The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), developed by the sociologist Morris Rosenberg, [1] is a self-esteem measure widely used in social science research. It uses a scale of 0–30, where a score less than 15 may indicate problematic low self-esteem. [2] Although the instrument was developed for use with adolescents, it has been widely used in research on adults. [3] [4]
The RSES is designed similar to the social-survey questionnaires. Five of the items have positively worded statements and five have negatively worded ones. The scale measures global self-worth by measuring both positive and negative feelings about the self. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high-school juniors and seniors from 10 randomly selected schools in New York State. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale is considered a reliable and valid quantitative tool for self-esteem assessment. [5]
The RSES has been translated and adapted to various languages, such as Persian, [6] French, [7] Chinese, [8] Italian, [9] German, [10] Portuguese, [11] and Spanish. [12] The scale is extensively used in cross-cultural studies in up to 53 different nations. [13]
The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), developed by the sociologist Morris Rosenberg, [1] is a self-esteem measure widely used in social science research. It uses a scale of 0–30, where a score less than 15 may indicate problematic low self-esteem. [2] Although the instrument was developed for use with adolescents, it has been widely used in research on adults. [3] [4]
The RSES is designed similar to the social-survey questionnaires. Five of the items have positively worded statements and five have negatively worded ones. The scale measures global self-worth by measuring both positive and negative feelings about the self. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high-school juniors and seniors from 10 randomly selected schools in New York State. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale is considered a reliable and valid quantitative tool for self-esteem assessment. [5]
The RSES has been translated and adapted to various languages, such as Persian, [6] French, [7] Chinese, [8] Italian, [9] German, [10] Portuguese, [11] and Spanish. [12] The scale is extensively used in cross-cultural studies in up to 53 different nations. [13]