Rosh HaAyin is named after its location at the source of the Yarkon River (rosh = head, ayin = fountain, spring). The location, and the ottoman Fort that had existed on the site since the 16th century, has historically been referred to as Ras Al-Ayn (
Arabic: رأس العين, same meaning as the Hebrew name).[3] There was a Palestinian Arab village with the same in the location, which was abandoned in 1920s.[4]
Rosh HaAyin was founded in 1949 near the site of ancient
Antipatris and the Ottoman fortress of Ras Al-Ayn and on the land of the depopulated
Palestinian village of
Majdal Yaba, about 1km north of the village site.[5] Many of the early residents were religious
Yemenite Jews airlifted to Israel in 1949 and 1950 in
Operation Magic Carpet. They added Biblical words from Exodus 19:4 to the city's logo: "I (God) carried You on eagles' wings." The place was one of the Israel
Ma'abarot (transit camps) in the 1950s.
In the 1990s, new neighborhoods were built, although the town still has a large Yemeni-Jewish population.
Archaeology
In 2015, archaeologists discovered a large ancient
farmhouse. Among the other artifacts that were exposed in the farmhouse there were two silver coins from the fourth century BCE that bear the goddess
Athena and the
Owl of Athena. In addition, a monastery dating to the
Byzantine period was discovered on one of the hills in the area and included a
church, an
oil press, residential quarters, and stables equipped with
mangers and troughs, etc. In the church were colorful
mosaics and also numerous
Greek inscriptions.[6]
Demographics
According to the
Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), in 2018, the ethnic make-up of the city was 97.9%
Jewish, with a predominant number of young people below the age of 19. The population growth rate was 9.7% at the end of 2019.[7]
According to the CBS, there were 10,972 salaried workers and 1,033 self-employed in 2000. The mean monthly wage for a salaried worker was
NIS 6,595, an increase of 11.2% over the course of 2000. Salaried males had a mean monthly wage of NIS 8,408 (a real change of 7.8%) versus NIS 4,857 for females (a real change of 13.1%). The mean income for the self-employed was 6,853. 628 people received unemployment benefits, and 1,057 received an income supplement.
In 2004, the
Givot Olam Oil [
he] company discovered oil at the
Meged 5 oil field near Rosh HaAyin.[10][11] It is one of the largest on-shore oil fields in Israel. It began production in 2010, and produces
oil as well as some
natural gas. Its proven oil reserves are about 1,525 million barrels (242.5×10^6 m3).[12]TTI Telecom is located in Rosh HaAyin.[13]
Education
According to the CBS, there are 24 schools in Rosh Ha'ayin, with an enrollment of 8,288. Eighteen were elementary schools, with an enrollment of 5,043, and high schools, have an enrollment of 3,245. In 2001, 58.8% of Rosh Ha'ayin's 12th grade students were entitled to a
matriculation certificate.[citation needed]
Total Schools
Elementary Schools
Pupils
Elementary Pupils
Post Primary Pupils
Number of Classes
Average student per class
24
18
8,288
5,043
3,245
303
27.4
High schools
Atid Religious' boys High School
Yehuda Halevi-Begin High School
Darchei Elisha religious' boys high school
Zvulun religious' girls high school
Sports
S.C Rosh Ha'ayin ("Moadon Sport Rosh Ha'ayin"), a football team who plays at "Liga Gimel Sharon".
Ironi Rosh HaAyin is a professional beach soccer team based in Rosh HaAyin, Israel.
Transportation
Public Transportation
The city of Rosh HaAyin is served by
Afikim and
Egged bus companies. These bus companies, especially Afikim, serve internal transit, and they connect Rosh HaAyin to nearby towns such as
Kafr Qasim and
Petah Tikva, to
Tel Aviv, as well as along
Highway 5 to the settlement of
Ariel in the
Occupied West Bank.
The city is served by
Rosh HaAyin North railway station, located Northwest of the city. Herzliya–Ashkelon line runs through this station, and it connects Rosh HaAyin to
Herzliya in the Northern direction, and to
Petah Tikva,
Tel Aviv, and
Ashkelon in the Southern direction.
Roads
The city is located at the interchange between
Highway 6 (Trans-Israel Highway) and
Highway 5 (Trans-Samaria Highway). Westbound Highway 5 provides connections to North-South thoroughfares that connect to localities in the
Tel Aviv Metro Area. Eastbound Highway 5 crosses into the
Occupied West Bank, passing through Kafr Qassem/Kafr 'Ein Checkpoint. This highway provides connections to several settlements such as
Ariel. Southbound Highway 6 provides connections to
Jerusalem,
Ben Gurion Airport, and further south to
Beersheba. Northbound Highway 6 provides connections to
Haifa and
Galilee.
Rosh HaAyin is named after its location at the source of the Yarkon River (rosh = head, ayin = fountain, spring). The location, and the ottoman Fort that had existed on the site since the 16th century, has historically been referred to as Ras Al-Ayn (
Arabic: رأس العين, same meaning as the Hebrew name).[3] There was a Palestinian Arab village with the same in the location, which was abandoned in 1920s.[4]
Rosh HaAyin was founded in 1949 near the site of ancient
Antipatris and the Ottoman fortress of Ras Al-Ayn and on the land of the depopulated
Palestinian village of
Majdal Yaba, about 1km north of the village site.[5] Many of the early residents were religious
Yemenite Jews airlifted to Israel in 1949 and 1950 in
Operation Magic Carpet. They added Biblical words from Exodus 19:4 to the city's logo: "I (God) carried You on eagles' wings." The place was one of the Israel
Ma'abarot (transit camps) in the 1950s.
In the 1990s, new neighborhoods were built, although the town still has a large Yemeni-Jewish population.
Archaeology
In 2015, archaeologists discovered a large ancient
farmhouse. Among the other artifacts that were exposed in the farmhouse there were two silver coins from the fourth century BCE that bear the goddess
Athena and the
Owl of Athena. In addition, a monastery dating to the
Byzantine period was discovered on one of the hills in the area and included a
church, an
oil press, residential quarters, and stables equipped with
mangers and troughs, etc. In the church were colorful
mosaics and also numerous
Greek inscriptions.[6]
Demographics
According to the
Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), in 2018, the ethnic make-up of the city was 97.9%
Jewish, with a predominant number of young people below the age of 19. The population growth rate was 9.7% at the end of 2019.[7]
According to the CBS, there were 10,972 salaried workers and 1,033 self-employed in 2000. The mean monthly wage for a salaried worker was
NIS 6,595, an increase of 11.2% over the course of 2000. Salaried males had a mean monthly wage of NIS 8,408 (a real change of 7.8%) versus NIS 4,857 for females (a real change of 13.1%). The mean income for the self-employed was 6,853. 628 people received unemployment benefits, and 1,057 received an income supplement.
In 2004, the
Givot Olam Oil [
he] company discovered oil at the
Meged 5 oil field near Rosh HaAyin.[10][11] It is one of the largest on-shore oil fields in Israel. It began production in 2010, and produces
oil as well as some
natural gas. Its proven oil reserves are about 1,525 million barrels (242.5×10^6 m3).[12]TTI Telecom is located in Rosh HaAyin.[13]
Education
According to the CBS, there are 24 schools in Rosh Ha'ayin, with an enrollment of 8,288. Eighteen were elementary schools, with an enrollment of 5,043, and high schools, have an enrollment of 3,245. In 2001, 58.8% of Rosh Ha'ayin's 12th grade students were entitled to a
matriculation certificate.[citation needed]
Total Schools
Elementary Schools
Pupils
Elementary Pupils
Post Primary Pupils
Number of Classes
Average student per class
24
18
8,288
5,043
3,245
303
27.4
High schools
Atid Religious' boys High School
Yehuda Halevi-Begin High School
Darchei Elisha religious' boys high school
Zvulun religious' girls high school
Sports
S.C Rosh Ha'ayin ("Moadon Sport Rosh Ha'ayin"), a football team who plays at "Liga Gimel Sharon".
Ironi Rosh HaAyin is a professional beach soccer team based in Rosh HaAyin, Israel.
Transportation
Public Transportation
The city of Rosh HaAyin is served by
Afikim and
Egged bus companies. These bus companies, especially Afikim, serve internal transit, and they connect Rosh HaAyin to nearby towns such as
Kafr Qasim and
Petah Tikva, to
Tel Aviv, as well as along
Highway 5 to the settlement of
Ariel in the
Occupied West Bank.
The city is served by
Rosh HaAyin North railway station, located Northwest of the city. Herzliya–Ashkelon line runs through this station, and it connects Rosh HaAyin to
Herzliya in the Northern direction, and to
Petah Tikva,
Tel Aviv, and
Ashkelon in the Southern direction.
Roads
The city is located at the interchange between
Highway 6 (Trans-Israel Highway) and
Highway 5 (Trans-Samaria Highway). Westbound Highway 5 provides connections to North-South thoroughfares that connect to localities in the
Tel Aviv Metro Area. Eastbound Highway 5 crosses into the
Occupied West Bank, passing through Kafr Qassem/Kafr 'Ein Checkpoint. This highway provides connections to several settlements such as
Ariel. Southbound Highway 6 provides connections to
Jerusalem,
Ben Gurion Airport, and further south to
Beersheba. Northbound Highway 6 provides connections to
Haifa and
Galilee.