Reo is a name appearing on Latin dedications to a
Lusitanian-
Gallaecian deity, usually with an epithet relating to a place, such as Reo Paramaeco discovered in
Lugo in
Galicia. The name Reo is in the Latin
dative case, for a
Latinized name*Reus.
Epigraphy
Reve is considered to be a very diffused
Palaeo-Hispanic deity in the Western part of the
Iberian Peninsula,[1] which would indicate it was "the most popular" of the
pantheon.[2] The name appears in at least 20 attestations, with variations:[3]
Analysing the attestations, a
nominative form *Reu-s or *Revs is proposed.[23][24]
The name Rebe is indicated as the
betacist form of Reve, interpreted by Villar and Prósper as a feminine form of the theonym.[25]
Epithets
The epithet Bormanico probably derives from a river name *Bormano-, a word
cognate to the name of continental Celtic deity Borvo.[26]
Apart from Reo Larauco ('Reus of
Larouco') the epithets share an -aik- element interpreted as an
adjectival marker[27] familiar from Lusitanian inscriptions in the dedications to Reo Paramaeco ('Reus of
Paramo') Amoaego Arcunii, Anabaraeco, and Alabaraico Sulensi.[28]
The first element Reo/Reus is very similar to the name Reue appearing on the Lusitanian
Cabeço das Fráguas inscription, part of which reads INDI TAVROM IFADEM REVE T..., usually interpreted as "and (or thereafter) a fertile(?) bull for Reue" with the epithet lost. Reue therefore also seems to be a dative in the Lusitanian form of the name. Reue appears again on the
Ribeira da Venda inscription, including an epithet, as REVE AHARACVI - this time the deity is receiving a sacrifice of ten sheep.[29]
Etymology
Reflex of the Proto-Indo-European Sky-God
Polish scholar K. T. Witczak derives the name from earlier *
diewo, suggesting that the
Lusitanian language changed the
Proto-Indo Europeand to r, making Reo a sky deity similar to (and having a name
cognate with) the Greek
Zeus and Roman
Jupiter,[30] something which may be supported by dedications to him near mountains which also allude to Roman Jupiter.[31]
Water deity
In another line of scholarship, other authorities such as Blázquez and Villar suggest he may have been a deity linked to rivers and that the name derives from a root meaning 'a flow' or 'current'.[32][33][34][35]
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 219.
^Vallejo, José María (2021). "Divinidades y dedicatorias religiosas en Hispania occidental: lo que la lingüística (y otras ciencias) pueden decir sobre funciones teonímicas". In Estarán Tolosa, María José; Dupraz, Emmanuel; Aberson, Michel (eds.).
Des mots pour les dieux: Dédicaces cultuelles dans les langues indigènes de la Méditerranée occidentale (in Spanish). Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien: Peter Lang. p. 287.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 220.
^Blázquez, José Mª. Arte Y Religión En El Mediterráneo Antiguo. Ediciones Cátedra, 2008. p. 131.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
^Blázquez, José Mª. Arte Y Religión En El Mediterráneo Antiguo. Ediciones Cátedra, 2008. p. 131.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 226.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 226.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio) pp. 219–35.
Eguileta Franco, José María (2016). "As Burgas de Ourense y Revve Anabaraego: Un dios para unas fuentes termales". Abrente: Boletín de la Real Academia Gallega de Bellas Artes de Nuestra Señora del Rosario (in Spanish). 48: 47–65.
ISSN0212-6117.
Reo is a name appearing on Latin dedications to a
Lusitanian-
Gallaecian deity, usually with an epithet relating to a place, such as Reo Paramaeco discovered in
Lugo in
Galicia. The name Reo is in the Latin
dative case, for a
Latinized name*Reus.
Epigraphy
Reve is considered to be a very diffused
Palaeo-Hispanic deity in the Western part of the
Iberian Peninsula,[1] which would indicate it was "the most popular" of the
pantheon.[2] The name appears in at least 20 attestations, with variations:[3]
Analysing the attestations, a
nominative form *Reu-s or *Revs is proposed.[23][24]
The name Rebe is indicated as the
betacist form of Reve, interpreted by Villar and Prósper as a feminine form of the theonym.[25]
Epithets
The epithet Bormanico probably derives from a river name *Bormano-, a word
cognate to the name of continental Celtic deity Borvo.[26]
Apart from Reo Larauco ('Reus of
Larouco') the epithets share an -aik- element interpreted as an
adjectival marker[27] familiar from Lusitanian inscriptions in the dedications to Reo Paramaeco ('Reus of
Paramo') Amoaego Arcunii, Anabaraeco, and Alabaraico Sulensi.[28]
The first element Reo/Reus is very similar to the name Reue appearing on the Lusitanian
Cabeço das Fráguas inscription, part of which reads INDI TAVROM IFADEM REVE T..., usually interpreted as "and (or thereafter) a fertile(?) bull for Reue" with the epithet lost. Reue therefore also seems to be a dative in the Lusitanian form of the name. Reue appears again on the
Ribeira da Venda inscription, including an epithet, as REVE AHARACVI - this time the deity is receiving a sacrifice of ten sheep.[29]
Etymology
Reflex of the Proto-Indo-European Sky-God
Polish scholar K. T. Witczak derives the name from earlier *
diewo, suggesting that the
Lusitanian language changed the
Proto-Indo Europeand to r, making Reo a sky deity similar to (and having a name
cognate with) the Greek
Zeus and Roman
Jupiter,[30] something which may be supported by dedications to him near mountains which also allude to Roman Jupiter.[31]
Water deity
In another line of scholarship, other authorities such as Blázquez and Villar suggest he may have been a deity linked to rivers and that the name derives from a root meaning 'a flow' or 'current'.[32][33][34][35]
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 219.
^Vallejo, José María (2021). "Divinidades y dedicatorias religiosas en Hispania occidental: lo que la lingüística (y otras ciencias) pueden decir sobre funciones teonímicas". In Estarán Tolosa, María José; Dupraz, Emmanuel; Aberson, Michel (eds.).
Des mots pour les dieux: Dédicaces cultuelles dans les langues indigènes de la Méditerranée occidentale (in Spanish). Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien: Peter Lang. p. 287.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 220.
^Blázquez, José Mª. Arte Y Religión En El Mediterráneo Antiguo. Ediciones Cátedra, 2008. p. 131.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
^Blázquez, José Mª. Arte Y Religión En El Mediterráneo Antiguo. Ediciones Cátedra, 2008. p. 131.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 226.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 226.
^Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio). p. 221.
Redentor, Armando (2013). "
Testemunhos De Reve No Ocidente Brácaro". In: Palaeohispanica. Revista Sobre Lenguas Y Culturas De La Hispania Antigua n.º 13 (julio) pp. 219–35.
Eguileta Franco, José María (2016). "As Burgas de Ourense y Revve Anabaraego: Un dios para unas fuentes termales". Abrente: Boletín de la Real Academia Gallega de Bellas Artes de Nuestra Señora del Rosario (in Spanish). 48: 47–65.
ISSN0212-6117.