| Scolia | |
|---|---|
_male_Cap_Bon_2.jpg)
| |
| Megascolia bidens, Tunisia | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Scoliidae |
| Tribe: | Scoliini |
| Genus: |
Scolia Fabricius, 1775 |
| Type species | |
|
Scolia sexmaculata (
Müller, 1766)
| |
Scolia is a genus of scoliid wasps in the subfamily Scoliinae. There are over 200 described species in Scolia. [1]
Taxonomy and phylogeny
Scolia was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. This genus is classified under the tribe Scoliini of the subfamily Scoliinae within the family Scoliidae. [2] Scolia is itself divided into three subgenera, Scolia (Scolia), and Scolia (Discolia), and Scolia (Hesperoscolia). [3] Males of the subgenus Scolia (Scolia) have dense, silky setae on the volsella, while those of the subgenus Scolia (Discolia) lack dense setae on the volsella. [2]
Description and identification
Scolia are small to medium wasps between 5–25 millimetres (0.20–0.98 in). [2] The forewing has a single recurrent vein and two submarginal cells. [4] The species are usually black with variable yellow or red markings. The majority of setae are usually black or white but may also be mixed with red or yellow. [2]
Distribution
Scolia is a cosmopolitan genus. 40 species are known from India alone. [2] Another 50 species are known from the Palearctic. [1] 20 more species are known from the Americas. [5]
Species
These species belong to the genus Scolia: [6]
- Scolia affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1830
- Scolia anatoliae Osten, 2004
- Scolia asiella Betrem, 1935
- Scolia bicincta Fabricius, 1775 – double-banded scoliid
- Scolia binotata Fabricius 1804
- Scolia bnun Tsuneki, 1972
- Scolia carbonaria (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Scolia clypeata Sickmann 1894
- Scolia consors (Saussure, 1863)
- Scolia cypria Saussure, 1854
- Scolia dubia (Say, 1837) – two-spotted scoliid wasp, blue-winged scoliid wasp
- Scolia ebenina Saussure, 1858
- Scolia erythrocephala Fabricius, 1798
- Scolia erythropyga Burmeister, 1853
- Scolia fallax Eversmann, 1849
- Scolia fasciatopunctata Guerin 1838
- Scolia flaviceps Eversmann, 1846
- Scolia fuciformis Scopoli, 1786
- Scolia galbula (Pallas, 1771)
- Scolia guttata (Burmeister, 1853)
- Scolia hirta (Schrank, 1781)
- Scolia histrionica (Fabricius 1787)
- Scolia hortorum Fabricius, 1787
- Scolia kuroiwae Matsumura & Uchida 1926
- Scolia mexicana (Saussure, 1858)
- Scolia nigrita Fabricius
- Scolia nobilis Saussure 1858
- Scolia nobilitata (Fabricius, 1805) – noble scoliid wasp
- Scolia oculata Matsumura 1911 – yellow-banded scoliid wasp
- Scolia orientalis Saussure, 1856
- Scolia picteti Saussure 1854
- Scolia rufiventris (Fabricius 1804)
- Scolia rugifrons Betrem 1928
- Scolia semitacta Bradley, 1959
- Scolia sexmaculata (O. F. Müller, 1766)
- Scolia sinensis Saussure 1864
- Scolia superciliaris Saussure 1864
- Scolia turkestanica Betrem 1935
- Scolia verticalis (Fabricius, 1775)– yellow-headed flower wasp, yellow-headed scoliid wasp
- Scolia vollenhoveni Saussure 1859
- Scolia wahlbergii Saussure, 1859
- Scolia watanabei Matsumura 1912
- † Scolia distincta Zhang, 1989
- † Scolia saussureana Heer, 1865
Gallery
-
S. affinis in Kerala, India. -
S anatoliae in Turkey. -
S. bicincta female in North Carolina. -
S. bilunata in Kerala, India. -
S. carbonaria collected in Algeria. -
S. chrysotricha in South Africa. -
S. cyanipennis in Kerala, India. -
S. dubia dubia in Maryland. -
S. dubia haematodes in Texas. -
S. fallax in Ukraine. -
S. fasciatopunctata in India. -
S. fuciformis in Ukraine. -
S. hirta in Italy. -
S. hortorum in Spain. -
S. nobilitata notilitata in Virginia. -
S. nobilitata otomita in Arizona. -
S. nobilitata tricincta male in Colorado. -
S. ocula in Japan. -
S. pictei in India. -
s. rufiventris in Argentina. -
S. sexmaculata in Poland. -
S. verticalis in Australia. -
S. wahlbergii in South Africa.
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References
- ^ a b Mokrousov, M.V.; Lelej, A.S. (2017). "62. Family Scoliidae". In Belokobylskij, S.A.; Lelej, A.S. (eds.). Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. Saint Petersburg: Zoological Institute RAS. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-5-98092-062-3.
- ^ a b c d e Gupta, S.K.; Jonathan, J.K. (2003). Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries, Hymenoptera: Scoliidae. Kolkata, India: Zoological Survey of India. pp. 151–152. ISBN 81-8171-009-6.
- ^ Golfetti, Ivan Fernande (2019). Análise Filogenética de Scolia Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae, Scoliinae) (MSc thesis) (in Portuguese). São Paulo State University. pp. 1–69. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ^ Augul, Razzaq Shalan (2016). "Taxonomic study of the family Scoliidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Iraq". Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 8 (2): 124–138. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ^ Añino, Yostin J.; Cambra, Roberto A.; Windsow, Donald M.; Zuñiga, Ronald; Quintero, Diomedes (2019). "Review of Scolia (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) from Central America, including seasonal flight activity in Scolia guttata". Acta Biológica Colombiana. 25 (2): 202–209. doi: 10.15446/abc.v25n2.77590.
- ^ Osten, T. (2005). "Checkliste der Dolchwespen der Welt (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Scoliidae). Teil 1: Proscoliinae und Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Teil 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Teil 3: Literatur" [Checklist of the Scoliidae of the World. Part 1: Proscoliinae and Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Part 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Part 3: Literature] (PDF). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg (in German). 62 (220–221): 1–62. Retrieved 2014-06-24.
| Scolia | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Megascolia bidens, Tunisia | |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Scoliidae |
| Tribe: | Scoliini |
| Genus: |
Scolia Fabricius, 1775 |
| Type species | |
|
Scolia sexmaculata (
Müller, 1766)
| |
Scolia is a genus of scoliid wasps in the subfamily Scoliinae. There are over 200 described species in Scolia. [1]
Taxonomy and phylogeny
Scolia was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775. This genus is classified under the tribe Scoliini of the subfamily Scoliinae within the family Scoliidae. [2] Scolia is itself divided into three subgenera, Scolia (Scolia), and Scolia (Discolia), and Scolia (Hesperoscolia). [3] Males of the subgenus Scolia (Scolia) have dense, silky setae on the volsella, while those of the subgenus Scolia (Discolia) lack dense setae on the volsella. [2]
Description and identification
Scolia are small to medium wasps between 5–25 millimetres (0.20–0.98 in). [2] The forewing has a single recurrent vein and two submarginal cells. [4] The species are usually black with variable yellow or red markings. The majority of setae are usually black or white but may also be mixed with red or yellow. [2]
Distribution
Scolia is a cosmopolitan genus. 40 species are known from India alone. [2] Another 50 species are known from the Palearctic. [1] 20 more species are known from the Americas. [5]
Species
These species belong to the genus Scolia: [6]
- Scolia affinis Guérin-Méneville, 1830
- Scolia anatoliae Osten, 2004
- Scolia asiella Betrem, 1935
- Scolia bicincta Fabricius, 1775 – double-banded scoliid
- Scolia binotata Fabricius 1804
- Scolia bnun Tsuneki, 1972
- Scolia carbonaria (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Scolia clypeata Sickmann 1894
- Scolia consors (Saussure, 1863)
- Scolia cypria Saussure, 1854
- Scolia dubia (Say, 1837) – two-spotted scoliid wasp, blue-winged scoliid wasp
- Scolia ebenina Saussure, 1858
- Scolia erythrocephala Fabricius, 1798
- Scolia erythropyga Burmeister, 1853
- Scolia fallax Eversmann, 1849
- Scolia fasciatopunctata Guerin 1838
- Scolia flaviceps Eversmann, 1846
- Scolia fuciformis Scopoli, 1786
- Scolia galbula (Pallas, 1771)
- Scolia guttata (Burmeister, 1853)
- Scolia hirta (Schrank, 1781)
- Scolia histrionica (Fabricius 1787)
- Scolia hortorum Fabricius, 1787
- Scolia kuroiwae Matsumura & Uchida 1926
- Scolia mexicana (Saussure, 1858)
- Scolia nigrita Fabricius
- Scolia nobilis Saussure 1858
- Scolia nobilitata (Fabricius, 1805) – noble scoliid wasp
- Scolia oculata Matsumura 1911 – yellow-banded scoliid wasp
- Scolia orientalis Saussure, 1856
- Scolia picteti Saussure 1854
- Scolia rufiventris (Fabricius 1804)
- Scolia rugifrons Betrem 1928
- Scolia semitacta Bradley, 1959
- Scolia sexmaculata (O. F. Müller, 1766)
- Scolia sinensis Saussure 1864
- Scolia superciliaris Saussure 1864
- Scolia turkestanica Betrem 1935
- Scolia verticalis (Fabricius, 1775)– yellow-headed flower wasp, yellow-headed scoliid wasp
- Scolia vollenhoveni Saussure 1859
- Scolia wahlbergii Saussure, 1859
- Scolia watanabei Matsumura 1912
- † Scolia distincta Zhang, 1989
- † Scolia saussureana Heer, 1865
Gallery
-
S. affinis in Kerala, India.
-
S anatoliae in Turkey.
-
S. bicincta female in North Carolina.
-
S. bilunata in Kerala, India.
-
S. carbonaria collected in Algeria.
-
S. chrysotricha in South Africa.
-
S. cyanipennis in Kerala, India.
-
S. dubia dubia in Maryland.
-
S. dubia haematodes in Texas.
-
S. fallax in Ukraine.
-
S. fasciatopunctata in India.
-
S. fuciformis in Ukraine.
-
S. hirta in Italy.
-
S. hortorum in Spain.
-
S. nobilitata notilitata in Virginia.
-
S. nobilitata otomita in Arizona.
-
S. nobilitata tricincta male in Colorado.
-
S. ocula in Japan.
-
S. pictei in India.
-
s. rufiventris in Argentina.
-
S. sexmaculata in Poland.
-
S. verticalis in Australia.
-
S. wahlbergii in South Africa.
References
- ^ a b Mokrousov, M.V.; Lelej, A.S. (2017). "62. Family Scoliidae". In Belokobylskij, S.A.; Lelej, A.S. (eds.). Annotated Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita: Aculeata. Saint Petersburg: Zoological Institute RAS. pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-5-98092-062-3.
- ^ a b c d e Gupta, S.K.; Jonathan, J.K. (2003). Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries, Hymenoptera: Scoliidae. Kolkata, India: Zoological Survey of India. pp. 151–152. ISBN 81-8171-009-6.
- ^ Golfetti, Ivan Fernande (2019). Análise Filogenética de Scolia Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae, Scoliinae) (MSc thesis) (in Portuguese). São Paulo State University. pp. 1–69. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ^ Augul, Razzaq Shalan (2016). "Taxonomic study of the family Scoliidae (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in Iraq". Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 8 (2): 124–138. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
- ^ Añino, Yostin J.; Cambra, Roberto A.; Windsow, Donald M.; Zuñiga, Ronald; Quintero, Diomedes (2019). "Review of Scolia (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) from Central America, including seasonal flight activity in Scolia guttata". Acta Biológica Colombiana. 25 (2): 202–209. doi: 10.15446/abc.v25n2.77590.
- ^ Osten, T. (2005). "Checkliste der Dolchwespen der Welt (Insecta: Hymenoptera, Scoliidae). Teil 1: Proscoliinae und Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Teil 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Teil 3: Literatur" [Checklist of the Scoliidae of the World. Part 1: Proscoliinae and Scoliinae: Campsomerini. Part 2: Scoliinae: Scoliini. Part 3: Literature] (PDF). Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Augsburg (in German). 62 (220–221): 1–62. Retrieved 2014-06-24.