the characteristic red cross upon their tunics, symbolising their willingness to suffer martyrdom in the defence of the Holy Land." (WT, 12.7, p. 554. James of Vitry, 'Historia Hierosolimatana', ed. J. ars, <i>Gesta Dei per Francos</i>, vol I (ii), Hanover, 1611, p. 1083, interprets this as a sign of martyrdom.)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aldo Ziggioto, "Genova", in <i>Vexilla Italica</i> 1, XX (1993); Aldo Ziggioto, "Le Bandiere degli Stati Italiani", in <i>Armi Antiche</i> 1994, cited after <a class="external text" href="https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/it-genoa.html">Pier Paolo Lugli, 18 July 2000</a> on <i><a href="/info/en/?search=Flags_of_the_World_(website)" title="Flags of the World (website)">Flags of the World</a></i>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Woo Seymour, <i>The Cross in Tradition, History and Art</i>, 1898, <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/crossintraditi00seym#page/362/mode/2up/search/George">p. 363</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g., Bibliothèque municipale de Valenciennes ms. 838, a martyrology dated to the last quarter of the 13th century, depicting St George in miniature on fol. 78v. (<a class="external text" href="https://manuscriptminiatures.com/4850/11962/">/manuscriptminiatures.com</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://www.enluminures.culture.fr/documentation/enlumine/fr/BM/valenciennes_371-01.htm">enluminures.culture.fr</a>)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Celia Lee, <i>HRH The Duke of Kent: A Life of Service</i> (2015), <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BBkvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT82">p. 82</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"I have been unable to find any solid ground for the common belief that the cross of St George was introduced as the national emblem of England by Richard I, and am of opinion that it did not begin to attain that position until the first years of the reign of Edward I." Perrin, <i>British Flags</i>, 1922, <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/n15/mode/2up">p. 15</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Perrin, <i>British Flags</i>, 1922, <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/britishflagsthei00perrrich#page/20/mode/2up">p. 20</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"[W]hen Montfort saw the advance of the royal troops [wearing a red cross as their distinguishing mark], he exclaimed that 'They have not learned that for themselves, but were taught it by me.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>" M. Prestwich, <i>Plantagenet England: 1225-1360</i> (2005), p. 51.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-cofe-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cofe_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://www.fotw.info/flags/gb_coe.html#use">Church of England - Use of the flag</a>; <i><a href="/info/en/?search=Flags_of_the_World_(website)" title="Flags of the World (website)">Flags of the World</a></i>; 23 October 2008</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-independent-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-independent_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy2010" class="citation news cs1">McCarthy, Michael (23 April 2010). <a class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/identity-parade-what-do-flags-say-about-nations--ndash-and-human-nature-1951698.html">"Identity parade: What do flags say about nations – and human nature?"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Identity+parade%3A+What+do+flags+say+about+nations+%E2%80%93+and+human+nature%3F&rft.date=2010-04-23&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fthis-britain%2Fidentity-parade-what-do-flags-say-about-nations--ndash-and-human-nature-1951698.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaint+George%27s+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-BFN-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BFN_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://www.britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html">City of London</a> <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090123111156/http://britishflags.net/cityoflondon.html">Archived</a> 23 January 2009 at the <a href="/info/en/?search=Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Britishflags.net</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Theodore E. Dowling, <i>Sketches of Georgian Church History</i>, New York, p. 54</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-vexicat-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vexicat_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHerreros_i_Agüí2005" class="citation web cs1">Herreros i Agüí, Sebastià (2005). <a class="external text" href="https://www.vexi.cat/vexicat/ComunicacionBuenosAires.pdf">"La bandera de Barcelona, 1991-2005"</a> [The flag of Barcelona, 1991-2005] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Congress of Vexillology - Vexilobaires<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+bandera+de+Barcelona%2C+1991-2005&rft.pub=International+Congress+of+Vexillology+-+Vexilobaires&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Herreros+i+Ag%C3%BC%C3%AD&rft.aufirst=Sebasti%C3%A0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vexi.cat%2Fvexicat%2FComunicacionBuenosAires.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaint+George%27s+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFCurry2018" class="citation web cs1">Curry, Ian (16 November 2018). <a class="external text" href="https://www.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk/blindfolded-moors-the-flags-of-corsica-and-sardinia/">"Blindfolded moors – the flags of Corsica and Sardinia – Almost History"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blindfolded+moors+%E2%80%93+the+flags+of+Corsica+and+Sardinia+%E2%80%93+Almost+History&rft.date=2018-11-16&rft.aulast=Curry&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk%2Fblindfolded-moors-the-flags-of-corsica-and-sardinia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaint+George%27s+Cross" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i>, <a class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/georgskors">"Georgskors"</a>, retrieved 12 August 2010. Swedish.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFNorrgård,_Leif2009" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Norrgård, Leif (2009-02-18), <a class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/svenskafrimurareorden/docs/frimuraren_nummer_1_2009/31">"Frimurarkorset – symbol med dunkelt ursprung"</a>, <i>Frimuraren</i> (in Swedish), no. 1, <a href="/info/en/?search=Swedish_Order_of_Freemasons" title="Swedish Order of Freemasons">Swedish Order of Freemasons</a>, pp. 31–32, 1651-35766, <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160818163223/https://image.issuu.com/140530184640-5a4a54d4b88d5d03b80ec1db68b2babe/jpg/page_31.jpg">archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-18<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frimuraren&rft.atitle=Frimurarkorset+%E2%80%93+symbol+med+dunkelt+ursprung&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=31-32&rft.date=2009-02-18&rft.au=Norrg%C3%A5rd%2C+Leif&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Fsvenskafrimurareorden%2Fdocs%2Ffrimuraren_nummer_1_2009%2F31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaint+George%27s+Cross" class="Z3988"></span>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Kimmo Kara, Vaakunaselitys, Helsinki 1989, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><a href="/info/en/?search=ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0784-7602">0784-7602</a>, p. 49 51</span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Saint_George%27s_Cross&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/gb-eng.html">Flag of England</a> at FOTW</li>
<li><a class="external text" href="https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/rel-stgb.html">Banners of English saints</a> at FOTW</li></ul>
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transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/info/en/?search=Template_talk:Saint_George" title="Template talk:Saint George"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/info/en/?search=Special:EditPage/Template:Saint_George" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saint George"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saint_George" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George_and_the_Dragon" title="Saint George and the Dragon">Saint George and the Dragon</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saint George's Cross</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George_in_devotions,_traditions_and_prayers" title="Saint George in devotions, traditions and prayers">Devotions, traditions and prayers</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Patronages_of_Saint_George" title="Patronages of Saint George">Patronages</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Tetri_Giorgi" title="Tetri Giorgi">in Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Uastyrdzhi" title="Uastyrdzhi">in Ossetia</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George%27s_Day" title="Saint George's Day">Saint George's Day</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George%27s_Day_in_England" title="Saint George's Day in England">in England</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George%27s_Day_in_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint George's Day in Spain">in Spain</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=%C4%90ur%C4%91evdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Đurđevdan">George's Day in Spring</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=George%27s_Day_in_Autumn" title="George's Day in Autumn">George's Day in Autumn</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Feast_of_Saint_George_(Palestine)" title="Feast of Saint George (Palestine)">in Palestine</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Herden_7,_2018e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg/60px-Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg/90px-Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg/120px-Herden_7%2C_2018e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4194" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George_(disambiguation)#Places" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St. George (disambiguation)">Locales named after St George</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George%27s_University" title="St. George's University">St. George's University</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George%27s_College_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St. George's College (disambiguation)">St. George's College (disambiguation)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George%27s_School_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St. George's School (disambiguation)">St. George's School (disambiguation)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St_George%27s_Church_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St George's Church (disambiguation)">St George's Church (disambiguation)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George%27s_Cathedral_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="St. George's Cathedral (disambiguation)">St. George's Cathedral (disambiguation)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=St_George%27s_Hospital_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="St George's Hospital (disambiguation)">St George's Hospital (disambiguation)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Martyrs_of_C%C3%B3rdoba" title="Martyrs of Córdoba">George, Martyr of Córdoba</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Synod_of_Oxford" title="Synod of Oxford">Synod of Oxford</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li>
<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/16px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/24px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/32px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></li></ul>
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<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Symbols_of_Georgia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/info/en/?search=Template:Symbols_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Template:Symbols of Georgia (country)"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/info/en/?search=Template_talk:Symbols_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Template talk:Symbols of Georgia (country)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/info/en/?search=Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols of Georgia (country)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Symbols_of_Georgia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Symbols of <a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">Flag</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)">Coat of Arms</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Tavisupleba" title="Tavisupleba">Anthem</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Dzala_ertobashia" title="Dzala ertobashia">Motto</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_(country)" title="text=none"><img alt="text=none" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/150px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/225px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg/300px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="556" data-file-height="485" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patron saints</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew the Apostle</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Virgin Mary</a> <small>(<a href="/info/en/?search=Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a>)</small></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a> <small>(<a href="/info/en/?search=Tetri_Giorgi" title="Tetri Giorgi">Tetri Giorgi</a>)</small></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Nino" title="Saint Nino">Saint Nino</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crosses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=St._George%27s_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="St. George's Cross">Cross of Saint George</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Grapevine_cross" title="Grapevine cross">Cross of Saint Nino</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Bolnisi_cross" title="Bolnisi cross">Cross of Bolnisi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Borjgali" title="Borjgali">Borjgali</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Vitis" title="Vitis">Grapevine</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Prehistoric_Georgia" title="Prehistoric Georgia">Prehistoric Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Shulaveri%E2%80%93Shomu_culture" title="Shulaveri–Shomu culture">Shulaveri–Shomu culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kura%E2%80%93Araxes_culture" title="Kura–Araxes culture">Kura–Araxes culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Trialeti_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Trialeti culture">Trialeti culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Colchian_culture" title="Colchian culture">Colchian culture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mushki" title="Mushki">Mushki</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Diauehi" title="Diauehi">Diauehi</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Colchis" title="Colchis">Colchis</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Iberia" title="Kingdom of Iberia">Kingdom of Iberia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Lazica" title="Lazica">Lazica</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_in_the_Roman_era" title="Georgia in the Roman era">Roman era</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Sasanian_Iberia" title="Sasanian Iberia">Sasanian Iberia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Christianization_of_Iberia" title="Christianization of Iberia">Christianization of Iberia</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Middle</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Principality_of_Iberia" title="Principality of Iberia">Principality of Iberia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Bagrationi_dynasty" title="Bagrationi dynasty">Bagrationi dynasty</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Arab_rule_in_Georgia" title="Arab rule in Georgia">Arab rule</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Emirate_of_Tbilisi" title="Emirate of Tbilisi">Emirate of Tbilisi</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Abkhazia" title="Kingdom of Abkhazia">Kingdom of Abkhazia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_the_Iberians" title="Kingdom of the Iberians">Kingdom of the Iberians</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Unification_of_the_Georgian_realm" title="Unification of the Georgian realm">Unification of the Georgian realm</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Hereti" title="Kingdom of Hereti">Kingdom of Hereti</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=First_Kingdom_of_Kakheti" class="mw-redirect" title="First Kingdom of Kakheti">First Kingdom of Kakheti</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Georgia" title="Kingdom of Georgia">Kingdom of Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Byzantine%E2%80%93Georgian_wars" title="Byzantine–Georgian wars">Byzantine wars</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian%E2%80%93Seljuk_wars" title="Georgian–Seljuk wars">Seljuk wars</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Battle_of_Didgori" title="Battle of Didgori">Battle of Didgori</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_Golden_Age" title="Georgian Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mongol_invasions_of_Georgia" title="Mongol invasions of Georgia">Mongol invasions</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Timur%27s_invasions_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Timur's invasions of Georgia">Timur's invasions</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Samtskhe_atabegate" class="mw-redirect" title="Samtskhe atabegate">Samtskhe atabegate</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Turkmen_incursions_into_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkmen incursions into Georgia">Turkmen incursions</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Imereti" title="Kingdom of Imereti">Kingdom of Imereti</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Principality_of_Abkhazia" title="Principality of Abkhazia">Principality of Abkhazia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Principality_of_Svaneti" title="Principality of Svaneti">Principality of Svaneti</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Principality_of_Guria" title="Principality of Guria">Principality of Guria</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Principality_of_Mingrelia" title="Principality of Mingrelia">Principality of Mingrelia</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Kartli" title="Kingdom of Kartli">Kingdom of Kartli</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Kakheti" title="Kingdom of Kakheti">Kingdom of Kakheti</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Safavid_Georgia" title="Safavid Georgia">Safavid Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Abbas_I%27s_Kakhetian_and_Kartlian_campaigns" title="Abbas I's Kakhetian and Kartlian campaigns">Shah Abbas I's invasions</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Kartli-Kakheti" title="Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti">Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Battle_of_Krtsanisi" title="Battle of Krtsanisi">1795 Persian Invasion</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_within_the_Russian_Empire" title="Georgia within the Russian Empire">Absorption by the Russian Empire</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Democratic_Republic_of_Georgia" title="Democratic Republic of Georgia">Democratic Republic of Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Armeno-Georgian_War" title="Armeno-Georgian War">Armenian War</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Red_Army_invasion_of_Georgia" title="Red Army invasion of Georgia">Red Army invasion</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=April_9_tragedy" title="April 9 tragedy">April 9 tragedy</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=History_of_Georgia_(country)#Independent_Georgia" title="History of Georgia (country)">Independent Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_Civil_War" title="Georgian Civil War">Civil War</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=War_in_Abkhazia_(1992%E2%80%931993)" title="War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)">War in Abkhazia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Rose_Revolution" title="Rose Revolution">Rose Revolution</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Names_of_Georgia" title="Names of Georgia">Names of Georgia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Lists_of_Georgian_monarchs" title="Lists of Georgian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_historical_states_of_Georgia" title="List of historical states of Georgia">States</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Military_history_of_Georgia" title="Military history of Georgia">Military history</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_wars_involving_Georgia_(country)" title="List of wars involving Georgia (country)">Wars</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_Georgian_battles" title="List of Georgian battles">Battles</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Timeline_of_Georgian_(country)_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Georgian (country) history">Timeline of Georgian history</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:History_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:History of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Arms_of_Georgia.svg/80px-Arms_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Arms_of_Georgia.svg/120px-Arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Arms_of_Georgia.svg/160px-Arms_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="383" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%"><a href="/info/en/?search=Geography_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Geography of Georgia (country)">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Template:Borders_of_Georgia" title="Template:Borders of Georgia">Borders</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_birds_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of birds of Georgia (country)">Birds</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Geography_of_Georgia_(country)#Climate" title="Geography of Georgia (country)">Climate</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_earthquakes_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of earthquakes in Georgia (country)">Earthquakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Environmental_issues_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Environmental issues in Georgia (country)">Environmental issues</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Glaciers_of_Georgia" title="Glaciers of Georgia">Glaciers</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Greater_Caucasus" title="Greater Caucasus">Greater Caucasus</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_lakes_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of lakes of Georgia (country)">Lakes</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Lesser_Caucasus" title="Lesser Caucasus">Lesser Caucasus</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_mammals_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of mammals of Georgia (country)">Mammals</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=National_parks_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="National parks of Georgia (country)">National parks</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_protected_areas_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of protected areas of Georgia (country)">Protected areas</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_rivers_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of rivers of Georgia (country)">Rivers</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_volcanoes_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of volcanoes in Georgia (country)">Volcanoes</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Geography_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Geography of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/info/en/?search=Administrative_divisions_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Administrative_divisions_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)">Administrative divisions</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Georgia_(country)" title="List of cities and towns in Georgia (country)">Cities and towns</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mkhare" title="Mkhare">Regions</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Subdivisions_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Subdivisions of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/info/en/?search=Occupied_territories_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupied territories of Georgia">Russian-occupied territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%"><a href="/info/en/?search=Politics_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Politics of Georgia (country)">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Constitution_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Constitution of Georgia (country)">Constitution</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Elections_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Elections in Georgia (country)">Elections</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Foreign_relations_of_Georgia" title="Foreign relations of Georgia">Foreign relations</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Government_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Government of Georgia (country)">Government</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Human_rights_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Human rights in Georgia (country)">Human rights</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=LGBT_rights_in_Georgia_(country)" title="LGBT rights in Georgia (country)">LGBT</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Law_enforcement_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Law enforcement in Georgia (country)">Law enforcement</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Defense_Forces_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Forces of Georgia">Military</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Parliament_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Georgia (country)">Parliament</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_political_parties_in_Georgia_(country)" title="List of political parties in Georgia (country)">Political parties</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=President_of_Georgia" title="President of Georgia">President</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Prime_Minister_of_Georgia" title="Prime Minister of Georgia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%"><a href="/info/en/?search=Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Agriculture_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Agriculture in Georgia (country)">Agriculture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=National_Bank_of_Georgia" title="National Bank of Georgia">Central bank</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_companies_of_Georgia_(country)" title="List of companies of Georgia (country)">Companies</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Energy_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Energy in Georgia (country)">Energy</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_lari" title="Georgian lari">Lari (currency)</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mining_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Mining in Georgia (country)">Mining</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_Stock_Exchange" title="Georgian Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Telecommunications_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Telecommunications in Georgia (country)">Telecommunications</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Tourism_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Tourism in Georgia (country)">Tourism</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Transport_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Transport in Georgia (country)">Transport</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Economy of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%"><a href="/info/en/?search=Culture_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Culture of Georgia (country)">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_scripts" title="Georgian scripts">Alphabet</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Architecture_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Georgia (country)">Architecture</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_art" title="Georgian art">Art</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Chokha" title="Chokha">Chokha</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Cinema_of_Georgia" title="Cinema of Georgia">Cinema</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_cuisine" title="Georgian cuisine">Cuisine</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_wine" title="Georgian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_dance" title="Georgian dance">Dance</a></li>
<li>Languages
<ul><li><small><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a></small></li>
<li><small><a href="/info/en/?search=Laz_language" title="Laz language">Laz</a></small></li>
<li><small><a href="/info/en/?search=Mingrelian_language" title="Mingrelian language">Mingrelian</a></small></li>
<li><small><a href="/info/en/?search=Svan_language" title="Svan language">Svan</a></small></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mass_media_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Mass media in Georgia (country)">Media</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Music_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Music of Georgia (country)">Music</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_mythology" title="Georgian mythology">Mythology</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_name" title="Georgian name">Names</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Public_holidays_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public holidays in Georgia (country)">Public holidays</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Religion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Religion in Georgia (country)">Religion</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Sport_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Sport in Georgia (country)">Sports</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Georgia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Georgia">World Heritage Sites</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Culture_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Culture of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/info/en/?search=Demographics_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Demographics of Georgia (country)">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Education_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Education in Georgia (country)">Education</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Ethnic_minorities_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Ethnic minorities in Georgia (country)">Ethnic minorities</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgians" title="Georgians">Georgians</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_Georgians" title="List of Georgians">List</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Georgian_diaspora" title="Georgian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Healthcare_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Healthcare in Georgia (country)">Health care</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Women_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Women in Georgia (country)">Women</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Demographics_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Demographics of Georgia (country)">more</a></i></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#h999f2;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Tavisupleba" title="Tavisupleba">Anthem</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Bolnisi_cross" title="Bolnisi cross">Bolnisi cross</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Borjgali" title="Borjgali">Borjgali</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)">Coat of arms</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">Flag</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Dzala_ertobashia" title="Dzala ertobashia">Motto</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_George" title="Saint George">Saint George</a>
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">cross</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Nino" title="Saint Nino">Saint Nino</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Grapevine_cross" title="Grapevine cross">cross</a></li></ul></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#h999f2;;font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/info/en/?search=Outline_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Outline of Georgia (country)">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/info/en/?search=Index_of_Georgia_(country)-related_articles" title="Index of Georgia (country)-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Category:Georgia_(country)" title="Category:Georgia (country)">Category</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Portal:Georgia_(country)" title="Portal:Georgia (country)">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Crosses" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/info/en/?search=Template:Christian_crosses" title="Template:Christian crosses"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/info/en/?search=Template_talk:Christian_crosses" title="Template talk:Christian crosses"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/info/en/?search=Special:EditPage/Template:Christian_crosses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christian crosses"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crosses" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/info/en/?search=Christian_cross_variants" title="Christian cross variants">Crosses</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In modern use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Sardinia,_Italy_(1950%E2%80%931999).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sardinia%2C_Italy_%281950%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Alcoraz" title="Cross of Alcoraz">Alcoraz</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Anchor_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Anchor_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Anchored_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchored Cross">Anchored/Saint Clement</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg/20px-Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg/30px-Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg/40px-Anuradhapura_Cross-Vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Anuradhapura_cross" title="Anuradhapura cross">Anuradhapura</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Archangel%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Archangel%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_the_Archangels" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of the Archangels">Archangels</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Patriarchal_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Archiepiscopal_cross" title="Archiepiscopal cross">Archiepiscopal</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Armcross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Armcross.svg/15px-Armcross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Armcross.svg/23px-Armcross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Armcross.svg/31px-Armcross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Armenian_Cross" title="Armenian Cross">Armenian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_barby_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_barby_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Arrow_Cross" title="Arrow Cross">Arrow/Barby</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Balkenkreuz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balkenkreuz.svg/20px-Balkenkreuz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balkenkreuz.svg/30px-Balkenkreuz.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Balkenkreuz.svg/40px-Balkenkreuz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Balkenkreuz" title="Balkenkreuz">Balkenkreuz</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Bolnisi_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bolnisi_cross.svg/20px-Bolnisi_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bolnisi_cross.svg/30px-Bolnisi_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Bolnisi_cross.svg/40px-Bolnisi_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="740" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Bolnisi_cross" title="Bolnisi cross">Bolnisi</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_bottony_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_bottony_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_bottony" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross bottony">Bottony</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Astkreuz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Astkreuz.svg/18px-Astkreuz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Astkreuz.svg/27px-Astkreuz.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Astkreuz.svg/36px-Astkreuz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="158" /></a></span> Branch</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg/15px-Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg/22px-Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg/30px-Bulgarian_Orthodox_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Bulgarian_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulgarian cross">Bulgarian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Burgundy_(Template).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg/20px-Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg/30px-Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg/40px-Cross_of_Burgundy_%28Template%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="294" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Burgundy" title="Cross of Burgundy">Burgundy</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:ByzantineCross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/ByzantineCross.svg/14px-ByzantineCross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/ByzantineCross.svg/22px-ByzantineCross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/ByzantineCross.svg/29px-ByzantineCross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="581" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Byzantine_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine cross">Byzantine</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Calvary_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Calvary_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Calvary_(sculpture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvary (sculpture)">Calvary</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Camargue_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Camargue_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Camargue" title="Cross of Camargue">Camargue</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cantercross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Cantercross.svg/20px-Cantercross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Cantercross.svg/30px-Cantercross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Cantercross.svg/40px-Cantercross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="606" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Canterbury_cross" title="Canterbury cross">Canterbury</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Of_St_Catherine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Breaking_wheel#Execution_of_St._Catherine" title="Breaking wheel">Catherine wheel</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Celtic_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Celtic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Celtic_cross" title="Celtic cross">Celtic</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Crossed_circle_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Crossed_circle_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Celtic_cross" title="Celtic cross">Variant</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_cercelee_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_cercelee_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cercel%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Cercelée">Cercelée</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coptic_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/20px-Coptic_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/30px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Coptic_cross.svg/40px-Coptic_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="606" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Coptic</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_crosslet_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_crosslet_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_crosslet" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross crosslet">Crosslet</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg/17px-Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg/26px-Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg/34px-Croix_recroiset%C3%A9e_au_pied_fich%C3%A9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="597" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_crosslet_fitchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross crosslet fitchy">Fitchy</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Christ_Crucifix.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Christ_Crucifix.svg/9px-Christ_Crucifix.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Christ_Crucifix.svg/14px-Christ_Crucifix.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Christ_Crucifix.svg/19px-Christ_Crucifix.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="880" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Crucifix" title="Crucifix">Crucifix</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_and_disc.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Cross_and_disc.svg/20px-Cross_and_disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Cross_and_disc.svg/30px-Cross_and_disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Cross_and_disc.svg/40px-Cross_and_disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="124" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cruciform_halo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruciform halo">Cruciform halo</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Double_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Double_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> Double</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Ethiopian_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Ethiopian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Ethiopian_cross" title="Ethiopian cross">Ethiopian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg/13px-Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg/19px-Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg/26px-Cross_of_the_Evangelists.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="872" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_the_Evangelists" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of the Evangelists">Evangelists</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_flory_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_flory_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_fleury" title="Cross fleury">Fleury</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg/14px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg/21px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg/29px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Flory_fitchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_fleury" title="Cross fleury">Fitchy</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Forked_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Forked_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Forked_cross" title="Forked cross">Forked</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_fourchy_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_fourchy_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_fourchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross fourchy">Fourchy</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Fylfot_(blue).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg/20px-Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg/30px-Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg/40px-Fylfot_%28blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Fylfot" title="Fylfot">Fylfot</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Banded_globus_cruciger_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Banded_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Globus_cruciger" title="Globus cruciger">Globus cruciger</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Archiepiscopal_globus_cruciger_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a>'s variant</li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Old_Coptic_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Old_Coptic_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Gnostic_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnostic cross">Gnostic</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Grapevine_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Grapevine_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Grapevine_cross" title="Grapevine cross">Grapevine/Saint Nino</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Greek_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Greek_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Greek_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek cross">Greek</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Greek_orthodox_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Greek_orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Greek_Orthodox_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox cross">Greek Orthodox</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Huguenot_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Huguenot_cross.svg/16px-Huguenot_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Huguenot_cross.svg/23px-Huguenot_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Huguenot_cross.svg/31px-Huguenot_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="586" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Huguenot_cross" title="Huguenot cross">Huguenot</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:German_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/German_Cross.svg/20px-German_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/German_Cross.svg/30px-German_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/German_Cross.svg/40px-German_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_St_Jeremiah.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Jeremiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Jerusalem_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Jerusalem_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Jerusalem_cross" title="Jerusalem cross">Jerusalem/Crusaders</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Jerusalem_cross_potent_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Jerusalem_cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Kingdom_of_Jerusalem_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem cross">Jerusalem (Kingdom)</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Latin_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Latin_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Latin_cross" title="Latin cross">Latin/Roman</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Macedonian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Macedonian_cross.svg/20px-Macedonian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Macedonian_cross.svg/30px-Macedonian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Macedonian_cross.svg/40px-Macedonian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Macedonian_Cross" title="Macedonian Cross">Macedonian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Maltese_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maltese_cross.svg/20px-Maltese_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maltese_cross.svg/30px-Maltese_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Maltese_cross.svg/40px-Maltese_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Maltese_cross" title="Maltese cross">Maltese</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Marada_Movement" title="Marada Movement">Marada</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Marian_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Marian_Cross.svg/15px-Marian_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Marian_Cross.svg/23px-Marian_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Marian_Cross.svg/31px-Marian_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Marian_Cross" title="Marian Cross">Marian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Maronite_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Maronite_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Maronite_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Maronite cross">Maronite</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_moline_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_moline_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_moline" title="Cross moline">Moline</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Philip%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Nordic_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic Cross">Nordic</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Novgorod.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cross_of_Novgorod.svg/17px-Cross_of_Novgorod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cross_of_Novgorod.svg/25px-Cross_of_Novgorod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cross_of_Novgorod.svg/34px-Cross_of_Novgorod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="784" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Novgorod" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Novgorod">Novgorod</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cathar_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Cathar_cross.svg/20px-Cathar_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Cathar_cross.svg/30px-Cathar_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Cathar_cross.svg/40px-Cathar_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Occitan_cross" title="Occitan cross">Occitan</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:OrderOfCristCross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OrderOfCristCross.svg/20px-OrderOfCristCross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OrderOfCristCross.svg/30px-OrderOfCristCross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/OrderOfCristCross.svg/40px-OrderOfCristCross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Order_of_Christ_Cross" title="Order of Christ Cross">Order of Christ</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Papal_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Papal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Papal_cross" title="Papal cross">Papal</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg/20px-Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg/30px-Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg/40px-Cross-Patonce-Heraldry.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_patonce" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross patonce">Patonce</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Iron_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Iron_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_patt%C3%A9e" title="Cross pattée">Pattée</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_pattee_fitchee_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg/20px-Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg/40px-Cross_pattee_fitchee_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_patt%C3%A9e_fitch%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross pattée fitchée">Fitchée</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Patriarchal_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Patriarchal_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Patriarchal_cross" title="Patriarchal cross">Patriarchal</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_pommee_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_pommee_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Pommy_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Pommy cross">Pommy</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Gilbert%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Portate_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Portate cross">Portate/Saint Gilbert</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_potent_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_potent_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_potent" title="Cross potent">Potent</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Quadrate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_quadrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross quadrate">Quadrate</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg/20px-Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg/30px-Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg/40px-Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="684" /></a></span> Resistance</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Earth_symbol_(small,_bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg/20px-Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg/40px-Earth_symbol_%28small%2C_bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Ringed_cross" title="Ringed cross">Ringed</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Russian_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Russian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Russian_cross_(religion)" title="Russian cross (religion)">Russian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Russian_Orthodox_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Russian_Orthodox_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Russian_Orthodox_cross" title="Russian Orthodox cross">Russian Orthodox</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Salem_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_of_Salem_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Salem" title="Cross of Salem">Salem</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Andrew%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saltire" title="Saltire">Saltire/Saint Andrew</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_of_St_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Saint_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Saint Chad">Saint Chad</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Saint_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_Saint_David.svg/20px-Flag_of_Saint_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_Saint_David.svg/30px-Flag_of_Saint_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Flag_of_Saint_David.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saint_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Flag_of_Saint_David" title="Flag of Saint David">Saint David</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:FlorianCross_1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/FlorianCross_1.svg/20px-FlorianCross_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/FlorianCross_1.svg/30px-FlorianCross_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/FlorianCross_1.svg/40px-FlorianCross_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=St._Florian" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Florian">Saint Florian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_George%27s_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/20px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/30px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/St_George%27s_Cross.svg/40px-St_George%27s_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="254" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saint George</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_Santiago.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/15px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/22px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Cross_Santiago.svg/29px-Cross_Santiago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1019" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Saint_James" title="Cross of Saint James">Saint James/Santiago</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Saint_John.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Cross_of_Saint_John.svg/14px-Cross_of_Saint_John.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Cross_of_Saint_John.svg/21px-Cross_of_Saint_John.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Cross_of_Saint_John.svg/28px-Cross_of_Saint_John.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Saint_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross of Saint John">Saint John</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/20px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/30px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg/40px-Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire" title="Saint Patrick's Saltire">Saint Patrick</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Peter%27s_Cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Saint_Peter" title="Cross of Saint Peter">Saint Peter</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Philip%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Philip%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Saint Philip</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Flag_of_Cornwall.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Cornwall.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cornwall.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Piran%27s_Flag" title="Saint Piran's Flag">Saint Piran</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:MarThomaSleeva.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/MarThomaSleeva.png/14px-MarThomaSleeva.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/MarThomaSleeva.png/21px-MarThomaSleeva.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/MarThomaSleeva.png/28px-MarThomaSleeva.png 2x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="318" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Thomas_Christian_cross" title="Saint Thomas Christian cross">Saint Thomas</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Serbian_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Serbian_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Serbian_cross" title="Serbian cross">Serbian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg/16px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg/24px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg/32px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Orthodox.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Serbian_Orthodox_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Orthodox cross">Serbian Orthodox</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg/14px-Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg/21px-Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg/29px-Croix_fitch%C3%A9e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="714" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Crosses_in_heraldry" title="Crosses in heraldry">Short Sword</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg/16px-Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg/24px-Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg/32px-Eastern_Syriac_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="375" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Eastern_Syriac_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syriac cross">Syriac (Eastern)</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Western_Syriac_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Western_Syriac_Cross.svg/14px-Western_Syriac_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Western_Syriac_Cross.svg/22px-Western_Syriac_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Western_Syriac_Cross.svg/29px-Western_Syriac_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="489" data-file-height="673" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Western_Syriac_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Syriac cross">Syriac (Western)</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Tau_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Tau_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Tau_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Tau Cross">Tau</a>/<a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Anthony%27s_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Anthony's Cross">Saint Anthony</a></li></ul>
</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg/50px-Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg/75px-Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg/100px-Krst%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="757" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross-avellane-1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cross-avellane-1.svg/17px-Cross-avellane-1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cross-avellane-1.svg/25px-Cross-avellane-1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cross-avellane-1.svg/33px-Cross-avellane-1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="439" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Avellane_cross" title="Avellane cross">Avellane</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Aviz_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_of_Aviz_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Aviz_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviz cross">Aviz</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg/20px-Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg/30px-Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg/40px-Banniel_Breizh_1.0.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Kroaz_Du" title="Kroaz Du">Black</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Blanc_croix_rouge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blanc_croix_rouge.svg/20px-Blanc_croix_rouge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blanc_croix_rouge.svg/30px-Blanc_croix_rouge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blanc_croix_rouge.svg/40px-Blanc_croix_rouge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Blanc croix rouge</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg/20px-St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg/30px-St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg/40px-St_Brigid_C-08_VER2-07.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="413" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Brigid%27s_cross" title="Brigid's cross">Brigid</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Triquetra-Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Triquetra-Cross.svg/20px-Triquetra-Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Triquetra-Cross.svg/30px-Triquetra-Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Triquetra-Cross.svg/40px-Triquetra-Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Carolingian_cross" title="Carolingian cross">Carolingian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coeur_Chouan_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coeur_Chouan_2.svg/14px-Coeur_Chouan_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coeur_Chouan_2.svg/21px-Coeur_Chouan_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coeur_Chouan_2.svg/28px-Coeur_Chouan_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Chouan" title="Chouan">Chouan</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Consecration_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Consecration_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Consecration_crosses" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration crosses">Consecration</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coptic_ankh_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Coptic_ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Coptic</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coptic-Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coptic-Cross.svg/20px-Coptic-Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coptic-Cross.svg/30px-Coptic-Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Coptic-Cross.svg/40px-Coptic-Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="568" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Early_Coptic_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Coptic cross">Coptic (Early)</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg/20px-Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg/30px-Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg/40px-Cross_cramponn%C3%A9e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Swastika" title="Swastika">Cross cramponnée</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Crosscrown.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Crosscrown.svg/20px-Crosscrown.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Crosscrown.svg/30px-Crosscrown.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Crosscrown.svg/40px-Crosscrown.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1133" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_and_Crown" title="Cross and Crown">Crown</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg/20px-Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg/30px-Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg/40px-Pectoral_Cross_of_St_Cuthbert.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cuthbert%27s_pectoral_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuthbert's pectoral cross">Cuthbert's pectoral</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Engrailed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> Engrailed</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg/20px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg/30px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg/40px-Coa_Illustration_Cross_Ermin%C3%A9e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> Erminée</li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Crux_gammata.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Crux_gammata.svg/20px-Crux_gammata.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Crux_gammata.svg/30px-Crux_gammata.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Crux_gammata.svg/40px-Crux_gammata.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Gammadion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gammadion">Gammadion</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cruz_de_Asturias.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cruz_de_Asturias.svg/15px-Cruz_de_Asturias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cruz_de_Asturias.svg/23px-Cruz_de_Asturias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cruz_de_Asturias.svg/31px-Cruz_de_Asturias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Crux_gemmata" title="Crux gemmata">Jewelled</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Katanga_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Katanga_Cross.svg/20px-Katanga_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Katanga_Cross.svg/30px-Katanga_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Katanga_Cross.svg/40px-Katanga_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Katanga_Cross" title="Katanga Cross">Katanga</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Lazarus_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Lazarus_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Lazarus%27_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Lazarus' cross">Lazarus</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Lorraine_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Lorraine" title="Cross of Lorraine">Lorraine</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg/20px-Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg/30px-Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg/40px-Badge_of_the_Wales_Herald_Extraordinary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="210" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Neith" title="Cross of Neith">Neith</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg/18px-Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg" decoding="async" width="18" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg/27px-Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg/37px-Church_of_the_East_Cross_on_the_Nestorian_Stele.jpg 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="484" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Nestorian_cross" title="Nestorian cross">Nestorian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg/20px-Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg/30px-Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg/40px-Cruz_de_Pe%C3%B1alba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="121" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_of_Pe%C3%B1alba" title="Cross of Peñalba">Peñalba</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_pierced_(round).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg/20px-Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg/30px-Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg/40px-Cross_pierced_%28round%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Pierced_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierced cross">Pierced</a>
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:CrossQuarterPierced.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CrossQuarterPierced.svg/14px-CrossQuarterPierced.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CrossQuarterPierced.svg/21px-CrossQuarterPierced.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/CrossQuarterPierced.svg/28px-CrossQuarterPierced.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Pierced_cross_quarterly" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierced cross quarterly">Quarterly</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg/20px-Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg/30px-Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg/40px-Saint_Alban%27s_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Alban%27s_Cross" title="Saint Alban's Cross">Saint Alban</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Saint_Julian%27s_cross_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Saint_Julian%27s_cross_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Saint_Julian%27s_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Julian's cross">Saint Julian</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg/20px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg/30px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg/40px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Templar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Knights_Templar_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Knights Templar cross">Templar</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg/16px-Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg/24px-Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg/32px-Crux_Ordis_Teutonicorum.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="172" data-file-height="214" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Teutonic_Order#Insignia" title="Teutonic Order">Teutonic Order</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_of_Lorraine_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_of_Lorraine_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Two-barred_cross" title="Two-barred cross">Two-barred</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Victory_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Victory_Cross.svg/16px-Victory_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Victory_Cross.svg/23px-Victory_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Victory_Cross.svg/31px-Victory_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="510" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Victory_Cross" title="Victory Cross">Victory</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Cross_voided_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Cross_voided_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> Voided</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By function</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Altar_crucifix" title="Altar crucifix">Altar</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Blessing_cross" title="Blessing cross">Blessing</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Conciliation_cross" title="Conciliation cross">Conciliation</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Crosses_in_heraldry" title="Crosses in heraldry">Heraldry</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Nordic_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic cross">Nordic</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Pisan_cross" title="Pisan cross">Pisan</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=High_cross" title="High cross">High</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Market_cross" title="Market cross">Market</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mercat_cross" title="Mercat cross">Mercat</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Memorial_cross" title="Memorial cross">Memorial</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Mission_cross" title="Mission cross">Mission</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Cross_necklace" title="Cross necklace">Necklace</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Pectoral_cross" title="Pectoral cross">Pectoral</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Plague_cross" title="Plague cross">Plague</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Preaching_cross" title="Preaching cross">Preaching</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional</a>
<ul><li><a href="/info/en/?search=Lalibela_Cross" title="Lalibela Cross">Lalibela</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Rood" title="Rood">Rood/Triumphal cross</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Summit_cross" title="Summit cross">Summit</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=Wayside_cross" title="Wayside cross">Wayside</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/info/en/?search=Christogram" title="Christogram">Christograms</a>, <a href="/info/en/?search=Chi_Rho" title="Chi Rho">Chrismons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Chi_Rho_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Chi_Rho_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Chi_Rho" title="Chi Rho">Chi Rho</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Iota_Chi_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Iota_Chi_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=IX_monogram" title="IX monogram">IX monogram</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg/13px-Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg/20px-Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg/27px-Labarum_of_Constantine_the_Great.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Labarum" title="Labarum">Labarum</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Charlemagne_autograph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/20px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/30px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Charlemagne_autograph.svg/40px-Charlemagne_autograph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="509" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Signum_manus" title="Signum manus">Signum manus</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Staurogram_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Staurogram_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Staurogram" title="Staurogram">Staurogram/Monogrammatic</a>/<a href="/info/en/?search=Tau" title="Tau">Tau</a> <a href="/info/en/?search=Rho" title="Rho">Rho</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Ankh_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ankh_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ankh_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ankh_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Ankh_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Ankh" title="Ankh">Ankh</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:ArmenianEternity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ArmenianEternity.svg/20px-ArmenianEternity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ArmenianEternity.svg/30px-ArmenianEternity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ArmenianEternity.svg/40px-ArmenianEternity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Armenian_eternity_sign" title="Armenian eternity sign">Armenian eternity sign</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Ichthys_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Ichthys_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Ichthys" title="Ichthys">Ichthys</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Irminsul.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Irminsul.svg/20px-Irminsul.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Irminsul.svg/30px-Irminsul.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Irminsul.svg/40px-Irminsul.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Irminsul" title="Irminsul">Irminsul</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Kolovrat_(%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82)_Swastika_(%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)_-_Rodnovery.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg/20px-Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg/30px-Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg/40px-Kolovrat_%28%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%29_Swastika_%28%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%29_-_Rodnovery.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Kolovrat_(symbol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolovrat (symbol)">Kolovrat</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Lauburu.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lauburu.svg/20px-Lauburu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lauburu.svg/30px-Lauburu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Lauburu.svg/40px-Lauburu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="123" data-file-height="123" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Lauburu" title="Lauburu">Lauburu</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg/19px-Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg/29px-Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg/39px-Thor%27s_Hammer-Mj%C3%B6lnir.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2125" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Mj%C3%B6lnir" title="Mjölnir">Mjölnir</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Rosy_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Rosy_Cross.svg/16px-Rosy_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Rosy_Cross.svg/24px-Rosy_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Rosy_Cross.svg/32px-Rosy_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Rose_Cross" title="Rose Cross">Rose</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Alexander_III_Rota.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Alexander_III_Rota.png/20px-Alexander_III_Rota.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Alexander_III_Rota.png/30px-Alexander_III_Rota.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Alexander_III_Rota.png/40px-Alexander_III_Rota.png 2x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="258" /></a></span> <i><a href="/info/en/?search=Rota_(papal_signature)" title="Rota (papal signature)">Rota</a></i></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Solomons-knot-square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Solomons-knot-square.svg/20px-Solomons-knot-square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Solomons-knot-square.svg/30px-Solomons-knot-square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Solomons-knot-square.svg/40px-Solomons-knot-square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="576" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Solomon%27s_knot" title="Solomon's knot">Solomon's knot</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Scientology_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Scientology_symbol.svg/16px-Scientology_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Scientology_symbol.svg/24px-Scientology_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Scientology_symbol.svg/33px-Scientology_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Scientology_cross" title="Scientology cross">Scientology</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Shamrock_(fixed_width).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg/20px-Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg/30px-Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg/40px-Shamrock_%28fixed_width%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Shamrock" title="Shamrock">Shamrock</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Early_Trinity_Shield.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Early_Trinity_Shield.svg/19px-Early_Trinity_Shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Early_Trinity_Shield.svg/29px-Early_Trinity_Shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Early_Trinity_Shield.svg/39px-Early_Trinity_Shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="687" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Shield_of_the_Trinity" title="Shield of the Trinity">Shield of the Trinity</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Broken_crossed_circle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle.svg/20px-Broken_crossed_circle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle.svg/30px-Broken_crossed_circle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle.svg/40px-Broken_crossed_circle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Swastika#Prehistory" title="Swastika">Sunwheel swastika</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Earth_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/20px-Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/30px-Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/40px-Earth_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="15" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Sun_cross" title="Sun cross">Sun</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg/20px-Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg/30px-Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg/40px-Blue_left-handed_Swastika.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="145" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Swastika" title="Swastika">Swastika</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg/20px-Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg/30px-Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg/40px-Broken_crossed_circle_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Triskelion" title="Triskelion">Triskelion/Triskele</a></li>
<li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg/11px-Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg" decoding="async" width="11" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg/16px-Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg/22px-Justus_Lipsius_Crux_Simplex_1629.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="1346" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Descriptions_in_antiquity_of_the_execution_cross" title="Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross">Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross</a></li>
<li><a href="/info/en/?search=List_of_tallest_crosses_in_the_world" title="List of tallest crosses in the world">List of tallest crosses in the world</a></li></ul>
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<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li>
<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/info/en/?search=File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/16px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/24px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/32px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <a href="/info/en/?search=Portal:Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Arts">Arts portal</a></li></ul>
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